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| 1 | |
Basic research is best described as |
| | A) | research that does not occur in a controlled setting. |
| | B) | research with the intent of expanding knowledge for its own sake. |
| | C) | research with the intent of solving practical problems in the modern world. |
| | D) | research that is much simpler than applied research. |
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| 2 | |
Dr. Smith has conducted a study on the effects of a particular teaching strategy on student learning. A local elementary school is now modifying its curriculum based on Dr. Smith's findings. Which of the following goals of psychology does the school's curriculum change reflect? |
| | A) | Predict |
| | B) | Understand |
| | C) | Describe |
| | D) | Apply |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following terms suggest that the mind is a spiritual entity not governed by the rules of the body (i.e., that the mind and body are separate)? |
| | A) | British empiricism |
| | B) | Mind-body dualism |
| | C) | Monism |
| | D) | Structuralism |
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| 4 | |
Dr. Brown is a psychologist who focuses on how early experiences with caregivers shape the views that people form of themselves and others. Which of the following best describes Dr. Brown? |
| | A) | She is a cognitive behaviorist. |
| | B) | She is an object relations theorist. |
| | C) | She is a structuralist. |
| | D) | She is a functionalist. |
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| 5 | |
Dr. Chen believes that most psychological disorders are a result of unconscious conflicts. Dr. Chen's views most resemble the |
| | A) | cognitive perspective. |
| | B) | psychodynamic perspective. |
| | C) | behavioral perspective. |
| | D) | humanistic perspective. |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following theorists is associated with the behavioral perspective? |
| | A) | Abraham Maslow |
| | B) | Sigmund Freud |
| | C) | Ivan Pavlov |
| | D) | Carl Rogers |
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| 7 | |
Dr. Weiss maintains that the environment plays the most critical role in determining human behavior and that humans are products of their learning experiences. Which perspective does Dr. Weiss's view most resemble? |
| | A) | Humanistic perspective |
| | B) | Psychodynamic perspective |
| | C) | Behavioral perspective |
| | D) | Cognitive perspective |
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| 8 | |
The _______________ perspective emphasizes that each individual is unique, has free will, and is striving towards personal fulfillment. |
| | A) | psychodynamic |
| | B) | behavioral |
| | C) | humanistic |
| | D) | sociocultural |
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| 9 | |
Dr. Wood is investigating the effects of certain cognitive tasks, such as problem solving, on the brain. He uses brain imaging techniques and electrical recording in his observations. Dr. Wood is most likely a(n) |
| | A) | evolutionary psychologist. |
| | B) | behavioral geneticist. |
| | C) | neurobiologist. |
| | D) | cognitive neuroscientist. |
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| 10 | |
According to the sociocultural perspective, ___________ drive much of human behavior. |
| | A) | neurological mechanisms |
| | B) | genes |
| | C) | norms |
| | D) | unconscious impulses |
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| 11 | |
Dr. Gomez is studying the biological components of emotion. Dr. Gomez is most likely a |
| | A) | behavioral neuroscientist. |
| | B) | behavioral psychologist. |
| | C) | cognitive neuroscientist. |
| | D) | humanistic psychologist. |
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| 12 | |
The principle of ____________ suggests that those who are best able to adapt to their environment will be the most likely to survive and reproduce. |
| | A) | natural selection |
| | B) | genetic selection |
| | C) | behavioral selection |
| | D) | environmental selection |
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| 13 | |
John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner proposed that the environment and learning determine human behavior. Watson and Skinner were |
| | A) | functionalists. |
| | B) | behaviorists. |
| | C) | structuralists. |
| | D) | humanists. |
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| 14 | |
Which of the following approaches holds that knowledge is best gained through observation [CDATA[–]] that is, through the senses? |
| | A) | British empiricism |
| | B) | Functionalism |
| | C) | The psychodynamic approach |
| | D) | Structuralism |
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| 15 | |
If a psychologist were to present you with a stimulus such as a strawberry and ask you to report the basic elements of an experience you had many years ago, such as texture, shape, smell, and taste, what would you most likely conclude the psychologist is doing? |
| | A) | The psychologist is a cognitive neuroscientist. |
| | B) | The psychologist is using a method of introspection. |
| | C) | The psychologist is conducting applied research. |
| | D) | The psychologist is a behavioral neuroscientist. |
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