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| 1.
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Which of the following best describes the meaning of law? |
| | A) | Rules, which if broken, result in a penalty or sanction. |
| | B) | Method of settling disputes between two parties. |
| | C) | Framework that helps guide human conduct and control behavior. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 2.
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Which source of law was named to distinguish itself from church law? |
| | A) | Common law |
| | B) | Equity law |
| | C) | Constitutional law |
| | D) | Tribunal law |
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| 3.
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The legal concept stare decisis is a principle whereby courts should attempt to: |
| | A) | Decide each outcome on an individual, case-by-case basis. |
| | B) | Overrule previous decisions on a frequent basis. |
| | C) | Establish a sound factual basis and rationale for making its decision. |
| | D) | Abide by past decisions when ruling upon a case. |
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| 4.
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In terms of the thinking process that's involved, common law represents: |
| | A) | Deductive logic. |
| | B) | Inductive logic. |
| | C) | Utilitarian logic. |
| | D) | Both A and B are correct. |
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| 5.
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If someone claims that their free speech rights have been violated, what type of law are they likely challenging? |
| | A) | Administrative |
| | B) | Executive |
| | C) | Constitutional |
| | D) | Equity |
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| 6.
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Which source of law is derived from legislation? |
| | A) | Judicial |
| | B) | Equity |
| | C) | Statutory |
| | D) | Common |
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| 7.
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When the U.S. Supreme Court establishes a precedent, it may be overruled by: |
| | A) | A state supreme court. |
| | B) | The President of the United States. |
| | C) | Any of the U.S. appellate courts. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 8.
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If you came across New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964), you would realize from its citation that: |
| | A) | You may find the Supreme Court's opinion for the New York Times' appeal against Sullivan in volume 376, page 254 of United States Reports. |
| | B) | You may find the Supreme Court's opinion for the New York Times' appeal against Sullivan in volume 254, page 376 of United States Reports. |
| | C) | You may find the Supreme Court's opinion for Sullivan's appeal against the New York Times in volume 376, page 254 of United States Reports. |
| | D) | You may find the Supreme Court's opinion for Sullivan's appeal against the New York Times in volume 254, page 376 of United States Reports. |
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| 9.
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A corporation requesting a restraining order to bar the publication of damaging material would be seeking: |
| | A) | Constitutional law. |
| | B) | Executive law. |
| | C) | Equity law. |
| | D) | Common law. |
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| 10.
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Which type of laws must comply with the U.S. Constitution? |
| | A) | Federal laws |
| | B) | State laws |
| | C) | Local laws |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 11.
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Under the guidance of statutory construction, judges: |
| | A) | Ignore past precedent to provide a contemporary remedy. |
| | B) | Create and file bills with legislators. |
| | C) | Consider the legislative intent of a statute to determine its meaning. |
| | D) | Overturn existing legislation through the awarding of damages. |
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| 12.
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A law may be found to be overbroad on the basis that it: |
| | A) | Is too difficult to clearly discern what activity is limited. |
| | B) | Limits more activity than necessary to address the problem. |
| | C) | Restricts only the activity that is absolutely necessary to address the problem. |
| | D) | Fails to limit enough activity to effectively remedy the problem. |
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| 13.
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A law may be found to be vague on the basis that it: |
| | A) | Is too difficult to clearly discern what activity is limited. |
| | B) | Limits more activity than necessary to address the problem. |
| | C) | Restricts only the activity that is absolutely necessary to address the problem. |
| | D) | Fails to limit enough activity to effectively remedy the problem. |
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| 14.
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Courts may overturn decisions made by administrative agencies like the Federal Communications Commission when: |
| | A) | The agency has gathered too much information on which to make its decision. |
| | B) | The courts determine the agency has exceeded its own authority. |
| | C) | The courts believe the agency does not possess the necessary expertise to carry out its day-to-day responsibilities. |
| | D) | The agency receives too much lobbying from special interest groups. |
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| 15.
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When a court distinguishes a precedent, it: |
| | A) | Takes into account contemporary circumstances to change an existing precedent. |
| | B) | Emphasizes the significance of a particular precedent to the rest of society. |
| | C) | Signifies a situational difference between the current facts of the case and that of the precedent. |
| | D) | Completely disregards existing precedent to make its decision. |
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| 16.
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Unlike statutes, common law generally deals with: |
| | A) | Resolving issues involving individual grievances and concerns. |
| | B) | Addressing larger social concerns. |
| | C) | Devising a remedy to anticipate and prevent problems. |
| | D) | Creating amendments to the U.S. Constitution. |
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| 17.
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Executive orders and declarations may be issued by: |
| | A) | The President of the United States. |
| | B) | The Mayor of New York City. |
| | C) | The Governor of Florida. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 18.
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Regulations pertaining to advertising and broadcasting fall under which type of law? |
| | A) | Constitutional |
| | B) | Statutory |
| | C) | Common |
| | D) | Administrative |
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| 19.
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What is a main difference between trial courts and appellate courts? |
| | A) | Trial courts find facts, while appellate courts review the application of law. |
| | B) | Trial courts review the application of law, while appellate courts find facts. |
| | C) | Both trial and appellate courts play dual roles in ascertaining facts and applying law. |
| | D) | Trial courts are more important in setting precedent. |
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| 20.
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Why is the power of judicial review important to the notion of a free press? |
| | A) | It allows judges to enforce gag orders against the media. |
| | B) | It provides journalists with the ability to critique court decisions. |
| | C) | It enables courts to strike down laws that infringe upon the U.S. Constitution. |
| | D) | It gives Congress the power to overturn court cases by enacting legislation. |
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| 21.
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If a citizen living in Minnesota brings forth a libel suit against a television station in Iowa, what type of jurisdiction would be involved? |
| | A) | State |
| | B) | Federal |
| | C) | Original |
| | D) | Appellate |
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| 22.
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The most common manner for a case to be heard by the U.S. Supreme Court is through: |
| | A) | Direct Appeal. |
| | B) | Original Jurisdiction. |
| | C) | Writ of Certiorari. |
| | D) | Amici Curiae. |
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| 23.
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When the Supreme Court issues a concurring opinion in a case, it means that: |
| | A) | At least one justice has agreed with the outcome of the majority’s decision but disagrees with the majority’s reasoning. |
| | B) | At least one justice has disagreed with both the outcome and reasoning of the majority opinion. |
| | C) | The Court failed to reach majority consensus. |
| | D) | The Court refused to hear the case and remanded it back for lower court review. |
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| 24.
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Which of the following statements best characterizes the legal relationship between an individual state and the federal constitution? |
| | A) | Depending on jurisdiction, a particular law may be compliant with a state constitution but not the U.S. Constitution. |
| | B) | A state constitution may further enhance the liberties guaranteed under the U.S. Constitution. |
| | C) | The U.S. Constitution and all state constitutions possess equal power. |
| | D) | It is much easier to amend the powers of the U.S. Constitution than a state constitution. |
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| 25.
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In terms of legal terminology, when an individual files an invasion of privacy suit against a reporter, the reporter becomes the: |
| | A) | Plaintiff. |
| | B) | Defendant. |
| | C) | Repsondent. |
| | D) | Appellant. |
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