| community | An association of people who share a common identity, including geographic boundaries, common language, and culture.
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| power | The ability to influence or cause people or groups to do certain things that they would not do otherwise.
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| authority | The exercise of legitimate power, the right to rule invested by members of the community in its leaders.
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| band | A societal type common in foraging groups and marked by egalitarian social structure and lack of specialization.
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| tribe | A type of society marked by egalitarian social structure, based on horticultural and pastoral economies, and integrated by various types of kinship organizations and sodalities.
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| headmen | Types of leaders found in tribal and chiefdom societies whose leadership is based on persuasive power. [See Big Men]
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| Big Men | Alternate term for "Headmen" common in Polynesian and Melanesian societies. [See headmen]
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| sodality | A group that cross-cuts a society and whose membership is based on common interest rather than kinship or residence.
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| pan-tribal sodality | An association group that cross-cuts a tribe and unites tribal members, not always voluntary. [See sodality]
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| chiefdom | A type of society with a hereditary office of chief, social stratification, and redistributive economy.
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| nation-state | A group that shares a common cultural heritage, territory, and legitimate political structure.
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| egalitarian society | A society where individuals within the same category of age and gender have equal access to wealth, prestige and power.
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| rank society | A society where the individual's access to prestige and wealth is limited by the number of positions available. A society may be stratified by rank such as a chiefdom.
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| stratified society | A society with unequal access to resources within the same gender and status group.
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| stratified state societies | Societies where institutions are based on coercive power and authority. There is inequality within social groupings.
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| social stratification | Ascribed and achieved differences between two classes within a society.
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| class | A group of people who have a similar relationship to wealth, power, and prestige.
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| caste | A ranked group with membership determined at birth.
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| social control | Process involving a structure and mechanisms to ensure that people do not violate the society's accepted forms of behavior.
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| deviance | The violation of an ideal pattern of behavior within a society.
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| law | The cultural rule formulated by a society and backed up by sanctions.
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