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Multiple Choice Quiz II
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1
The essential ingredient of scientific observation is
A)control.
B)precise instrumentation.
C)description.
D)creating change.
2
A researcher tests whether students learn better with an active learning teaching method or with a traditional teaching method. In this example, the teaching method is a(n)
A)dependent variable.
B)control variable.
C)independent variable.
D)intervening variable.
3
What characteristic distinguishes scientific hypotheses from casual, everyday hypotheses?
A)testability
B)intuitive appeal
C)circularity
D)certainty
4
Which of the following characterizes the majority of the research conducted in psychology?
A)quantitative research using the idiographic approach
B)quantitative research using the nomothetic approach
C)qualitative research using the idiographic approach
D)qualitative research using the nomothetic approach
5
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between correlation and causation?
A)Correlation does not imply causation.
B)Correlation directly implies causation.
C)Correlation and causation are synonymous.
D)Correlation is unrelated to causation.
6
Which of the following statements about research in psychology is true?
A)All research in psychology involves experiments.
B)Researchers observe correlations between variables to make causal inferences about behavior.
C)Psychologists view basic research and applied research as complementary.
D)All of the above
7
Measures of behavior used by researchers to assess the effect of an experimental manipulation are called
A)reliable variables.
B)independent variables.
C)dependent variables.
D)empiricals.
8
An operational definition of a construct is
A)reliable, because it is consistent.
B)valid, because it is truthful.
C)a specific procedure for measuring the construct.
D)an intervening variable that connects independent and dependent variables.
9
An example of an intervening variable that might link the independent variable of "insult" (present/absent) and the dependent variable of "aggression" is
A)thirst.
B)anger.
C)memory.
D)exercise.
10
Constructing a psychological theory based on the simplest of several available explanations for a phenomenon illustrates the use of the scientific principle of
A)confirmation.
B)precision.
C)rigorous testing.
D)parsimony.





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