 |
| 1 | |
In both bacteria and humans, the percentage of cytosine is very close to the percentage of which other nitrogen containing base? |
| | A) | adenine |
| | B) | guanine |
| | C) | thymine |
| | D) | phenylalanine |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids. In broad terms, DNA _____________ and RNA ______________. |
| | A) | serves as the master copy for genetic information in all species, transfers genetic information. |
| | B) | transfers genetic information, serves as the master copy for genetic information in all species |
| | C) | serves as the master copy for genetic information in mammals, serves as the master copy for genetic information in plants |
| | D) | serves as the master copy for genetic information in plants, serves as the master copy for genetic information in mammals |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Replication of DNA starts with separation of the two strands, followed by transport of nucleotides and the production of new strands.
What has an effect on each step of DNA replication?
I. enzymes
II. pH
III. temperature
IV. Pressure
|
| | A) | I and II only |
| | B) | II and III only |
| | C) | I, II, and III only |
| | D) | II, III, and IV only |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
In double-stranded DNA, adenine on one strand makes _____ hydrogen bonds with thymine on the other strand and cytosine makes _____ hydrogen bonds with guanine. |
| | A) | 2, 2 |
| | B) | 3, 3 |
| | C) | 2, 3 |
| | D) | 3, 2 |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
Sickle cell anemia is caused by an error |
| | A) | while incorporating a RNA primer into a DNA. |
| | B) | in transferring DNA from the donor to the host medium. |
| | C) | in an amino acid sequence, reflected in a corresponding error in a DNA codon. |
| | D) | when incorporating complementary bases into the backbone of DNA. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
The sheep named Dolly was |
| | A) | the very first successful cloning experiment. |
| | B) | the first mammal cloned from adult cells. |
| | C) | the first mammal successfully cloned on the first try. |
| | D) | an exact DNA replica of her mother and father's combined DNA. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
Stem cells |
| | A) | are derived from the stems of plants. |
| | B) | are located only in the spinal cord. |
| | C) | are unspecialized cells that can give rise to specialized cells. |
| | D) | have no potential therapeutic value. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
What does the acronym DNA stand for? |
| | A) | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| | B) | dinitrogenous acid |
| | C) | dextronitrogenamino acid |
| | D) | deoxynitrogenous amino acid |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
What is the significance of the X-ray diffraction patterns observed by Rosalind Franklin? |
| | A) | The diffraction patterns were the first experiments to demonstrate base pairing. |
| | B) | The diffraction patterns were the final step in proving the double helix structure of DNA. |
| | C) | Observations of these patterns led to Rosalind Franklin's Nobel Prize in chemistry for discovering DNA. |
| | D) | Correct interpretation of the diffraction patterns led to the structural determination of DNA. |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Which is complementary to the sequence TATCTAG? |
| | A) | TATCTAG |
| | B) | ATAGATC |
| | C) | CGCTCGA |
| | D) | GCGAGCT |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
In this symbolic representation, the arrow points to what type of unit in the backbone of DNA?
 <![CDATA[<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=gif::::/sites/dl/free/0073048763/232430/C12S2Q11.gif','popWin', 'width=370,height=175,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (1.0K)</a>]]>
|
| | A) | a nitrogen-containing base |
| | B) | a monosaccharide |
| | C) | a nucleotide |
| | D) | a phosphate group |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
How could the production of genetically modified (GM) crops be beneficial to developing nations? |
| | A) | High nutrient crops would grow even in poor soil, helping to reduce malnutrition. |
| | B) | Antibiotic-resistant genes in the crops would help stem the spread of human disease. |
| | C) | Excess crops produced in the U.S. would have a new market, helping U.S. farmers. |
| | D) | The population of these nations would provide a check on the safety of GM crops. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
As of 2008, what are some of the important issues associated with molecular pharming of corn to produce ethanol for fuel?
I. depletion of the soil
II. storage of flammable ethanol
III. shipping of this corn to Europe for food
IV. genetic modification of nearby food crops
|
| | A) | I and IV only |
| | B) | II and III only |
| | C) | I, II, and IV only |
| | D) | I, II, III, and IV |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Those opposed to genetically modified trees often refer to them as frankentrees. Those opposed to genetically modified foods often refer to them as frankenfoods. The terms |
| | A) | were derived from the German word frankenstuf, meaning an unnatural, manufactured substance. |
| | B) | were name for Benjamin Franklin, who was one of the first to propose genetically modified plants and foods. |
| | C) | imply cloning has been used to produce them. |
| | D) | refer to Frankenstein, a fictional character who created a monster while trying to make another human being from human parts. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
If the thymine (T) content of DNA for a certain species is 34%, what is its guanine (G) content? |
| | A) | 68% |
| | B) | 34% |
| | C) | 17% |
| | D) | 16% |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
What holds the two DNA strands together in the double helix? |
| | A) | covalent bonds |
| | B) | hydrogen bonds |
| | C) | ionic bonds |
| | D) | condensation bonds |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
The backbone of DNA is |
| | A) | sugar-base-sugar-base. |
| | B) | base-phosphate-base-phosphate. |
| | C) | base-base-base-base. |
| | D) | sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
Which correctly orders the species in terms of increasing size. |
| | A) | chromosome < codon < gene < nucleotide |
| | B) | nucleotide < codon < gene < chromosome |
| | C) | chromosome < gene < codon < nucleotide |
| | D) | codon < chromosome < nucleotide < gene |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Which pieces of information were important in helping Watson and Crick decipher the double-helix structure of DNA?
I. Chargaff's Rules
II. X-ray patterns
III. Ultraviolet light spectrum
IV. Electrophoresis
|
| | A) | I and II only |
| | B) | II and IV only |
| | C) | I, II, and III only |
| | D) | I, II, III, and IV |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
The term recombinant DNA refers to DNA that has |
| | A) | formed a codon of three DNA bases. |
| | B) | had its sequence of amino acids identified. |
| | C) | separated into two strands, but then has recombined into the double helix. |
| | D) | incorporated DNA from another organism into its own DNA. |
|
|
.