| Beijing + 5 | A meeting held at the United Nations in New
York City in 2000 to review the progress made since the
fourth World Conference on Women held in 1995.
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| civil society | The voluntary and private (not controlled by
the government) economic, cultural, and other interactions
and associations of individuals.
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| clash of civilizations | Samuel P. Huntington’s thesis (1996, 1993) that the source of future conflict will be cultural.
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| constructivism | An approach to analysis based on the notion
that our understanding of the world and our relationship to
it is based on our individual norms, experiences, and other
factors that shape our perceptions.
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| feminism | The theory of, and the struggle for, equality for women.
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| fundamentalism | Religious traditionalism and values incorporated into secular political activities.
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| globalization | A multifaceted concept that represents the
increasing integration of economics, communications, and
culture across national boundaries.
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| nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) | International (transnational) organizations with private memberships.
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| political identity | The perceived connection between an individual
and a political community (a group that has political
interest and goals) and among individuals of a political community. Nationalism is the dominant political identity of most people, but others, such as religion, do exist as a primary political identity and are becoming more common.
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| Postmodernism | This theory holds that reality does not exist
as such. Rather, reality is created by how we think and our
discourse (writing, talking). As applied to world politics,
postmodernism is the belief that we have become trapped
by stale ways of conceiving of how we organize and conduct
ourselves. Postmodernists wish, therefore, to “deconstruct”
discourse.
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| transnational advocacy networks (TANs) | IGOs, NGOs, and national organizations that are based on shared values or common interests and exchange information and services.
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| transnationalism | Extension beyond the borders of a single
country; applies to a political movement, issue, organization,
or other phenomena.
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| World Conference on Women (WCW) | A series of UN-sponsored global conferences on the status of women. Of these, the most recent was the fourth WCW held in Beijing in 1995.
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