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| 1 | |
Tom has just remembered that he has a term paper due next week. Tom wants to do very well on this term paper, as it will count as a substantial portion of his final course grade. Tom's assessment of how important his grade is on this term paper is best described as a(n) |
| | A) | primary appraisal. |
| | B) | appraisal of personal meaning. |
| | C) | secondary appraisal |
| | D) | analysis of the consequences. |
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| 2 | |
Based on the general adaptation syndrome, during the _____________stage, the body adapts to the stressor it has been exposed to. |
| | A) | alarm |
| | B) | adaptation |
| | C) | exhaustion |
| | D) | resistance |
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| 3 | |
Based on the general adaptation syndrome, during the ______________ stage, the body's ability to resist disease is nearly eliminated. |
| | A) | alarm |
| | B) | debilitation |
| | C) | exhaustion |
| | D) | resistance |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following statements concerning stress and illness is true? |
| | A) | There is evidence that stress can negatively affect short- and long-term health. |
| | B) | There is evidence that stress can negatively affect short-term health but not long-term health. |
| | C) | There is evidence that stress can negatively affect long-term health but not short-term health. |
| | D) | No evidence has been found for a relationship between stress and negative effects on health. |
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| 5 | |
Marcelle lacks a social support network, has poor coping skills, tends to bottle up her feelings, and easily becomes anxious. Which of the following statements about Marcelle is true? |
| | A) | Marcelle probably has a reduced ability to resist the negative impact of stress. |
| | B) | Marcelle is likely to be high in psychological hardiness. |
| | C) | Marcelle has several protective factors. |
| | D) | Marcelle has several vulnerability factors. |
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| 6 | |
___________ is a stress hormone that reduces immune system functioning. |
| | A) | Leptin |
| | B) | Serotonin |
| | C) | Cortisol |
| | D) | Catecholamine |
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| 7 | |
Bill has a tendency to be very competitive, quick to anger, and aggressive. Bill can best be described as having a |
| | A) | low level of psychological hardiness. |
| | B) | Type A behavior pattern. |
| | C) | Type B behavior pattern. |
| | D) | Type C behavior pattern. |
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| 8 | |
The three C's of psychological hardiness are |
| | A) | consistency, caution, and competition. |
| | B) | commitment, control, and challenge. |
| | C) | conviction, control, and challenge. |
| | D) | commitment, caution, and consistency. |
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| 9 | |
Of the three hardiness components, ___________ appears to be the strongest component in moderating the effects of stress. |
| | A) | control |
| | B) | caution |
| | C) | commitment |
| | D) | challenge |
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| 10 | |
Maxine has just been fired from her job. She is very upset and decides to call her friend to talk about it. Maxine is engaging in |
| | A) | anger-focused coping. |
| | B) | problem-focused coping. |
| | C) | seeking social support. |
| | D) | solution-focused coping. |
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| 11 | |
In a study investigating longevity, the best predictor of how long people lived was their __________. |
| | A) | number of hours exercised per week. |
| | B) | physical health. |
| | C) | social support. |
| | D) | attitude towards aging. |
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| 12 | |
When it comes to coping strategies, according to research, which one is best? |
| | A) | Having the ability to either bottle up feelings or disclose what one is feeling |
| | B) | Bottling up one's feelings |
| | C) | Openly expressing feelings when the situation is extremely stressful and bottling up feelings when the situation is only mildly stressful |
| | D) | Openly expressing one's feelings |
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| 13 | |
Isabelle has recently been under a great deal of stress. In an effort to deal positively with this stress, Isabelle decides to spend 20 minutes a day clearing her mind of everything. This technique is called |
| | A) | cognitive relaxation. |
| | B) | somatic relaxation training. |
| | C) | self-instructional training. |
| | D) | cognitive restructuring. |
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| 14 | |
Which of the following statements concerning the role of endorphins in pain perception is true? |
| | A) | Endorphins inhibit the release of neurotransmitters involved in the transmission of pain impulses. |
| | B) | Endorphins promote the release of neurotransmitters involved in the transmission of pain impulses. |
| | C) | Endorphins have an effect that is identical to that of morphine. |
| | D) | Endorphin activity is present only in the amygdala, the emotion center of the brain. |
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| 15 | |
Rita is in her 40s and has avoided aerobic exercise for most of her adult life. Although her family has expressed concern and her doctor has told her that lack of aerobic exercise is bad for her heart, Rita does not see her lack of activity as a problem. According to the transtheoretical model, Rita is at the ____________ stage. |
| | A) | maintenance |
| | B) | termination |
| | C) | contemplation |
| | D) | precontemplation |
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| 16 | |
Rebecca smoked cigarettes for several years. With the help of her doctor, Rebecca has been able to abstain from smoking for the past six months. According to the transtheoretical model, Rebecca is at the ____________ stage. |
| | A) | maintenance |
| | B) | action |
| | C) | termination |
| | D) | contemplation |
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