Section I Quiz

Please answer all questions.

1		According to Framework Essay 1, a "master status" is:
			A)	a position that is high in prestige.
			B)	a position or slot in a social structure.
			C)	a status that will dominate all other statuses.
			D)	none of the above.
2		Which of the following correctly describes the "essentialist" position?
			A)	All points of view are essentially the same within social structures.
			B)	Knowledge is objective and exists independently of perception.
			C)	Conceptions have no meanings except those given to them by an observer.
			D)	Reality is relative because it varies from culture to culture.
3		According to Framework Essay 1, which of the following is/are true about the most recent version (2000) of the U.S. Census?
			A)	There were two new categories: Hispanic and Arab/Middle Eastern.
			B)	Racial identification was determined by existing government guidelines for reporting.
			C)	The census tends to over-report the poor and under-report the rich.
			D)	None of the above.
4		In Framework Essay 1, which of the following is effective in categorizing race?
			A)	Hemoglobin.
			B)	Eyefolds.
			C)	Lactose intolerance.
			D)	None of the above.
5		According to Framework Essay 1, aggregation assumes that those who share a master status are alike in "essential" ways.
			A)	True
			B)	False
6		In Framework Essay 1, objectification includes all of the following EXCEPT:
			A)	treating people only as members of a category.
			B)	objecting to people who are stigmatized.
			C)	regarding individuals as substitutable for one another.
			D)	objectifying women for appearance and men for wealth and power.
7		People in stigmatized categories are often depicted as:
			A)	having too much intelligence.
			B)	having too little intelligence.
			C)	being both child-like and savage.
			D)	all of the above.
8		James Davis profiles three prominent light-skinned blacks who were "mistaken" for white. Which of the following experiences did NOT occur in this reading?
			A)	Being rejected by a roommate.
			B)	Being called a "yellow bastard."
			C)	Being fired from an important job.
			D)	Winning the Miss America crown.
9		According to Davis, if a person is classified as an "octoroon," then he or she has _____ white great grandparent(s) out of eight.
			A)	one
			B)	two
			C)	six
			D)	seven
10		According to Davis, which of the following is true about racial classification in the U.S.?
			A)	Black Americans are the only ethnic group defined according to the "one-drop" rule.
			B)	The U.S. uses the same classification system as other countries.
			C)	The U.S. is the only nation to use the "one-drop" rule.
			D)	Self-designated blacks make up 17 percent of the U.S. population.
11		According to the Washington Post, Northern and Hawaiian natives were first counted in the census in:
			A)	1900.
			B)	1940.
			C)	1960.
			D)	1980.
12		Which of the following is true about the U.S. Census, according to the Washington Post?
			A)	Blacks have always been part of the census, even if they were slaves.
			B)	Before 1900, the term "Orientals" was used to describe Eastern peoples.
			C)	The ethnic identity of Hispanics was first asked in 1970.
			D)	None of the above.
13		According to "Census 2000: Seventeen Questions from the Long Form," which of the following questions is NOT asked on the U.S. census long form?
			A)	Where was this person born?
			B)	Is this person a citizen of the U.S.?
			C)	What is the highest degree or level of school this person has completed?
			D)	What is this person's occupation?
14		According to the article "Real Indians: Identity and the Survival of Native America," federal government definitions require _________ in order to recognize the person as an Indian.
			A)	tribal citizenship
			B)	reservation residency
			C)	ownership of land held in trust.
			D)	Federal requirements are inconsistent in their definitions.
15		Which strategy did the American government use to try to eliminate government responsibility to Indian tribes?
			A)	Intermarriage and biological definitions.
			B)	Rezoning and land buy-outs.
			C)	Legislation and harassment.
			D)	Incentive programs for those wishing to give up Indian claims.
16		According to "Latinos and the U.S. Race Structure," race is primarily _______ to many Latinos.
			A)	skin color
			B)	national origin
			C)	cultural
			D)	dichotomized
17		Which of the following represents the U.S. Census Bureau's official position about race and ethnicity?
			A)	They are separate.
			B)	They are the same.
			C)	Race is measured, but ethnicity is not.
			D)	Ethnicity is measured, but race is not.
18		According to Heather Dalmage, much of the difficulty for interracial families results from:
			A)	the dichotomization of race.
			B)	the uncertainty of their ancestry.
			C)	the conflict between parents of different races.
			D)	favoring one parent over the other.
19		Although many African Americans are historically multiracial, most identify themselves as black because:
			A)	there is no way for them to confirm whether or not they had white ancestors.
			B)	society judges people by the color of their skin, regardless of their background.
			C)	identifying themselves as multiracial relives a painful history of rape and exploitation.
			D)	they embrace their African roots.
20		According to Yen Le Espiritu, distancing one's group from other Asian groups in order to avoid being blamed for the other groups' misdeeds is called:
			A)	pan-Asian consciousness.
			B)	inter-Asian specificity.
			C)	ethnic disidentification.
			D)	racial lumping.
21		According to Espiritu, the Asiatic Exclusion League was founded by:
			A)	West-coast whites who feared being "overrun."
			B)	California labor unions.
			C)	World War II servicemen.
			D)	members of the Republican party.
22		As discussed in Espiritu's "Asian American Panethnicity," in 1922 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that persons of Japanese ancestry could not become naturalized citizens.
			A)	True
			B)	False
23		In Espiritu's "Asian American Panethnicity," of the _______ Japanese Americans subjected to internment during World War II, approximately _________ had been born in the U.S.
			A)	100,000; two-thirds
			B)	100,000; one-third
			C)	50,000; two-thirds
			D)	50,000; one-third
24		As discussed in Espiritu's "Asian American Panethnicity," which of the following statements is MOST likely to be expressed by a third-generation Korean American?
			A)	Because of the Japanese occupation of Korea, I would not consider dating a Japanese American.
			B)	I have more in common with a Japanese American than with someone from Korea.
			C)	My parents don't care if I marry another Asian. They only care if I marry a non-Asian.
			D)	It is important for me to retain my cultural identity by living in the same area as other Koreans.
25		In "Whiteness as an 'Unmarked' Cultural Category," when Ruth Frankenberg says, "The extent to which white identities can be named seems to show an inverse relationship to power in the U.S.," she means that:
			A)	racial identity gives people power.
			B)	people with more power have higher levels of racial identity.
			C)	identity is unimportant to whites.
			D)	those with the most power are the least likely to be ethnically identifiable.
26		According to Frankenberg in "Whiteness as an 'Unmarked' Cultural Category," which of the following characteristics of white culture is NOT seen as being like "Wonder Bread"?
			A)	Softness.
			B)	Lacking color.
			C)	Homogeneity.
			D)	Lacking vitality.
27		The woman interviewed by Frankenberg tended to equate "whiteness" with being "middle class."
			A)	True
			B)	False
28		In "The Five Sexes. Why Male and Female are Not Enough," Anne Fausto-Sterling uses the term "ferms" to refer to:
			A)	true hermaphrodites.
			B)	male pseudohermaphrodites.
			C)	female pseudohermaphrodites.
			D)	any intersexed person who lives life as a female.
29		In the U.S. today, federal law governs sex determination, according to Fausto-Sterling.
			A)	True
			B)	False
30		According to Walter Williams, which of the following best describes the way the berdache is seen?
			A)	As a feminized man.
			B)	As a masculinized woman.
			C)	As both man and woman.
			D)	As neither man nor woman.
31		According to Williams, the berdache tradition is regarded with respect in all tribes where it exists.
			A)	True
			B)	False
32		Williams makes the point that in order for a boy to become a berdache, he must:
			A)	have the approval of his family.
			B)	indicate a preference for female items or pursuits.
			C)	get permission from the chief or the shaman.
			D)	swear to remain a berdache for life.
33		Which of the following is true, according to Michael Kimmel?
			A)	Men and women tend to use different sides of their brains.
			B)	Different behavior between men and women is the result of hormonal differences.
			C)	It is far from clear that biological differences lead men to dominate women.
			D)	Although society plays some role in determining gender differences, biology plays a larger role.
34		Which of the following statements about gender is NOT true, according to the essay "The Gendered Society"?
			A)	The differences between men and women are not nearly as great as the differences among men or the differences among women.
			B)	Gender is one of the central organizing principles around which life revolves.
			C)	Gender difference is the product of gender inequality, not the other way around.
			D)	Gender inequality may be lessened, but it cannot be eliminated.
35		Which of the following is true about gender and language, according to "The Gendered Society"?
			A)	Occupation and status are more accurate predicators of language than is gender.
			B)	The different styles of communication used by men and women are fairly consistent from one situation to another.
			C)	Gender differences is language arise from biologically based tendencies toward either nurturing or fighting.
			D)	Men's language patterns are more effective than women's language patterns.
36		In the essay "It's Your Gender, Stupid," the author is a:
			A)	homosexual
			B)	transsexual
			C)	bisexual
			D)	transvestite
37		When the author of "It's Your Gender, Stupid" says, "all gender is drag," she means that:
			A)	gender is nothing until we choose to adopt gender roles.
