<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/007297317x/217220/olc_icon.jpg','popWin', 'width=81,height=116,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (0.0K)</a>

Recommended Primary Sources

• Code of Hammurabi
  
  
• The Precepts of Ptah-Hotep, c. 2200 BCE
  
  
• Herodotus: Hellenes and Phoenicians, c. 430 BCE

General Research Resources

• Internet Ancient History Sourcebook
  Lists, where known, all major online texts in a series of annotated index pages.

Before Western Civilization

Images:

• Mesopotamian ziggurat, c. 2100 BCE
  
  
• Indo-European Language Tree

Egypt

Texts:

• Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Egypt
  
  
• Tales of Ancient Egypt: The Shipwrecked Sailor, c. 2200 BCE
  
  
• Pen-ta-ur: The Victory of Ramses II over the Khita, 1326 BCE
  
  
• Hymn to Aten
  
  
• Herodotus: Book 2

Merchants and Monotheists: The Peoples of the Mediterranean Coast, ca. 1300 - 500 BC

Texts:

• Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Israel
  
  
• Book of Exodus
  
  
• Book of the Prophet Amos
  
  
• Accounts of the Campaign of Sennacherib, 701 BCE
  
  
• Psalm 137
  
  
• Ezra
  
  
• Flavius Josephus: Antiquities of the Jews, Book XV
  
  
• Roman Sources on the Jews and Judaism, 1 BCE-110 CE
  
  

Assyria

Texts:

• Prayer of Ashurbanipal to Shamash

Images:

• The Assyrian Army Attacks a City
  
  

Persia

• Herodotus: The Persians Reject Democracy/Darius' State
  
  
• Herodotus: On the Customs of the Persians, c. 430 BCE

Texts:

• Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Persia
  
  
• Zoroastrian Archives
  
  
• Herodotus: Accounts of Persian "Despotism" and Law, c. 430-300 BCE
  
  
• Herodotus: The History of the Persian Wars, c. 430 BCE