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| 1.
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Laws addressing news-gathering practices have strong support and basis within: |
| | A) | Constitutional law. |
| | B) | Common law. |
| | C) | The First Amendment. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 2.
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In Houchins v. KQED (1978), the Supreme Court ruled: |
| | A) | The press has a right to access prisons beyond supervised tours. |
| | B) | The press does not have a right to access prisons beyond supervised tours. |
| | C) | The press has a right to interview specific prison inmates. |
| | D) | The press does not have a right to interview specific inmates. |
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| 3.
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In almost all instances, courts have found that the press: |
| | A) | Enjoys a greater First Amendment right to access information and meetings than ordinary citizens. |
| | B) | Enjoys a reduced First Amendment right to access information and meetings than ordinary citizens. |
| | C) | Is on equal footing when it comes to a First Amendment right to access information and meeting than ordinary citizens. |
| | D) | Enjoys a greater First Amendment right of access than ordinary citizens, but only to attend prison executions. |
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| 4.
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As a result of the precedent enunciated in Richmond Newspaper v. Virginia (1980): |
| | A) | The First Amendment provides a right of access to attend civil trials. |
| | B) | The First Amendment provides a right of access to attend criminal trials. |
| | C) | Both A & B are correct. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 5.
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Reporters entering private property to gather news: |
| | A) | Are shielded under immunity from trespass laws because they are not committing acts of theft. |
| | B) | May enter to cover breaking stories if they receive the permission from a government official, such as a firefighter or police officer. |
| | C) | May find complete immunity from trespass laws, just as long as they receive either direct or implied consent from the property owner. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 6.
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Based on the finding of U.S. v. Matthews (2000), a journalist who traded and received child pornography while conducting an investigative report may expect to be: |
| | A) | Prosecuted for breaking federal child pornography laws. |
| | B) | Immune from prosecution because the journalist was merely gathering news that was vital to a story. |
| | C) | Immune from prosecution because the Internet is generally ungovernable. |
| | D) | May invoke the Fifth Amendment as a shield against prosecution. |
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| 7.
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As demonstrated in Desnick v. American Broadcasting Companies (1995), the press may be immune from trespass suits when gathering information on private property: |
| | A) | If the property is part of a business that is open to the public. |
| | B) | If reporters are using hidden cameras and refrain from recording audio. |
| | C) | If reporters are posing as employees. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 8.
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Based upon the U.S. Supreme Court rulings in Wilson v. Layne (1999) and Hanlon v. Berger (1999): |
| | A) | Law enforcement officials and reporters may face liability for participating in media ride-a-longs. |
| | B) | Reporters enjoy immunity and possess a First Amendment right to participate in media ride-a-longs. |
| | C) | The Fourth Amendment protects private property owners from media-ride-a-longs. |
| | D) | Both A and C are correct. |
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| 9.
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According to a federal appellate court ruling in Rice v. Kempker (2004), the First Amendment: |
| | A) | Provides a right to videotape executions. |
| | B) | Provides a right to witness executions. |
| | C) | Does not provide a right to videotape executions. |
| | D) | Does not provide a right to witness executions. |
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| 10.
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Based upon the rulings of Special Force Ministries v. WCCO Television (1998) and Food Lion v. Capital Cities (1999), journalists who lie about their backgrounds to obtain a position for an undercover report: |
| | A) | May be cleared from any trespass, fraud or breach of contract claims, even if they use the information to defame a business or organization. |
| | B) | Are only immune from fraud claims. |
| | C) | Are protected from any trespass, fraud or breach of contract claims as long as the information obtained is completely accurate. |
| | D) | May be found liable for committing fraud. |
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| 11.
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In Veilleux v. National Broadcasting Co. (2000), the First Circuit Court of Appeals determined: |
| | A) | Reporters may be held responsible for misrepresentation, even if they uncover truthful information. |
| | B) | Reporters may be held responsible for misrepresentation if they fail to fulfill a promise not to use a specific source in a story. |
| | C) | Reporters may be held responsible for misrepresentation when they do not follow their commitment to present a positive view of a source. |
| | D) | Both B and C are correct. |
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| 12.
