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| 1 | In mammals, the endocrine system communicates to the rest of the body by chemical messengers called secretins. |
 | A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 2 | Endocrine glands are large, poorly-vascularized glands with ducts, and therefore opposite in characteristics to exocrine glands. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 3 | A hormone behaves as a first messenger that causes the activation of a second messenger in the… |
| A) | Ectosol |
| B) | Cytoplasm |
| C) | Cytosol |
| D) | All of the above are correct |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 4 | At least six different molecules have been identified as a second messenger; each works via a specific… |
| A) | Steroid |
| B) | Diacyglycerol |
| C) | Calmodulin |
| D) | Kinase |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 5 | Secretion of most hormones is controlled by positive feedback mechanisms. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 6 | The anterior pituitary is derived from an outgrowth of the hypothalamus. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 7 | The connection of the hypothalamus to the neurohypophysis is the infundibulum. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 8 | Membrane-bound receptors such as adenylate cyclase are associated with… |
| A) | Cyclic AMP |
| B) | Steroid hormones |
| C) | Nuclear receptors |
| D) | Direct effects on gene transcription |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 9 | Invertebrate hormones are typically produced by: |
| A) | Exocrine glands |
| B) | Neurosecretory cells |
| C) | The chrysalis |
| D) | The infundibulum |
| E) | All of the above are correct |
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| 10 | Molting and metamorphosis of insects are primarily under the control of ___________ produced respectively by the corpora allata and the prothoracic gland. |
| A) | Ecdysone and juvenile hormone |
| B) | Brain hormone and juvenile hormone |
| C) | Ecdysone and brain hormone |
| D) | Cuticular hormone and juvenile hormone |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 11 | Another name for vasopressin is growth hormone, which more accurately describes the action of the hormone. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 12 | The hormone melatonin is implicated in circadian rhythms and the biological clock of many physiological processes. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 13 | Production of analogs of _________ may hold promise as insecticides because these analogs may prevent insect development. |
| A) | MSH |
| B) | Oxytocin |
| C) | TSH |
| D) | Juvenile hormone |
| E) | Molting hormone |
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| 14 | Which of the following is not a tropic hormone? |
| A) | LH |
| B) | ACTH |
| C) | FSH |
| D) | MSH |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 15 | Which hormone promotes egg production in females and sperm production in males? |
| A) | TSH |
| B) | Prolactin |
| C) | LH |
| D) | FSH |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 16 | The brain neuropeptides are steroid molecules that act both as hormones and as neurotransmitters. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 17 | In animals that have an intermediate lobe of the pituitary, this lobe produces… |
| A) | Prolactin |
| B) | ACTH |
| C) | Melanophore-stimulating hormone |
| D) | Melatonin |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 18 | The anterior pituitary is under strong influence by the… |
| A) | Thalamus |
| B) | Hypothalamus |
| C) | Pineal gland |
| D) | Neurohypophysis |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 19 | Which of the following are local hormones that act in a variety of ways, including affecting smooth muscle contraction? |
| A) | Cytokines |
| B) | Endorphins |
| C) | Prostaglandins |
| D) | Enkalphins |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 20 | Which of the following is NOT produced by the thyroid gland? |
| A) | Thyroxine |
| B) | Cytokines |
| C) | Triiodonthyronine |
| D) | Calcitonin |
| E) | All of the above are produced by the thyroid gland |
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| 21 | Which of the following hormones is NOT involved in calcium homeostasis? |
| A) | Calcitonin |
| B) | 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D |
| C) | Parathyroid hormone |
| D) | Thyroxine |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 22 | Which of these concepts does not have to do with the thyroid gland? |
| A) | Goiter |
| B) | Cretinism |
| C) | Frog metamorphosis |
| D) | Circadian rhythms |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 23 | PTH stimulates osteoclasts to dissolve bone material. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 24 | Vitamin D can be obtained from your diet, but it may also be synthesized by your pineal gland. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 25 | Glucocorticoids are involved in promoting the inflammatory defenses of the body. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 26 | Glucocorticoids are involved in the… |
| A) | Synthesis of cholesterol |
| B) | Synthesis of glucose |
| C) | Homeostasis of calcium |
| D) | Growth of the organism |
| E) | All of the above are correct |
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| 27 | The mineralocorticoids, such as _______ are involved in the regulation of _________. |
| A) | Aldosterone, calcium |
| B) | Cortisol, calcium |
| C) | Aldosterone, salts |
| D) | Cortisol, salts |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 28 | The adrenal medulla produces two structurally similar hormones that have similar action as … |
| A) | Parasympathetic stimulation |
| B) | Sympathetic stimulants |
| C) | The glucocorticoids |
| D) | The mineralcorticoids |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 29 | Which of the following terms is associated with the pancreas? |
| A) | Islets of Langerhans |
| B) | Cholecystokinin |
| C) | Neurohypophysis |
| D) | Infundibulum |
| E) | None of the above is correct |
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| 30 | Diabetes is a disorder associated with the hormone |
| A) | CCK |
| B) | Insulin |
| C) | Thyroxine |
| D) | Growth hormone |
| E) | All of the above are correct |
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| 31 | Compared to the nervous system, hormones typically have a slow response time and are long acting. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 32 | The adrenal gland is both endocrine and exocrine in function. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 33 | Hormones produced by the pancreas, insulin and glucagon, have synergistic effects. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 34 | The pituitary gonadotropins are GnRH and progesterone. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 35 | Which of the following is NOT correct? |
| A) | The pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin |
| B) | In nonmammalian vertebrates, the pineal gland is responsible for maintaining circadian rhythms |
| C) | The primary circadian pacemaker in mammals is the suprachiasmatic nucleus |
| D) | Temperature, not photoperiod, regulates the seasonal rhythm of birds and mammals |
| E) | All of the above are correct |
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| 36 | Growth hormone is not a particularly important metabolic hormone in young animals during growth and development. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 37 | Recent evidence suggests that leptin is more important during times of great food supply. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |