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CONTEXT

Dubois, The Souls of Black Folk (1903)

Pound, Personae (1909)

Frost, Boy’s Will, North of Boston(1914)

Yeats, The Wild Swans at Coole (1919)

"Negro Speaks of Rivers" (Crisis, 1921)

Eliot, The Wasteland; McKay, Harlem Shadows (1922)

Williams, Spring and All; Stevens, Harmonium; Toomer, Cane (1923)

Cullen, Color (1925)

The Weary Blues(1926)

Frost, West-Running Brook(1928)

Mule-Bone (w/ Hurston) (1931—32)

The Ways of White Folks (1934)

Mulatto (1935)

Frost, A Further Range (1936)

The Big Sea; Wright, Native Son (1940)

Brooks, A Street in Bronzeville (1945)

Pound, Cantos (1948)

Montage of a Dream Deferred (1951)

Ellison, Invisible Man (1952)

I Wonder As I Wander(1956)

Hansberry, Raisin in the Sun (1959)

Olsen, Tell Me a Riddle (1961)

Jericho-Jim Crow (1964)

Plath, Ariel (1965)

The Panther and the Lash (post., 1967)

1900

1965

Hughes born in Joplin, MS (1902)

NAACP founded (1909)

NAACP’s Crisis begins publication (1910)

W.C. Handy releases "Memphis Blues"(1912)

World War I (1914—18)

Russian Revolution (1917)

Prohibition ratified in U.S. (1919)

Hughes enrolls at Columbia U. (1921)

Hughes travels to W. Africa and Europe as steward on freighters (1922)

Harlem Renaissance flourishes (1920s)

Hughes attends Lincoln U. (1926—29)

The Jazz Singer(1927), first sound film;Lindbergh crosses Atlantic (1927)

Stock market crash (1929); start of Great Depression

Hughes visits USSR and Cuba (1931—32)

Nazis gain control of Germany (1933)

Hughes covers Spanish Civil War (1936—39)

World War II (1939—45); U.S. drops atomic bomb on Japan (1945)

Germany divided (1949)

Korean War (1950—53)

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Cuban Revolution (1959)

Lunch-counter sit-ins in South (1960)

Cuban Missile crisis (1962)

Kennedy assassinated (1963)

U.S. enters Vietnam; Malcolm X assassinated; Watts riots (L.A.) (1965)

Hughes dies on May 22 (1967)