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| 1 | |
The third stage of the demographic cycle is represented by: |
| | A) | declining birth rate; low death rate |
| | B) | high birth rate; declining death rate |
| | C) | high birth rate; high death rate |
| | D) | low birth rate; high death rate |
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| 2 | |
On a worldwide basis, what was the total fertility rate in 2005? |
| | A) | 1.6 |
| | B) | 2.0 |
| | C) | 2.7 |
| | D) | 3.7 |
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| 3 | |
During industrialization, rapid increases in Europe's population were alleviated by: |
| | A) | emigration to North America and Australia |
| | B) | high unemployment |
| | C) | increasing use of contraceptives |
| | D) | very high death rates |
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| 4 | |
The consequences of zero population growth includes: |
| | A) | a growing labor force |
| | B) | increasing young age dependency ratio |
| | C) | increasing proportion of older citizens |
| | D) | lowered pension and social service costs |
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| 5 | |
A country with a crude birth rate of 44 and a crude death rate of 11 would have a rate of natural increase of: |
| | A) | 33 |
| | B) | 33% |
| | C) | 3.3% |
| | D) | 5.5% |
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| 6 | |
What term refers to the number of economic dependents each 100 people in the productive years must support? |
| | A) | Arithmetic density |
| | B) | Carrying capacity |
| | C) | Population pyramid |
| | D) | Dependency ratio |
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| 7 | |
The demographic transition model was developed to explain the population history of: |
| | A) | the world |
| | B) | Western Europe |
| | C) | Asia |
| | D) | the United States |
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| 8 | |
On a worldwide basis, population grows when: |
| | A) | births exceed deaths |
| | B) | births exceed migration |
| | C) | deaths exceed births |
| | D) | migration exceeds births |
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| 9 | |
Overpopulation is equated with areas: |
| | A) | in the first stage of the demographic cycle with high fertility rates |
| | B) | of high birth rates |
| | C) | of imbalanced fertility rates and dependency ratios |
| | D) | with a continuing imbalance between the numbers of people and the carrying capacity of the land |
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| 10 | |
What total fertility rate is required to just replace the world's existing population? |
| | A) | -1.0 |
| | B) | 0 |
| | C) | 1.0 |
| | D) | 2.1 |
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| 11 | |
About what proportion of all persons on earth live south of the Equator? |
| | A) | 10 percent |
| | B) | 20 percent |
| | C) | 25 percent |
| | D) | 40 percent |
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| 12 | |
A population pyramid with a wide base narrowing as the age cohorts progress indicates: |
| | A) | decline |
| | B) | rapid growth |
| | C) | slow growth |
| | D) | stability |
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| 13 | |
Oman, with a crude birth rate of 36 and a crude death rate of 4, would be in which stage of the demographic cycle? |
| | A) | Stage 1 |
| | B) | Stage 2 |
| | C) | Stage 3 |
| | D) | Stage 4 |
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| 14 | |
Currently, the world's population stands at approximately: |
| | A) | 6.6 million |
| | B) | 1 billion |
| | C) | 6.6 billion |
| | D) | 7.4 billion |
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| 15 | |
Presently, the highest rates of natural increase in population are found in which region of the world? |
| | A) | Africa |
| | B) | Asia |
| | C) | Europe |
| | D) | South America |
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| 16 | |
In general, Europe's population is: |
| | A) | rapidly growing |
| | B) | growing |
| | C) | stable or slightly declining |
| | D) | rapidly declining |
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| 17 | |
More developed countries differ from less developed countries because they have: |
| | A) | higher rates of natural increase |
| | B) | higher rates of physiological density |
| | C) | shorter doubling times |
| | D) | lower birth rates |
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| 18 | |
Which of the following is not considered one of the four great clusters of population? |
| | A) | northeastern U.S./southeastern Canada |
| | B) | South Asia |
| | C) | South America |
| | D) | Europe |
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| 19 | |
The majority of the world's population growth is occurring in nations now considered: |
| | A) | highly agricultural |
| | B) | highly industrialized |
| | C) | more developed |
| | D) | less developed |
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| 20 | |
Reductions in death rates globally can be attributed to: |
| | A) | decreases in the birth rate |
