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| 1 | The cavities within bone or cartilage where living cells reside are called… |
 | A) | Canaliculi |
| B) | Osteocytes |
| C) | Lacunae |
| D) | Glial cells |
| E) | Plasmodesmata |
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| 2 | Some invertebrates have added a (secreted) noncellular cuticle over the epidermis for additional protection. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 3 | The most primitive integument is probably the… |
| A) | Cuticle |
| B) | Pellicle |
| C) | Exoskeleton |
| D) | Epidermis |
| E) | None of the above |
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| 4 | Which of the following is associated with the arthropod integument? |
| A) | Epicuticle |
| B) | Hypodermis |
| C) | Procuticle |
| D) | Sclerotization |
| E) | All of the above are associated with the arthropod integument |
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| 5 | The epidermis gives rise to all of the following structures except: |
| A) | Hair |
| B) | Feathers |
| C) | Claws |
| D) | Dermal scales |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 6 | Skeletal muscle fibers are rather unique in that they are very long and are typically multinucleate. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 7 | The epidermis of vertebrates is composed of which tissues? |
| A) | Stratified squamous epithelium |
| B) | Simple cuboidal epithelium |
| C) | Simple squamous epithelium |
| D) | Transitional epithelium |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 8 | Which of the following is a waterproofing protein that characterizes the epidermis of vertebrates? |
| A) | Carotene |
| B) | Collagen |
| C) | Fibrin |
| D) | Calcium carbonate |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 9 | The “skeletal” system of a worm is known as a(n)… |
| A) | Exoskeleton |
| B) | Endoskeleton |
| C) | Hydrostatic skeleton |
| D) | Muscular hydrostatic exoskeleton |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 10 | The process of keratinization results in a cornified layer. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 11 | In decapod crustaceans the cuticle is stiffened by calcification. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 12 | Chondrocytes surrounded by a firm complex protein gel interlaced with a meshwork of collagenous fibers makes up what type of tissue? |
| A) | Epidermis |
| B) | Dermis |
| C) | Cartilage |
| D) | Bone |
| E) | Sclerotin |
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| 13 | Stratified epithelia are typically limited to the vertebrates. This tissue type is characterized by a number of layers of epithelial cells. A classic example is the stratified squamous epithelia of the skin. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 14 | One of the most common and widespread proteins in the animal kingdom is keratin; it is a component of the epidermis, as well as nails, claws, hair, and feathers. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 15 | Bone differs from other connective tissues in that it possesses significant amounts of … |
| A) | Fibers |
| B) | Cells |
| C) | Collagen |
| D) | Calcium |
| E) | Phosphorus |
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| 16 | The organization of lacunae and canaliculi is arranged into an elongated cylinder called an… |
| A) | Alveolus |
| B) | Canaliculadron |
| C) | Nephron |
| D) | Osteon |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 17 | Vertebrates have two types of striated muscle: skeletal and smooth. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 18 | Invertebrates have both striated and smooth muscle types. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 19 | Bone growth and remodeling is under the influence of parathyroid hormone and … |
| A) | Insulin |
| B) | Glucagon |
| C) | Calcitonin |
| D) | FSH |
| E) | MSG |
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| 20 | The atlas is part of the… |
| A) | Pectoral girdle |
| B) | Appendicular skeleton |
| C) | Axial skeleton |
| D) | Median skeleton |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 21 | In the amniote tetrapods, the vertebrae are differentiated into how many separate regions? |
| A) | 3 |
| B) | 4 |
| C) | 5 |
| D) | 6 |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 22 | With increased cephalization the number of bones in the vertebrate skull increased. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 23 | Pigments in crustaceans and ectothermic vertebrates are contained in large cells with branching chromatophores. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 24 | The exoskeleton of insects is sclerotized, but not hardened. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 25 | In most vertebrates, the notochord is surrounded or replaced by the vertebral column after embryonic development. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 26 | The most common contractile proteins in the animal kingdom are… |
| A) | Carotene and keratin |
| B) | Collagen and elastin |
| C) | Calcitonin and thyroxine |
| D) | Actin and myosin |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 27 | Amoeboid movement depends on which of the following? |
| A) | Cilia |
| B) | Flagella |
| C) | Actin |
| D) | Hydrostatic musculature |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 28 | Which of the following organelles are involved in the movement of cell AND moving materials across body surfaces? |
| A) | Pseudopodia |
| B) | Cilia |
| C) | Flagella |
| D) | Lobopodia |
| E) | All of the above are correct |
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| 29 | Energy for muscle contraction can come from any of the following sources except: |
| A) | ATP |
| B) | Glycogen |
| C) | Creatine phosphate |
| D) | AMP |
| E) | All of the above are sources of energy for muscle contraction |
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| 30 | Bundles of skeletal muscles are referred to as: |
| A) | Fibers |
| B) | Fascicles |
| C) | Tendons |
| D) | Ligaments |
| E) | All of the above are correct |
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| 31 | The striations of skeletal muscles are the result of the pattern of actin and myosin filaments. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 32 | Between the motor axon and the muscle fiber is a synapse known as the myoneural junction. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 33 | Adductor muscles of clams are known for their amazing lack of nervous impulses during contraction. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 34 | Slow twitch fibers are characterized by slow contractions, and a high density of energy producing mitochondria. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 35 | Which of the following statements is NOT true? |
| A) | Large animals reduce bone stress by adapting limb posture to align with the long axis of bones. |
| B) | In most vertebrates, the notochord is surrounded or replaced by the vertebral column after embryonic development. |
| C) | Endochondral bone forms from cartilage by replacement |
| D) | The second vertebrate vertebra is known as the atlas, which permits rotational movements of the head |
| E) | Cilia are typically shorter and more numerous than flagella, and their beating is more consistently directional |
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| 36 | Some of the most beautiful iridescent and metallic hues in the Animal Kingdom are caused not by pigments but by “structural” colors. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 37 | Iridophores contain crystals of guanine or some other purine, rather than pigment. They produce a silvery or metallic effect by absorbing all light incident upon them. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 38 | The sarcopolasmic reticulum stores chlorine and releases it around the actin and myosin filaments in response to depolarization. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |