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| 1 | |
In an estuary, _____ is low while _____ usually is high. |
| | A) | biodiversity, primary production |
| | B) | primary production, biodiversity |
| | C) | biomass, competition |
| | D) | freshwater flow, transparency |
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| 2 | |
As a general rule, fjords are found |
| | A) | along the Gulf of Mexico. |
| | B) | where river valleys were drowned. |
| | C) | in cold places. |
| | D) | in areas with earthquakes. |
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| 3 | |
Along the Caribbean coast of Mexico, some coastal lagoons have stratified water-fresh above, salty below--with no mixing. Why might this be so? |
| | A) | very low tidal range |
| | B) | the fresh water is colder than the seawater |
| | C) | the fresh water does not flow downstream |
| | D) | the seawater has the same density as fresh water |
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| 4 | |
The Bay of Fundy in eastern Canada is an estuary with extremely strong tidal currents. Why might this be so? |
| | A) | It is a negative estuary. |
| | B) | It is short and wide. |
| | C) | There is no Coriolis effect that far north. |
| | D) | It is long and narrow. |
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| 5 | |
A deep-water channel dredged in a shallow estuary may contain stagnant water. This is because |
| | A) | the deeper water is more salty. |
| | B) | the deeper water is more dense. |
| | C) | bacteria do not carry on composition in deeper water. |
| | D) | the shallow areas act as a sill that restricts circulation. |
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| 6 | |
To survive in an estuary, a filter-feeding crab must have a means to |
| | A) | catch the small amount of organic matter in the area. |
| | B) | clean mud off its filtering mechanism and gills. |
| | C) | shade its eyes from bright light. |
| | D) | deal with hypersaline water. |
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| 7 | |
Cat-tails (Typha) are plants of freshwater marshes, but they can be found at the extreme upper (landward) end of an estuary. Cat-tails are |
| | A) | euryhaline. |
| | B) | stenohaline. |
| | C) | eurythermal. |
| | D) | osmoregulators. |
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| 8 | |
Clams of mud flats often have |
| | A) | the ability to dig quickly into sand. |
| | B) | short, fringed siphons. |
| | C) | shells cemented to the sea floor. |
| | D) | long siphons. |
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| 9 | |
A year-round inhabitant of an estuary is which fish? |
| | A) | salmon |
| | B) | anchovy |
| | C) | killifish |
| | D) | leopard shark |
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| 10 | |
Primary producers of mud flats include |
| | A) | seagrasses. |
| | B) | salt grass. |
| | C) | benthic diatoms. |
| | D) | brown algae. |
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| 11 | |
The majority of the infauna of a mud flat feed on |
| | A) | diatoms. |
| | B) | green algae. |
| | C) | detritus. |
| | D) | particles suspended in the water. |
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| 12 | |
Fiddler crabs are used to study all of these topics but which one? |
| | A) | biological clocks |
| | B) | effects of predation on mussels |
| | C) | color changes |
| | D) | behavior |
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| 13 | |
As sediment builds up around bases of cordgrass, this plant may give way to |
| | A) | pickleweed. |
| | B) | Enteromorpha. |
| | C) | mangroves. |
| | D) | eelgrass. |
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| 14 | |
All of the following can be found on or near mangroves except for which one? |
| | A) | sponges |
| | B) | crabs |
| | C) | ribbed mussel |
| | D) | mudskipper |
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| 15 | |
A luxurious new condominium is built on land created by dumping soil and other fill on top of a salt marsh. The fishing near the condominium rapidly becomes poor. Which of these reasons probably is NOT why there are fewer fish? |
| | A) | A nursery area has been destroyed. |
| | B) | Food sources for small fish and their prey have been destroyed. |
| | C) | Local water circulation has changed. |
| | D) | The people who inhabit the condominium caught all of them. |
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