| | B) | the use of antibiotics, vaccinations and pesticides |
| | C) | immigration |
| | D) | the discovery of isolated rural areas of developed countries |
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| 21 | |
The demographic equation is represented by the sum of: |
| | A) | natural change and crude birth rates |
| | B) | natural change and dependency ratios |
| | C) | net migration and dependency ratios |
| | D) | net migration and natural change |
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| 22 | |
Birth and death rates are described as "crude" because: |
| | A) | it relates to the changes without any regard to the age and sex composition of the population |
| | B) | the total number of births and deaths can never be calculated accurately |
| | C) | the infant mortality rate is separate from the birth and death calculations |
| | D) | there is no world-wide standard of what constitutes a birth or a death |
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| 23 | |
One-quarter to one-third of global mortality is due to: |
| | A) | war |
| | B) | malnutrition |
| | C) | infectious and parasitic diseases |
| | D) | cancer |
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| 24 | |
Which statement is true with regard to how the earth's population is distributed? |
| | A) | Two-thirds of the earth's population live in the tropical latitudes. |
| | B) | Sixty percent of the earth's population live within 100 kilometers (60 miles) of the ocean. |
| | C) | Ninety percent of the earth's population live on 5% of the land. |
| | D) | Fifty percent of the earth's population reside above 200 meters (650 ft) elevation. |
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| 25 | |
Population projections are: |
| | A) | the same as predictions |
| | B) | based on assumptions for the future applied to current data |
| | C) | more exact for developed countries than developing |
| | D) | used only for countries which have an annual census |
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| 26 | |
Which country launched the "one couple, one child" population policy in 1979? |
| | A) | India |
| | B) | Japan |
| | C) | China |
| | D) | Russia |
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| 27 | |
The idea that unchecked population increases geometrically while food production increases arithmetically is associated with which theory? |
| | A) | Malthusian |
| | B) | Neo-Malthusian |
| | C) | Cornucopian |
| | D) | Green Revolution |
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| 28 | |
Which of the following is not a reason for declining birth rates? |
| | A) | increasing educational levels of women |
| | B) | deferred marriage ages |
| | C) | increased cost of rearing multiple children |
| | D) | emigration of males seeking jobs in other countries |
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| 29 | |
Which is the single greatest health disparity between developed and developing countries? |
| | A) | infant mortality rates |
| | B) | maternal mortality rates |
| | C) | HIV/AIDS death rates |
| | D) | total fertility rates |
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| 30 | |
If a country has a natural increase rate of 2.0%, how long will it take to double its population? |
| | A) | 2 years |
| | B) | 22 years |
| | C) | 35 years |
| | D) | 70 years |
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| 31 | |
The world's population growth rate since the Industrial Revolution is graphically illustrated as a: |
| | A) | S-curve |
| | B) | L-curve |
| | C) | V-curve |
| | D) | J-curve |
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| 32 | |
By 2005, the global urban population had reached: |
| | A) | 750 million |
| | B) | 1 billion |
| | C) | 3 billion |
| | D) | 5.1 billion |
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| 33 | |
In many societies, the number of births will continue to grow even as fertility rates decline due to: |
| | A) | demographic momentum |
| | B) | the homeostatic plateau |
| | C) | doubling time |
| | D) | overpopulation |
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| 34 | |
Which of the following explains why there are significantly more males than females in some regions of the world, including south and west Asia? |
| | A) | Poverty |
| | B) | More females migrate to other countries than males |
| | C) | Males are hardier and more resistant to disease than females |
| | D) | There is a cultural preference for males over females |
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| 35 | |
Total fertility rates refer to: |
| | A) | the average number of children that would be born to each woman at the current year's rate for women that age |
| | B) | the number of births per 1000 population |
| | C) | the level of fertility at which each successive generation of women produces exactly enough children to ensure the same number of women survive to have offspring themselves |
| | D) | the level of fertility at which populations replace themselves |
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