			B)	gender is a language that creates binary difference.
			C)	all gender is a reuse of familiar stereotypes and rules for the use of those stereotypes.
			D)	most people are not entirely comfortable with some of the gender roles that society forces us to assume.
38		According to Michael Zweig:
			A)	We tend to think of class in terms of income.
			B)	Class is mainly a question of economic and political power.
			C)	When people in the U.S. talk about class, it is often in ways that hide its most important parts.
			D)	all of the choices are correct.
39		Which of the following people would NOT be considered middle class?
			A)	Sarah, who is a doctor and makes $80,000 per year.
			B)	George, who is a manager for a restaurant chain and makes $50,000 per year.
			C)	Frank, who owns a small business and makes $30,000 per year.
			D)	Molly, who works in an auto factory and makes $50,000 per year.
40		According to Daniel P. McMurrer and Isabel V. Sawhill, the five-year rate of social mobility in the U.S. is _______ percent.
			A)	15.
			B)	25.
			C)	35.
			D)	45.
41		According to McMurrer and Sawhill, social class matters less in the U.S. than it used to because of:
			A)	the growth of meritocratic practices in hiring.
			B)	the increase in self-employment.
			C)	changes in inheritance laws.
			D)	the high cost of a college education.
42		Which of the following economic trends has contributed to "America's Economic Transformation"?
			A)	Rising employment in the low-paying services industry and declining employment in the high-paying manufacturing industry.
			B)	Rising employment in the low-paying services industry and rising employment in the high-paying manufacturing industry.
			C)	Declining employment in the low-paying services industry and declining employment in the high-paying manufacturing industry.
			D)	Declining employment in the low-paying services industry and rising employment in the high-paying manufacturing industry.
43		Which of the following statements is true about the "new economy"?
			A)	College education has declined as the economy has declined.
			B)	More Americans own stocks than before.
			C)	The government has increased the regulation of corporations.
			D)	All of the choices are true.
44		According to "Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America," when the government determined a formula for calculating poverty in the early 1960s:
			A)	food costs and housing costs were roughly equal.
			B)	food costs were more than twice as high as housing costs.
			C)	housing costs were more than twice as high as food costs.
			D)	housing costs were more than three times as high as food costs.
45		Barbara Ehrenreich states that the working poor remain poor because:
			A)	they are not as motivated as other workers.
			B)	the poor are more constrained in their ability than other workers
			C)	management discourages them from identifying with powerful and wealthy entities.
			D)	all of the choices are correct.
46		According to Dusty Horwitt, all of the following are sources of inherited wealth EXCEPT:
			A)	inheritances and trusts.
			B)	legacy admissions to top schools.
			C)	athletic ability of top athletes.
			D)	all of the choices are examples of inherited wealth.
47		According to Horwitt, most successful people are successful because:
			A)	they are lucky.
			B)	they inherit money.
			C)	they work hard.
			D)	they have some sort of advantage that other people don't have.
48		In the essay "The Hazards of Naming Sexual Attraction," the author states that:
			A)	the term "gay" is preferred over "homosexual" because it is more encompassing and refers to more than just behavior.
			B)	people in ancient Rome who had same-sex erotic interests would be considered to be homosexual.
			C)	the term "homosexual" was originally intended to give a clear, politically neutral description of same-sex sexual behavior.
			D)	all of the choices are correct.
49		According to the essay "Is Homosexual a Noun?" homosexuality was originally regarded as:
			A)	a genetic anomaly.
			B)	a conscious choice.
			C)	hyper-sexuality.
			D)	an inversion of gender.
50		In some cultures, same-sex male behavior is regarded as:
			A)	necessary for the development of manhood.
			B)	a source of strength and courage.
			C)	an age-related developmental milestone.
			D)	all of the choices are correct.
51		In the essay " The End of Gay (and the Death of Heterosexuality)," Vince represents the idea that:
			A)	a man is gay if he has sex with other men.
			B)	it is not uncommon for straight men to engage in sexual experimentation with other men.
			C)	a lot of people are actually bisexual.
			D)	gay men are not necessarily effeminate.
52		In the essay "The End of Gay (and the Death of Heterosexuality)," the phrase "death of heterosexuality" refers to:
			A)	the erosion of traditional moral values.
			B)	the rise of bisexuality.
			C)	the changing way of viewing sexuality.
			D)	the increase in tolerant attitudes toward gay people.