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Multiple Choice Quiz

1
Which of the following theories argue that all members of society subscribe to one set of middle class cultural values?
A)cultural deviance theories
B)strain theories
C)cultural conflict theories
D)interactionist theories
2
Which term did Emile Durkheim use to refer to the breakdown in social order resulting from the loss of standards and values?
A)anomie
B)functionalism
C)abnormality
D)strain
3
According to Durkheim's research, persons are more likely to commit anomic suicide:
A)when they are Catholics
B)after suffering periods of insanity.
C)during times of sudden economic change.
D)when people are well oriented to social values.
4
What did Robert Merton suggest leads to social strain or pressure?
A)depression
B)disparity between goals and means to achieve them
C)biological limits
D)increased social integration
5
Which term did Gunnar Myrdal use to describe societal members who lack education and skills necessary to compete with the rest of the world?
A)anomic poor
B)truly disadvantaged
C)impoverished
D)underclass
6
The mystique of success is reinforced by rags-to-riches stories such as Ray Kroc, a high school dropout that created:
A)the National Basketball Association.
B)Microsoft.
C)McDonalds.
D)computers.
7
Which of the following adaptations is most likely to be criminal, according to Merton's strain theory?
A)conformity
B)innovation
C)ritualism
D)retreatism
8
Which of the following factors does the work of David Brownfield associate with violent behavior?
A)race
B)job skills
C)education
D)poverty
9
Which of the following factors did Judith and Peter Blau suggest was related to violent crime?
A)racial inequality
B)age disparity
C)broken homes
D)unemployment
10
Which of the following factors is likely to reduce crime, according to Steven Messner and Richard Rosenfeld?
A)increased devotion to the American dream
B)citizen votes
C)devaluing the societal push of education for learning
D)reducing the preoccupation with monetary and material success
11
What two elements did sociologist Robert Agnew add to Merton's strain theory to explain criminal behavior?
A)anger and frustration
B)love and hate
C)jealousy and envy
D)empathy and apathy
12
Which of the following prevention programs was not a result of the tenets of strain theory?
A)Head Start
B)Neighborhood Watch
C)Perry Preschool Project
D)Job Corps
13
Which of the following groups would be an example of cultural deviance?
A)German-Americans in New York
B)Blacks in Chicago
C)Amish in Pennsylvania
D)Asians in San Francisco
14
Which university are scholars of social disorganization theory commonly associated with?
A)University of Chicago
B)Florida State University
C)Harvard University
D)Princeton
15
Which type of analysis did Robert Park and Ernest Burgess incorporate into the study of human society?
A)philosophical
B)ecological
C)psychological
D)socio-psychological
16
The phenomenon of delinquency being transmitted from one generation to the next is referred to as:
A)spatial processing.
B)deviance broadcasting.
C)cultural transmission.
D)criminal conducting.
17
Which of the following factors did Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay find was not associated with rates of delinquency?
A)areas with high rates of truancy had high crime rates
B)delinquency occurs in central business areas and decreases with distance from the center
C)ethnicity is not related to high rates of delinquency
D)homeownership is related to delinquency rates
18
Which of the following is a primary criticism of social disorganization theories?
A)they ignore environmental influences
B)they fail to address how crime patterns begin
C)the research period used is too short
D)the theories are too old and dated
19
Which highly successful crime prevention program initiated in 1991 was a direct result of social disorganization theory?
A)Chicago Area Project
B)Housing and Urban Development
C)Peace Corps
D)Operation Weed and Seed
20
Edwin Sutherland's differential association theory contended criminal behavior is:
A)learned through social interaction.
B)a result of deteriorated social environments.
C)a result of cultural conflict.
D)unrealistic societal expectations.





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