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Causal-Comparative Research

Chapter Outline

What is Causal-Comparative Research?

Similarities and Differences between Causal-Comparative and Correlational Research
Similarities and Differences between Causal-Comparative and Experimental Research

Steps Involved in Causal-Comparative Research

Problem Formulation
       Sample
Instrumentation
       Design

Threats to Internal Validity in Causal-Comparative Research

Subject Characteristics
Other Threats

Evaluating Threats to Internal Validity in Causal-Comparative Studies

Data Analysis

Associations between Categorical Variables

An Example of Causal-Comparative Research











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