| Alliance partner | a company you do business with on a regular business in a cooperative fashion, usually facilitated by IT systems.
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| Application architects | information technology professionals who can design creative technology-based business solutions.
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| B2B marketplace | an Internet-based service which brings together many buyers and sellers.
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| Business process | a standardized set of activities that accomplishes a specific task, such as processing a customer's order.
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| Business to business (B2B) | companies whose customers are primarily other businesses.
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| Business to consumer (B2C) | companies whose customers are primarily individuals.
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| Buyer power | high when buyers have many choices of whom to buy from, and low when their choices are few.
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| Collaborative filtering | a method of placing you in an affinity group of people with the same characteristics.
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| Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR) | a concept that encourages and facilitates collaborative processes between members of a supply chain.
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| Competitive advantage | providing a product or service in a way that customers value more than what the competition is able to do.
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| Creative design | one that solves the business problem in a new and highly effective way rather than the same way others have done it.
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| Disintermediation | the use of the Internet as a delivery vehicle, whereby intermediate players in a distribution channel can be bypassed.
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| Distribution chain | the path followed from the originator of a product or service to the end consumer.
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| Entry barrier | a product or service feature that customers have come to expect from companies in a particular industry.
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| First mover | the company first to market with a new IT-based product or service.
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| Five forces model | a model developed to determine the relative attractiveness of an industry.
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| Global reach | the ability to extend a company's reach to customers anywhere there is an Internet connection, and at a much lower cost.
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| Information partnership | two or more companies that cooperate by integrating their IT systems, thereby providing customers with the best of what each can offer.
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| Just-in-time (JIT) | an approach that produces or delivers a product or service just at the time the customer wants it.
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| Mass customization | when a business gives its customers the opportunity to tailor its product or service to the customer's specifications.
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| Permission marketing | when you have given a merchant your permission to send you special offers.
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| Personalization | when a Web site can know enough about your likes and dislikes that it can fashion offers that are more likely to appeal to you.
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| Project team | a team designed to accomplish specific one-time goals, which is disbanded once the project is complete.
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| Rivalry among existing competitors | makes an industry less attractive to enter when high and more attractive to enter when low.
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| Supplier power | high when buyers have few choices of whom to buy from, and low when there are many choices.
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| Supply chain | the paths reaching out to all of a company's suppliers of parts and services.
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| Switching costs | costs that can make customers reluctant to switch to another product or service.
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| Temporary advantage | an advantage that, sooner or later, the competition duplicates or even leap-frogs you with a better system.
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| Threat of new entrants | high when it is easy for competitors to enter the market and low when it's difficult for competitors to enter the market.
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| Threat of substitute products or services | alternatives to using a product or service.
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| Three generic strategies | cost leadership, differentiation, or a focused strategy.
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| Value chain | a tool that views the organization as a chain-or series-of processes, each of which adds value to the product or service for the customer.
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