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1The transport system found in protozoa that moves gases is
A)simple diffusion.
B)a gastrovascular cavity.
C)hemolymph.
D)an open circulatory system.


2Coelomic fluid is used to transport gases in
A)rotifers.
B)gastrotrichs.
C)nematodes.
D)all of the above (a-c).


3The annelids, such as the earthworm, have a(n) __________ circulatory system.
A)closed
B)open
C)coelomic
D)hemolymph


4All of the following are granulocytes except
A)eosinophils.
B)basophils.
C)neutrophils.
D)monocytes.


5Which of the following is not a lymphocyte?
A)monocyte
B)B cell
C)T cell
D)platelet


6A bony fish has a __________-chambered heart.
A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four


7A four-chambered heart is first seen in
A)bony fishes.
B)amphibians.
C)reptiles.
D)crocodilians.


8The pacemaker of a mammalian heart is the
A)AV node.
B)SA node.
C)bundle of His.
D)Purkinje fibers.


9Most aquatic invertebrates carry out gas exchange
A)by diffusion.
B)with lungs.
C)by gills.
D)with tracheal systems.


10Arachnids possess
A)trachea.
B)book lungs.
C)neither a nor b.
D)both a and b.


11Land snails breathe by way of
A)trachea.
B)book lungs.
C)pulmonate lungs.
D)all of the above (a-c).


12Amphibians and some reptiles respire by
A)cutaneous body surface exchange.
B)external filamentous gills.
C)internal lamellar gills.
D)all of the above.


13The type of respiration that allows an organism to exchange gases simultaneously with both air and water is termed
A)cutaneous exchange.
B)bimodal breathing.
C)gill exchange.
D)lung exchange


14Which of the following has the greatest rate of oxygen consumption?
A)frogs
B)humans
C)pulmonates
D)birds


15Hemoglobin is the most commonly occurring respiratory pigment in molluscs and certain arthropods, as well as most vertebrates.
A)True
B)False


16In the respiratory system, oxygen and carbon dioxide always diffuse from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.
A)True
B)False


17As animals became larger and acquired higher metabolic rates, simple diffusion became increasingly inadequate as a means of delivering oxygen to the tissues.
A)True
B)False


18The site of gas exchange within the blood in mammals is the alveolus.
A)True
B)False


19The most common respiratory pigments in animals are hemoglobin, hemocyanin, hemerythrin, and chlorocruorin.
A)True
B)False


20During expiration in a human, the diaphragm relaxes.
A)True
B)False





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