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In terms of recording materials: |
| | A) | Some states require the consent of all parties before recording a conversation. |
| | B) | A few states prohibit the secret recording of video. |
| | C) | A majority of states require only one-party consent before recording a conversation. |
| | D) | It is wise for a journalist to become familiar with the applicable state laws. |
| | E) | All of the above. |
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| 13.
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The case of National Archives and Records Administration v. Favish (2004) centered on which one of the following FOIA exemptions? |
| | A) | Exemption 4. |
| | B) | Exemption 5. |
| | C) | Exemption 6. |
| | D) | Exemption 7. |
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| 14.
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The Electronic Freedom of Information Act amends FOIA by requiring the government to: |
| | A) | Provide electronic access to all of its classified information. |
| | B) | Extend the same standards of disclosure to electronic records. |
| | C) | Define what constitutes electronic information. |
| | D) | Covert to an entirely electronic format for archiving and recording all of its information. |
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| 15.
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Which of the following agencies are exempt from FOIA? |
| | A) | National Security Council. |
| | B) | Office of the Counsel to the President. |
| | C) | Council of Economic Advisors. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 16.
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If information falls under one of FOIA's nine exemptions, federal agencies: |
| | A) | May block the release of the exempted information. |
| | B) | Must block the release of the exempted information. |
| | C) | Must release the exempted information. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 17.
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In Center for National Security Studies et al. v. U.S. Dept. of Justice (2003), the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District Court of Columbia ruled the Justice Department under FOIA: |
| | A) | Must release all of the names of suspected terrorists who have been wiretapped. |
| | B) | May keep the names of foreign detainees secret who are being held in conjunction with the investigation of the Sept, 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. |
| | C) | May bar the publication of information related to weapons of mass destruction. |
| | D) | May not classify protective security measures taken at U.S. airports |
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| 18.
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The Homeland Security Act of 2002: |
| | A) | Protects the release of critical infrastructure information that is voluntarily submitted to the federal government by private persons and businesses. |
| | B) | Protects the release of the person's name or business entity supplying critical infrastructure information. |
| | C) | Provides civil immunity to companies for the critical infrastructure information that they disclose to the federal government |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 19.
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The United States Supreme Court's ruling in National Archives and Records Administration v. Favish (2004) can be seen as: |
| | A) | A victory for relational privacy. |
| | B) | A victory for access to information. |
| | C) | A victory for privacy of personnel files. |
| | D) | A defeat for privacy of personnel files. |
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| 20.
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What should a reporter do if a government body announces that a meeting is going into an executive session? |
| | A) | Make sure that the topics to be discussed have been identified. |
| | B) | If the reporter believes the meeting is being closed improperly, he or she should formally object and request members to identify the provision for closing the meeting. |
| | C) | If the meeting will remain closed, ask when the session will end and be reopened to the public. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 21.
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What is an effective weapon for a reporter who has been asked to leave a government meeting? |
| | A) | Exercising peaceful resistance if asked repeatedly to leave. |
| | B) | Leaving quietly without asking any questions. |
| | C) | Publicizing the meeting occurred in secret. |
| | D) | Immediately recording information, either on tape or video. |
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| 22.
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The federal HIPAA law relates to the privacy of what type of documents? |
| | A) | Personnel files. |
| | B) | Medical files. |
| | C) | Student files. |
| | D) | Military records. |
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| 23.
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Laws governing access to information and open meetings in the U.S. include: |
| | A) | The Freedom of Information Act. |
| | B) | The Government in Sunshine Act. |
| | C) | Each state's open-meeting laws. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 24.
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As part of the General Education Provisions Act, the Buckley Amendment: |
| | A) | Prohibits parents from obtaining their children's educational records, including grade reports. |
| | B) | Prevents the distribution of student records or files to the public, including social security numbers. |
| | C) | Requires universities to detail and release information about campus crimes. |
| | D) | Restricts the press from accessing public school grounds. |
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| 25.
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The Privacy Act of 1974 attempts to: |
| | A) | Provide individuals with access to their own federal agency records. |
| | B) | Limit the amount of information that may be collected on individuals by a federal agency. |
| | C) | Restrict the ability of federal agencies to release personally identifiable information. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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