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| 1 | |
Swidden (or slash and burn) methods are used by horticulturalists primarily to |
| | A) | sterilize soils. |
| | B) | exterminate insect pests. |
| | C) | clear land. |
| | D) | add to soil nutrients. |
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| 2 | |
Typical features of horticulturalist societies include |
| | A) | extensive technology, nomadic lifestyle, property ownership, and low energy budgets. |
| | B) | intensive technology, sedentary lifestyle, minimal property ownership, and high energy budgets. |
| | C) | extensive technology, sedentary lifestyle, property ownership, and high energy budgets. |
| | D) | intensive technology, poorer nutrition, nomadic lifestyle, and strict division of labor. |
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| 3 | |
State societies are characterized by these two features that are not found in tribes or chiefdoms. |
| | A) | redistribution and generalized reciprocity. |
| | B) | divisibility of currency and economic specialization. |
| | C) | generalized reciprocity and balanced reciprocity |
| | D) | economic specialization and egalitarianism |
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| 4 | |
The pastoralist strategy of moving cattle seasonally for grazing purposes is described as: |
| | A) | nomadic pastoralism. |
| | B) | nomadism. |
| | C) | redistribution. |
| | D) | transhumance. |
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| 5 | |
The negative consequences of early agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | improved nutrition. |
| | B) | potential for starvation. |
| | C) | increase in infectious diseases. |
| | D) | increase in enamel defects. |
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| 6 | |
Carrying capacity is increased in _________ and _________ societies, resulting in larger populations. |
| | A) | horticulturalist and agriculturalist |
| | B) | foraging and horticulturalist |
| | C) | pastoralist and agriculturalist |
| | D) | foraging and pastoralist |
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| 7 | |
The Kula ring, found among the Trobriand Islanders, refers to |
| | A) | generalized reciprocity. |
| | B) | a complex system of balanced reciprocity. |
| | C) | a type of money made from shells. |
| | D) | a symbolic system of communication between clans or kinship groups. |
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| 8 | |
The earliest domesticated plant in the Americas was probably |
| | A) | maize. |
| | B) | chenopodium. |
| | C) | plantains. |
| | D) | rice. |
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| 9 | |
Negative reciprocity typically takes place among |
| | A) | foragers. |
| | B) | kin. |
| | C) | horticulturalists. |
| | D) | unrelated individuals |
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| 10 | |
The Yanomamo peoples are native to: |
| | A) | North America |
| | B) | South America |
| | C) | southeast Asia |
| | D) | Africa |
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