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| 1 | The nutrition of an animal includes |
 | A) | the process of taking in food. |
| B) | the process of digesting food. |
| C) | the processes of absorbing and storing food. |
| D) | all of the above (a-c). |
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| 2 | Most higher invertebrates (e.g., insects) utilize ________________ that allows them to exploit different food sources. |
| A) | intracellular digestion |
| B) | both intracellular and extracellular digestion |
| C) | variations in extracellular digestion |
| D) | just extracellular digestion |
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| 3 | The development of an anus and complete digestive tract first occurred in the |
| A) | sponges. |
| B) | aschelminths. |
| C) | molluscs. |
| D) | cnidarians. |
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| 4 | Bats that eat primarily arthropods, such as moths, are called |
| A) | autotrophs. |
| B) | heterotrophs. |
| C) | carnivores. |
| D) | insectivores. |
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| 5 | A vertebrate, such as you, can extract approximately __________ calories per gram of carbohydrate. |
| A) | two |
| B) | four |
| C) | six |
| D) | eight |
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| 6 | In animals, which of the following would be categorized as a trace mineral? |
| A) | copper |
| B) | calcium |
| C) | chlorine |
| D) | phospholipid |
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| 7 | Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin? |
| A) | A |
| B) | B |
| C) | D |
| D) | K |
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| 8 | Deposit feeding occurs in |
| A) | earthworms. |
| B) | some snails. |
| C) | sea urchins. |
| D) | all of the above (a-c). |
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| 9 | Which of the following spends the most time eating? |
| A) | herbivores |
| B) | carnivores |
| C) | suspension feeders |
| D) | discontinuous feeders |
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| 10 | Digestion involves |
| A) | feeding. |
| B) | extracellular digestion. |
| C) | intracellular digestion. |
| D) | all of the above (a-c). |
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| 11 | Salivary glands are found in all of the following except most |
| A) | fishes. |
| B) | snakes. |
| C) | birds. |
| D) | fishes and birds. |
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| 12 | Gizzards are found in all of the following except |
| A) | crocodilians. |
| B) | birds. |
| C) | some fishes. |
| D) | mammals. |
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| 13 | All of the following are ruminant animals except |
| A) | cows. |
| B) | sheep. |
| C) | horses. |
| D) | goats. |
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| 14 | In mammals, HCl is produced by glandular cells of the |
| A) | pancreas. |
| B) | stomach. |
| C) | small intestine. |
| D) | rectum. |
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| 15 | All of the following are functions of the vertebrate stomach except |
| A) | stores and mixes the food bolus received from the esophagus. |
| B) | secretes substances (enzymes, mucus) that initiates digestion. |
| C) | is a site of absorption of lipids. |
| D) | helps control the rate food moves into the small intestine. |
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| 16 | The stomach contains __________ glands. |
| A) | gastric |
| B) | mucous |
| C) | intestinal |
| D) | none of the above |
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| 17 | Which of the following is necessary for the emulsification of fats? |
| A) | bile |
| B) | hydrochloric acid |
| C) | chyme |
| D) | bolus |
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| 18 | Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller particles that the individual cells of an animal can absorb. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 19 | Losses of biosynthetic abilities have marked much of animal evolution. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 20 | Only a few protists and animals can absorb nutrients directly from their external environment. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 21 | The evolution and structure of the digestive system in various invertebrates and vertebrates reflects their eating habits, their rate of metabolism, and their body size. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 22 | Most digestion occurs in the ileal portion of the small intestine. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 23 | The large intestine carries out many digestive and absorptive activities. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 24 | The appendix represents the evolutionary remnant of a portion of the pancreas. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 25 | A rabbit has a very small cecum. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |