| Average Aggregate Inventory Value | The total value of all items held in inventory for the firm valued at cost.
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| Bullwhip Effect | The variability in demand is magnified as we move from the customer to the producer in the supply chain.
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| Cost of Goods Sold | The annual cost for a company to produce the goods or services provided to customers.
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| Innovative Products | Products like fashionable clothes and personal computers that typically have a life cycle of just a few months.
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| Inventory Turnover and Weeks of Supply | Measures of supply chain efficiency that are mathematically the inverse of one another.
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| Logistics | Management functions that support the complete cycle of material flow: from the purchase and internal control of production materials; to the planning and control of work-in-process; to the purchasing, shipping, and distribution of the finished product.
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| Mass Customization | The ability of a company to delivery highly customized products and services to different customers around the world.
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| Outsourcing | Moving some of a firm's internal activities and decision responsibility to outside providers.
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| Process postponement | Delay of the process step that differentiates a product to as late in the supply chain as possible.
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| Supply Chain | How organizations are linked together as viewed from a particular company.
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| Transportation Mode | How an item is shipped.
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| Value Density | The value of an item per pound of weight.
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