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| 1 | |
Sea turtles must leave the oceans to lay eggs. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 2 | |
Green sea turtles, when ready to lay eggs, migrate to the nearest isolated sandy beach that they happen to encounter. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 3 | |
A few species of sea snakes come ashore to lay their eggs, although most are ovoviviparous. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 4 | |
Marine iguanas can feed in cold ocean water because they warm up by basking in the sun on rocks. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 5 | |
Seabirds are endotherms, while sea reptiles usually are ectotherms. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 6 | |
Emperor penguins keep their eggs warm by which means? |
| | A) | retaining them in a brood pouch |
| | B) | building a large protected nest |
| | C) | placing them between their feet and lower body |
| | D) | lining the nest with down |
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| 7 | |
Penguins fly clumsily over the water, then dive into and swim adeptly in the water to catch prey. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 8 | |
Penguins are found mostly in the Antarctic and Arctic regions. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 9 | |
Tubenose birds get their name from the special feeding tube on their beaks. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 10 | |
Some seabirds migrate as much as 16,000 km from one polar region to the other, and may never experience a polar winter. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 11 | |
Pelicans force other birds to regurgitate in mid-air and then catch this food in their beak pouches. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 12 | |
Seabird guano can be useful for human purposes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 13 | |
Mammals constitute the largest group of vertebrates in terms of number of species. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 14 | |
Fossils of the earliest whales do not have blowholes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 15 | |
Walruses use their tusks to dig up food. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 16 | |
Sirenians are the only strict vegetarians among marine mammals. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 17 | |
Baleen whales have very long, hard teeth for straining small animals from the ocean. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 18 | |
All baleen whales subsist primarily on krill. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 19 | |
The pleated throat of many baleen whales is used like an expanding accordion to draw in large amounts of water and food. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 20 | |
After the 1600s, European whalers hunted whales primarily for blubber and human food. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 21 | |
Driftnets are widely used because they are the most efficient at catching animals useable for human consumption. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 22 | |
Cetaceans move their tails up and down while fishes move theirs side to side. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 23 | |
Though they are air breathers, some seals have been recorded diving under water for over an hour. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 24 | |
The blowhole of cetaceans not only allows for breathing air while most of the body is submerged, but also allows for breathing and swallowing simultaneously. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 25 | |
To dive deeply while breath-holding, all marine mammals rely mainly on a large rigid ribcage to hold open large lungs filled with air during the dive. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
The bends condition is caused by carbon dioxide bubbles forming in the blood due to pressure changes in diving. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 27 | |
Marine mammals avoid the bends by returning to the surface very slowly after a deep dive. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 28 | |
Echolocation is used not only by most toothed whales, but also by some pinnipeds and probably some baleen whales. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 29 | |
The rounded fatty forehead structure, the melon, of toothed whales is thought to produce the sounds for echolocation. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 30 | |
It is thought that cetaceans produce a mental " picture" of objects using echolocation sounds, since they can recognize objects by sight previously only sensed by sound. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
It is now well established that dolphins use sounds in a complex language rivaling that of humans in complexity. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
Breaching may serve as a warning signal or as a means of getting rid of external parasites. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 33 | |
Gray whales migrate to Baja California in the winter to feed in the rich tropical waters, then to their summer breeding areas in the northern polar waters. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 34 | |
Most cetacean calves are born head-first in order for the newborn to quickly gulp in air at the surface. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 35 | |
Pinnipeds often exhibit harem breeding with a dominant male mating with many females and fighting off other males. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 36 | |
Generally, pinnipeds breed |
| | A) | in the water. |
| | B) | in family groups at sea. |
| | C) | in colonies. |
| | D) | only at night. |
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| 37 | |
These marine mammals use blubber for insulation: |
| | A) | all marine mammals. |
| | B) | cetaceans and pinnipeds only. |
| | C) | cetaceans, sirenians, and pinnipeds. |
| | D) | cetaceans and sirenians only. |
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| 38 | |
Which of these countries still hunts minke whales? |
| | A) | Japan |
| | B) | U.S.A. |
| | C) | Australia |
| | D) | Ecuador |
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| 39 | |
The skeleton of a modern whale has |
| | A) | no rear limb bones. |
| | B) | very small rear limb bones. |
| | C) | small front flippers. |
| | D) | no blowhole. |
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