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| 1 | Acorn worms are members of the class |
 | A) | Pterobranchia. |
| B) | Enteropneusta. |
| C) | Urochordata. |
| D) | Osteichthyes. |
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| 2 | All members of the class Enteropneusta share the following characteristic with the Chordata. |
| A) | notochord |
| B) | pharyngeal slits |
| C) | dorsal tubular nerve cord |
| D) | postanal tail |
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| 3 | Members of the class ______ use ciliated tentacles in filter feeding; usually live in secreted tubes in asexually produced colonies; and possess an expanded, shield-like proboscis. They live in deep oceanic water of the Southern Hemisphere. |
| A) | Pterobranchia |
| B) | Enteropneusta |
| C) | Urochordata |
| D) | Cephalochordata |
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| 4 | All of the following are characteristics of members of the phylum Chordata except one. Select the exception. |
| A) | endostyle or thyroid gland |
| B) | complete digestive tract |
| C) | dorsal contractile blood vessel or heart |
| D) | postanal tail |
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| 5 | All of the following are unique to members of the phylum Chordata except one. Select the exception. |
| A) | notochord |
| B) | pharyngeal slits |
| C) | ventral nerve cord |
| D) | postanal tail |
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| 6 | Tunicates or sea squirts are members of the chordate subphylum |
| A) | Urochordata. |
| B) | Cephalochordata. |
| C) | Enteropneusta. |
| D) | Pterobranchia. |
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| 7 | All of the following are characteristics of tunicates except one. Select the exception. |
| A) | enlarged pharynx with pharyngeal slits |
| B) | oral and atrial siphons |
| C) | secreted tunic containing proteins, salts, and cellulose |
| D) | oral cirri |
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| 8 | Which of the following chordate structures is a mucus-secreting, ciliated groove that is used for trapping food particles during filter feeding? |
| A) | notochord |
| B) | endostyle |
| C) | midgut cecum |
| D) | stigma |
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| 9 | Cephalochordates circulate blood by |
| A) | a heart. |
| B) | contractile vessels. |
| C) | the endostyle. |
| D) | the atriopore. |
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| 10 | Lancelets are members of the chordate subphylum |
| A) | Urochordata. |
| B) | Cephalochordata. |
| C) | Vertebrata. |
| D) | Osteichthyes. |
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| 11 | All of the following are true of lancelets except one. Select the exception. |
| A) | They are dioecious, and external fertilization results in free-swimming larvae. |
| B) | The body wall forms a large atrium around the pharynx. |
| C) | They are relatively weak swimmers and spend most of their time partly buried in a filter-feeding position. |
| D) | Their notochord is restricted to the tail region. |
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| 12 | Which of the following is an opening to the outside of the body of a cephalochordate through which water exits the body after passing through pharyngeal slits? |
| A) | oral siphon |
| B) | atrial siphon |
| C) | atriopore |
| D) | anus |
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| 13 | The development of sexual maturity in a larval body form is called |
| A) | parthenogenesis. |
| B) | coevolution. |
| C) | paedomorphosis. |
| D) | morphogenesis. |
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| 14 | Which of the following characters can be used to distinguish Urochordata from all other chordates? |
| A) | pharyngeal basket |
| B) | endostyle |
| C) | postanal tail |
| D) | buccal apparatus |
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| 15 | Paedomorphosis may help explain the evolutionary origin of the ______ from the ______. |
| A) | Urochordata/Cephalochordata |
| B) | motile chordates/sessile ancestors |
| C) | sessile chordates/motile ancestors |
| D) | Urochordata/Hemichordata |
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| 16 | Animals in the phyla Hemichordata and Chordata share deuterostomate characteristics with echinoderms. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 17 | A tornaria larva is planktonic. As it matures, it settles to the substrate and grows into an adult pterobranch. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 18 | The pharyngeal slits were used by earliest chordates for gas exchange. In many later chordates, they have become adapted for filter feeding. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 19 | Larval tunicates are planktonic and tadpole-like. Even though the adult tunicates are initially difficult to recognize as members of the phylum Chordata, the larvae possess all four unique chordate characteristics. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 20 | The notochord of members of the subphylum Cephalochordata is unique in that it is partly composed of muscle cells and is somewhat contractile. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 21 | The oral siphon of a tunicate carries water, undigested food wastes, and gametes out of the tunicate's body. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 22 | The atrium of cephalochordates is a diverticulum off the gut that extends anteriorly. It ends blindly and secretes digestive enzymes. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 23 | Hemichordates, echinoderms, and chordates share structures that indicate that they most likely share a diploblastic or triploblastic ancestor. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 24 | The notochord, postanal tail, and endostyle are important characteristics that distinguish the Hemichordata and Chordata. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |