| Affiliate programs | arrangements made between e-commerce sites that direct users from one site to the other and by which, if a sale is made as a result, the originating site receives a commission.
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| B2B marketplace | an Internet-based service which brings together many buyers and sellers.
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| Clicks-and-mortar | a retailer, like Nordstrom, which has both an Internet presence and one or more physical stores.
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| Click-throughs | a count of the number of people who visit one site and click on an ad, and are taken to the site of the advertiser.
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| Complementor | provides products and services that complement the offerings of the enterprise and thereby extends its value-adding capabilities to its customers.
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| Conversion rate | the percentage of customers who visit a site who actually buy something.
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| Customer relationship management (CRM) system | uses information about customers to gain insights into their needs, wants, and behaviors in order to serve them better.
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| Demand aggregation | combines purchase requests from multiple buyers into a single large order which justifies a discount from the business.
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| Digital divide | the fact that different peoples, cultures, and areas of the world or within a nation do not have the same access to information and telecommunications technologies.
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| Direct material | material that is used in production in a manufacturing company or is placed on the shelf for sale in a retail environment.
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| ebXML | a set of technical specifications for business documents built around XML designed to permit enterprises of any size and in any geographical location to conduct business over the Internet.
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| E-government | the application of e-commerce technologies in governmental agencies.
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| Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP) | a system that sends us our bills over the Internet and gives us an easy way to pay them if the amount looks correct.
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| Electronic commerce | commerce, but it is commerce accelerated and enhanced by information technology, in particular, the Internet.
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| Electronic data interchange (EDI) | the direct computer-to-computer transfer of transaction information contained in standard business documents, such as invoices and purchase orders, in a standard format.
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| E-tailer | an Internet retail site.
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| Extranet | an intranet that is restricted to an organization and certain outsiders, such as customers and suppliers.
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| Financial cybermediaries | Internet-based companies that make it easy for one person to pay another person over the Internet.
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| Financial EDI (FEDI) | the use of EDI for payments.
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| Global digital divide | the term used specifically to describe differences in IT access and capabilities between different countries or regions of the world.
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| Indirect material | (commonly called MRO materials) material that is necessary for running a modern corporation, but does not relate to the company's primary business activities.
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| Interactive chat | lets you engage in real-time typed exchange of information between you and one or more other individuals over the Internet.
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| Intermediary | a specialist company that provides services better than its client companies can themselves.
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| Internet telephony | a combination of hardware and software that uses the Internet as the medium for transmission of telephone calls in place of traditional telephone networks.
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| Intranet | an internal organizational Internet that is guarded against outside access by a special security feature called a firewall (which can be software, hardware, or a combination of the two).
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| Marketing mix | the set of marketing tools that a firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market.
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| M-commerce | the term used to describe electronic commerce conducted over a wireless device such as a cell phone or personal digital assistant.
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| Meta tag | a part of a Web site text not displayed to users but accessible to browsers and search engines for finding and categorizing Web sites.
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| Micro-payment | a technique to facilitate the exchange of small amounts of money for an Internet transaction.
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| Pure play | an Internet retailer such as Amazon.com that has no physical stores.
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| Reverse auction | the process in which a buyer posts its interest in buying a certain quantity of items, and sellers compete for the business by submitting successively lower bids until there is only one seller left.
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| Smart cards | plastic cards the size of a credit card that contain an embedded chip on which digital information can be stored.
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| Spam | unsolicited e-mail.
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| Value network | all of the resources behind the click on a Web page that the customer doesn't see, but that together create the customer relationship-service, order fulfillment, shipping, financing, information brokering, and access to other products and offers.
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| Viral marketing | encourages users of a product or service supplied by a B2C company to ask friends to join in as well.
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| Virtual private network (VPN) | uses software to establish a secure channel on the Internet for transmitting data.
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| Web Services | software applications that talk to other software applications over the Internet using XML as a key enabling technology.
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| XML (eXtensible Markup Language) | a coding language for the Web that lets computers interpret the meaning of information in Web documents.
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