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| 1 | |
Since the end of the Paleolithic period the rate of innovation or invention has been: |
| | A) | declining. |
| | B) | fluctuating without a trend. |
| | C) | increasing. |
| | D) | remaining about the same. |
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| 2 | |
The carrying capacity of a defined region would be lowest for: |
| | A) | hunter-gatherers. |
| | B) | intensive commercial agriculture. |
| | C) | subsistence agriculturists. |
| | D) | urban-industrial people. |
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| 3 | |
The pyramid as a large monument is common to the ancient Egyptians and Mayans because: |
| | A) | of pre-Columbian voyages from the Mediterranean to the Americas. |
| | B) | of the diffusion of the pyramidal form across the Bering land bridge. |
| | C) | of the reality of independent parallel invention. |
| | D) | the Mayans were descended from the ancient Egyptians. |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following was not an early culture hearth? |
| | A) | Andean region |
| | B) | Eastern Brazil |
| | C) | Mesopotamia |
| | D) | Syria |
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| 5 | |
From the highest to lowest, the most accurate representation of cultural units is: |
| | A) | complex, realm, region, trait |
| | B) | realm, complex, region, trait |
| | C) | realm, region, complex, trait |
| | D) | trait, complex, region, realm |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following regional-plant domestication associations is incorrect? |
| | A) | East Asia – coffee, cotton, okra, sorghum |
| | B) | Mediterranean – barley, celery, grapes, olives |
| | C) | Meso-America – beans, maize, manioc, squash |
| | D) | Southern and Southeastern Asia – papaya, potato, pumpkin, tomato |
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| 7 | |
The relationship between a culture group and the natural environment it occupies is termed: |
| | A) | cultural ecology. |
| | B) | cultural convergence. |
| | C) | cultural diffusion. |
| | D) | culture hearth. |
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| 8 | |
The Paleolithic period near the end of glaciation was characterized by: |
| | A) | sophisticated agricultural societies based upon irrigation. |
| | B) | subsistence tribal systems based on hunting and gathering. |
| | C) | the complete absence of human populations as we know them. |
| | D) | the development of culture hearths based on urban centers. |
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| 9 | |
The movement of Black Americans from the rural south to the cities of the Northern United States is an example of which kind of diffusion? |
| | A) | permeable |
| | B) | contagious |
| | C) | expansion |
| | D) | relocation |
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| 10 | |
The spread of Islam from its origins in Arabia outward across North Africa and the Middle East would be classified as what kind of diffusion? |
| | A) | expansion |
| | B) | hierarchical |
| | C) | permeable |
| | D) | relocation |
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| 11 | |
All early culture hearths were urban centered, but one that was particularly trade oriented was that of: |
| | A) | Egypt. |
| | B) | Mesopotamia. |
| | C) | Minoan Crete. |
| | D) | West Africa. |
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| 12 | |
Pleistocene overkill is a term used to describe: |
| | A) | the destruction of many species of plants from excessive use of fire by Stone Age societies. |
| | B) | the massive loss of human life resulting from the onset of glaciation. |
| | C) | the rapid increase in Paleolithic population due to warming of continents. |
| | D) | the Stone Age loss of whole species of large animals on inhabited continets. |
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| 13 | |
One distinguishing feature of all culture hearths of the Old World and the Americas is their: |
| | A) | abandonment as centers of culture and settlement in modern times. |
| | B) | clustering in a band around the earth between 20 degrees south and 40 degrees north latitude. |
| | C) | confinement to lowland river valleys. |
| | D) | location on the western sides of continental land masses. |
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| 14 | |
Which of the following is not a process of cultural change? |
| | A) | acculturation |
| | B) | diffusion |
| | C) | innovation |
| | D) | segregation |
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| 15 | |
The center of the domestication of maize (corn) was: |
| | A) | Andean Uplands. |
| | B) | Eastern Brazil. |
| | C) | Meso-America. |
| | D) | West Africa. |
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| 16 | |
Which of the following is not an indicator of the cultural landscape? |
| | A) | house types |
| | B) | kinship |
| | C) | size of settlements |
| | D) | transportation networks |
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| 17 | |
Changes in culture, both major and minor, are induced by: |
| | A) | diffusion and religion. |
| | B) | innovation and diffusion |
| | C) | innovation and language. |
| | D) | language and religion. |
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| 18 | |
Which of the following is best classified as an element of the Ideological Subsystem of culture? |
| | A) | gross national product per capita |
| | B) | land and property ownership systems |
| | C) | literature |
| | D) | schools |
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| 19 | |
The emergence of culture hearths occurred largely during which period? |
| | A) | Mesolithic |
| | B) | Neolithic |
| | C) | Paleolithic |
| | D) | Pleistocene |
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| 20 | |
The belief that people, not environments, are the dynamic forces of cultural development is termed: |
| | A) | cultural convergence. |
| | B) | environmental determinism. |
| | C) | multilinear evolution. |
| | D) | possibilism. |
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| 21 | |
The abrupt abandonment of Chaco Canyon resulted from: |
| | A) | contagious diffusion. |
| | B) | the destruction of the life supporting environment. |
| | C) | the domestication of animals, particularly horses. |
| | D) | environmental determinism. |
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| 22 | |
Syncretism is the process of: |
| | A) | delaying the path of diffusion. |
| | B) | adoption of the traits of a more dominant culture. |
| | C) | fusing the old and new elements of culture. |
| | D) | rigorously organizing agriculture activities. |
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| 23 | |
Animal domestication most likely occurred during which period? |
| | A) | Mesolithic |
| | B) | Neolithic |
| | C) | Paleolithic |
| | D) | Pleistocene |
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| 24 | |
Cultural convergence is the: |
| | A) | merging of the original culture hearths. |
| | B) | sharing of technologies, organized structures, and culture traits among separated societies. |
| | C) | process of acculturation. |
| | D) | abandonment of older culture hearths for modern centers. |
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| 25 | |
Of all the early culture hearths, which ones were urban centered? |
| | A) | all |
| | B) | none |
| | C) | only those in the Americas |
| | D) | only the Asian hearths |
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