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| 1 | |
This is the carbon skeleton for one of the structural isomers of hexane, C6H14. (All hydrogen atoms and all bonds from carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms have been omitted for clarity.) Which structure is just a different paper-and-pencil representation of the same isomer?
 <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image027.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>]]>
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| | A) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image028.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>]]>
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| | B) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image029.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>]]>
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| | C) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image030.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>]]>
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| | D) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image031.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>]]>
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| 2 | |
In 2003, the FDA issued new rules on dietary supplements. These rules will |
| | A) | remove ephedra and other potentially dangerous supplements from the market until proven safe. |
| | B) | bring all dietary supplements under the FDA rules as drugs, rather than as foods. |
| | C) | establish standards for preventing contamination, and will require better labeling of supplements. |
| | D) | exempt supplements from testing and record-keeping requirements used by other drugs. |
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| 3 | |
Which compound has a chiral center? |
| | A) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image018.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (2.0K)</a>]]>
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| | B) | <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image018.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (2.0K)</a>]]>
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| | C) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image032.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (2.0K)</a>]]>
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| | D) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image017.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>]]>
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| 4 | |
The original purpose of anabolic steroids was to |
| | A) | enable synergistic effects with other drugs. |
| | B) | help patients suffering from wasting illnesses to regain muscle tissue. |
| | C) | produce a safe and efficient birth control pill. |
| | D) | create a performance enhancing drug for athletes. |
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| 5 | |
Ibuprofen is generally sold as a racemic mixture. What is this? |
| | A) | a mixture of structural isomers. |
| | B) | a mixture of prescription and over-the-counter forms. |
| | C) | a mixture of compounds with different molecular formulas. |
| | D) | A mixture of optical isomers. |
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| 6 | |
This is the structure of the steroid
 <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image033.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (4.0K)</a>]]>
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| | A) | testosterone. |
| | B) | androstenedione. |
| | C) | progesterone. |
| | D) | cholesterol. |
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| 7 | |
Why are some prescription drugs not available as less expensive generic drugs? |
| | A) | The drug companies are seeking to maximize profits by withholding the exact composition of the brand-name drug to competitors. |
| | B) | The FDA will not allow generic drugs into the marketplace because of concerns about safety, efficacy, and need. |
| | C) | It is likely that the drug is about to be reclassified as over-the-counter, making development of a generic form unnecessary. |
| | D) | The prescribed drug may be a "pioneer" drug and the 20-year patent-protection period may not have expired. |
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| 8 | |
Steroid-based contraceptives |
| | A) | stimulate the release of progesterone, essential for implantation of an embryo in uterine cells. |
| | B) | block the formation of estradiol, the female sex hormone, making pregnancy impossible. |
| | C) | mimic the action of progesterone in true pregnancy, which is to inhibit ovulation. |
| | D) | work by releasing norethynodrel from its binding site, allowing ovulation to occur. |
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| 9 | |
The symbol R in organic chemical formulas |
| | A) | is the symbol for the element rubidium. |
| | B) | represents a group of carbon and hydrogen atoms. |
| | C) | is used to stand for one or more rings in the compound. |
| | D) | indicates the reactive part of the organic molecule. |
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| 10 | |
The boxed functional group in this structure is
 <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image034.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (5.0K)</a>]]>
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| | A) | an ester. |
| | B) | a carboxylic acid. |
| | C) | an amide. |
| | D) | an ether. |
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| 11 | |
This is the condensed structural formula for aspirin, the most widely used drug in the world. What is its molecular formula?
 <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image035.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (6.0K)</a>]]>
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| | A) | C3H4O4 |
| | B) | C8H8O4 |
| | C) | C9H8O4 |
| | D) | C9H10O4 |
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| 12 | |
What functional groups and/or important organic linkages are present in PABA, an active ingredient in many sunscreens?
 <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image036.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>]]>
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| | A) | amide linkage, ketone group |
| | B) | organic acid group, ester linkage |
| | C) | organic acid group, amine group |
| | D) | alcohol group, peptide linkage |
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| 13 | |
Hippocrates described a tea that was effective against fever made by boiling willow bark. Years later the active ingredient was isolated and chemically modified to produce the drug we now know as |
| | A) | acetaminophen. |
| | B) | aspirin. |
| | C) | ibuprofen. |
| | D) | penicillin. |
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| 14 | |
Which incorrectly pairs a steroid or steroid-like substance with its primary physiological function? |
| | A) | RU-486, pregnancy preventative |
| | B) | cholesterol, cell membrane structural component |
| | C) | estradiol, female sex hormone |
| | D) | testosterone, male sex hormone |
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| 15 | |
The cyclooxygenase enzyme COX is responsible for the synthesis of hormones, the prostaglandins. Which is not a symptom that results from prostaglandin release in the body? |
| | A) | fever |
| | B) | sensitivity to pain |
| | C) | ability to inhibit bacterial growth |
| | D) | swelling |
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| 16 | |
This is the structural formula of phenol, the active ingredient in some oral anesthetics used to treat sore throats. What is the molar mass of phenol?
 <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image037.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (5.0K)</a>]]>
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| | A) | 94 g/mol |
| | B) | 89 g/mol |
| | C) | 50 g/mol |
| | D) | 17 g/mol |
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| 17 | |
The body's chemical messengers, called _____, are produced in the endocrine glands. |
| | A) | enzymes |
| | B) | viruses |
| | C) | isomers |
| | D) | hormones |
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| 18 | |
Which amino acid is least soluble in water? |
| | A) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image020.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>]]>
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| | B) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image021.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (2.0K)</a>]]>
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| | C) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image022.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>]]>
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| | D) |  <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232428/ch10_image038.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (3.0K)</a>]]>
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| 19 | |
What herb is marketed as being an effective treatment for mild depression? |
| | A) | St. John's wort |
| | B) | chamomile |
| | C) | Ginko biloba |
| | D) | lemon balm |
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| 20 | |
In 2004, the FDA issued a total ban on using the herbal drug ephedra in dietary supplements. What was the reason for the ban? |
| | A) | FDA had just become authorized to regulate herbal supplements as drugs, so now the manufacturers must submit proof of safety and effectiveness. |
| | B) | Evidence was overwhelming that any potential short-term gain was not justified by the risks of major side effects, including stroke and death. |
| | C) | Ephedra products on the market were variable in the dose of the active ingredient, leading to confusion for consumers. |
| | D) | All organized sports organizations successfully petitioned the FDA to remove these products from the market to protect the health of their players. |
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