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1Chemical messengers are involved in
A)communication.
B)maintaining homeostasis in an animal's body.
C)the body's response to various stimuli.
D)all of the above (a-c).


2Which of the following is not a major endocrine gland in vertebrates?
A)hypothalamus
B)pituitary
C)thyroid
D)placenta


3Those chemicals that are released to the exterior of one animal and affect the behavior of another animal are called
A)neurotransmitters.
B)local chemical messengers.
C)pheromones.
D)hormones.


4Which of the following is not a type of hormone?
A)carbohydrates
B)polypeptides
C)amines
D)steroids


5The fixed-membrane receptor mechanism for hormone action involves hormones that are
A)proteins and amines.
B)carbohydrates and steroids.
C)steroids and polypeptides.
D)carbohydrates and polypeptides.


6The mobile-receptor mechanism for hormone action involves hormones that are
A)steroids.
B)carbohydrates.
C)polypeptides.
D)amines.


7Hormones in flatworms affect
A)water balance.
B)reproduction.
C)regeneration.
D)more than one answer is correct.


8With respect to invertebrates, which of the following has the most advanced endocrine system?
A)echinoderms
B)arthropods
C)annelids
D)molluscs


9Frog metamorphosis is regulated by a hormone from the
A)hypothalamus.
B)kidney.
C)adrenal.
D)pineal.


10In vertebrates, chromaffin tissue is associated with the
A)brain.
B)adrenal glands.
C)reproductive system.
D)digestive system.


11Which of the following is not produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
A)STH
B)ACTH
C)FSH
D)all are produced


12Which of the following is not produced by the hypothalamus?
A)TSH
B)CRH
C)PIF
D)calcitonin


13Epinephrine or adrenaline is produced by the __________ gland(s).
A)adrenal
B)pituitary
C)thyroid
D)parathyroid


14Which of the following glands diminishes in size as a vertebrate ages?
A)pituitary
B)pineal
C)hypothalamus
D)thymus


15All of the following are hormones of the digestive tract except
A)CCK.
B)gastrin.
C)secretin.
D)atriopeptin.


16In vertebrates, the primary endocrine control center is found in the
A)hypothalamus.
B)pineal.
C)both hypothalamus and pineal.
D)adrenal glands.


17The kidneys produce the hormone
A)erythropoetin.
B)gastrin.
C)secretin.
D)hCG.


18Hormones modify the biochemical activity of a target cell or tissue.
A)True
B)False


19A hormone is a specialized chemical messenger that an endocrine gland or tissue produces and secretes.
A)True
B)False


20The pancreas produces several hormones that help regulate reproductive functions.
A)True
B)False


21The adrenal medulla is under control by the brain via sympathetic nerves.
A)True
B)False


22Zoologists know more about the endocrine system of invertebrates than of any other animal group.
A)True
B)False


23Jawed fishes and primitive tetrapods have ultimobranchial glands.
A)True
B)False


24In insects, hormones play a major role in growth, maturation, and reproduction.
A)True
B)False


25Classical endocrine glands have been identified in nematodes.
A)True
B)False





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