Approach to knowledge that emphasizes empirical rather than intuitive processes, testable hypotheses, systematic and controlled observation of operationally defined phenomena, data collection using accurate and precise instrumentation, valid and reliable measures, and objective reporting of results; scientists tend to be critical and, most importantly, skeptical.
empirical approach
Approach to acquiring knowledge that emphasizes direct observation and experimentation as a way of answering questions.
ethnocentrism
An attempt to understand the behavior of individuals in different cultures based solely on experiences in one's own culture.
hypothesis
A tentative explanation for a phenomenon.
multimethod approach
Approach to hypothesis testing that seeks evidence by collecting data using several different research procedures and measures of behavior; a recognition of the fact that any single observation of behavior can result from some artifact of the measuring process.
