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| 1 | |
Which of the following was not assumed by Weber in his least-cost theory? |
| | A) | Agglomeration economies lead to higher transport and labor costs. |
| | B) | Labor is immobile in location, but infinitely available. |
| | C) | Locations with high transport costs may be attractive because of a cheap labor supply. |
| | D) | Transport costs were uniform by distance and weight in any direction. |
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| 2 | |
The largest single industrial area of Europe is centered on: |
| | A) | London. |
| | B) | the Ruhr Valley. |
| | C) | the Saxony District. |
| | D) | the Scottish Lowlands. |
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| 3 | |
The substitution principle is part of which approach to industrial location? |
| | A) | agglomeration |
| | B) | least-cost |
| | C) | locational interdependence |
| | D) | profit maximization |
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| 4 | |
By the mid 1990s, 80% of the U.S. nonfarm employment was involved in which type of activity: |
| | A) | secondary |
| | B) | tertiary |
| | C) | quaternary |
| | D) | quinary |
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| 5 | |
Secondary activities are concerned with: |
| | A) | the extraction of natural resources. |
| | B) | information processing. |
| | C) | material processing and the production of goods. |
| | D) | retailing and wholesaling activities. |
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| 6 | |
The largest and most varied work force in the United States is found in: |
| | A) | the Delaware Valley. |
| | B) | Megalopolis. |
| | C) | New York City. |
| | D) | the heart of the Anglo-Saxon Manufacturing Belt. |
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| 7 | |
The largest manufacturing district in Japan is: |
| | A) | Kitakyushu. |
| | B) | Kobe-Osaka. |
| | C) | Nagoya. |
| | D) | Tokyo. |
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| 8 | |
Outsourcing is closely related to: |
| | A) | comparative advantage. |
| | B) | Deglomeration. |
| | C) | market orientation. |
| | D) | material orientation. |
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| 9 | |
Which of the following is not a major manufacturing region? |
| | A) | Eastern Asia |
| | B) | Eastern North America |
| | C) | West and Central Europe |
| | D) | Western South America |
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| 10 | |
The market control mechanism is measured by: |
| | A) | demand. |
| | B) | maximizing profit. |
| | C) | price. |
| | D) | supply. |
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| 11 | |
Although it once had been the major manufacturing area in the country, by the mid–1990s manufacturing employment in eastern North America had dropped to below what percentage? |
| | A) | 15 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 30 |
| | D) | 60 |
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| 12 | |
In the context of spatial theories of industrial location, satisficing is to optimal as ___________. |
| | A) | good is to best. |
| | B) | larger is to smaller. |
| | C) | incorrect is to correct. |
| | D) | left is to right. |
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| 13 | |
Among "transport media," which of the following has the advantage of being able to seamlessly use different forms of transportation? |
| | A) | Railroad |
| | B) | Inland waterways |
| | C) | Pipelines |
| | D) | Intermodal containerization |
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| 14 | |
The industrial policies of Eastern Europe have created: |
| | A) | advanced high-tech regions. |
| | B) | extreme environmental problems. |
| | C) | highly efficient industrial districts. |
| | D) | strong unionized labor forces. |
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| 15 | |
The lowest total costs for two vendors in a market are: |
| | A) | at opposite ends of the market. |
| | B) | at the midpoints of their halves of the market. |
| | C) | one at one end of the market, the other at the midpoint. |
| | D) | side-by-side clustered at the midpoint. |
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| 16 | |
Jobs in which sector are not affected by the location of resources or market? |
| | A) | quaternary |
| | B) | primary |
| | C) | secondary |
| | D) | tertiary |
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| 17 | |
Break of bulk points are sites where: |
| | A) | a carrier combines unprocessed commodities with finished goods. |
| | B) | a transport carrier has made an intermediate stop before proceeding to the final destination. |
| | C) | goods have to be transferred from one type of carrier to another. |
| | D) | movement is interrupted for processing or manufacturing en route. |
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| 18 | |
The Industrial Revolution in England began with which industry? |
| | A) | coal |
| | B) | food processing |
| | C) | iron and steel |
| | D) | textiles |
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| 19 | |
Approximately what percentage of the world's gross domestic product is attributed to transnational corporations? |
| | A) | 5 |
| | B) | 10 |
| | C) | 25 |
| | D) | 50 |
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| 20 | |
The region of the world that is rapidly becoming the most productive industrial district is: |
| | A) | Eastern Asia. |
| | B) | Northeastern North America. |
| | C) | Paris. |
| | D) | Western United States and Mexico. |
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| 21 | |
Locating a steel mill at Cleveland, Ohio was an example of: |
| | A) | quaternary activities. |
| | B) | outsourcing. |
| | C) | minimization of the total cost of collecting all the raw materials at one point. |
| | D) | avoiding incompatible industries such as textiles and footwear. |
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| 22 | |
The textile industry has begun to shift production to China, Bangladesh, Mexico, and Thailand because of: |
| | A) | their proximity to major populations. |
| | B) | lower labor costs. |
| | C) | better overland transportation routes than those found in Taiwan and Hong Kong. |
| | D) | political instability in South Africa. |
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| 23 | |
Industries that are considered "footloose": |
| | A) | are fly-by-night operations. |
| | B) | require multiple sources of raw materials. |
| | C) | are found predominantly in inner cities. |
| | D) | consider transport costs a negligible factor in production. |
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| 24 | |
The concept of comparative advantage helps to explain: |
| | A) | high market demand for products. |
| | B) | regional specializations. |
| | C) | locating plants near raw material sources. |
| | D) | lower wage rates in the United States. |
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| 25 | |
In planned Marxist economies such as in the former Soviet Union, the patterns of industrial development are geared to: |
| | A) | regional self-sufficiency. |
| | B) | the individual firm. |
| | C) | the location of the consumer market. |
| | D) | the location of the raw materials. |
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