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Recommended Primary Sources

• Homer: The Iliad
• Hesiod: Theogony
• Accounts of the Hellenic Games, c. 470 BCE-175 CE
• Thucydides: The Melian Dialogue

The Rise and Fall of Ancient Heroes, 2000-800 BC

Texts:

• Plutarch: Theseus
• Reports of Minos and Knossos
• Thucydides: On the Early History of the Hellenes
• Documents on the Founding of Cyrene, c. 630 BCE
• Homer: The Odyssey
• Hesiod: Works and Days
• Accounts of Hellenic Religious Beliefs, c. 800 BCE-110 CE
• Accounts of Personal Religion, c. 430 BCE-300 CE
• Thales: Fragments and Commentary
• Democritus: Quotations
• Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans: Fragments and Commentary
• Zeno: Commentary

Images:

• Thera
• The Citadel
• The Citadel: Close Up

Life in the Greek Polis: 700-489 BC

Texts:

• Documents of the Hoplite Revolution, c. 750-650 BCE
• Documents of the Rise of Hellenic Tyranny, c. 650-550 BCE
• Aristotle: The Polis, from Politics
• Xenophon: On Men and Women, c. 370 BCE
• Documents on Greek Slavery, c. 750-330 BCE
• The Lot of Hellenic Women, 700-300 BCE
• Herodotus: Solon and Croesus
• Thucydides: On Aristogeiton and Harmodius
• Xenophon: The Polity of the Spartans, c. 375 BCE
• Plutarch: Lycurgus
• Texts on Ostracism at Athens

Images:

• Themistocles Ostrakon
• Aristeides Ostrakon
• Kimon Ostrakon
• Hoplite Soldier

Imperial Athens, 489-431 BC

Texts:

• Herodotus: The Persian Wars
• Herodotus: Xerxes Invades Greece
• Herodotus: Artemisia at Salamis, c. 480 BCE
• Thucydides: Pericles' Funeral Oration
• Documents on the Hellenic Drama, c. 560-330 BCE
• Aeschylus: The Persians

Images:

• Foundation Slab
• The Acropolis from Agora
• Trireme

Destruction, Disillusion and a Search for Meaning

• Thucydides: The History of the Pelopponnesian War
• Protagoras: Fragments
• Plato: The Republic
• Aristotle: The Politics
• Aristotle: Nichomachaean Ethics
• Euripides: Hippolytus
• Aristophanes: Lysistrata
• The Hippocratic Oath
• Cornelius Nepos: Life of Epaminondas, c. 30 BCE
• Xenophon: The Battle of Leuctra, 371 BCE