(See related pages)
These objectives are expanded from the Focus Questions found in the margins of your textbook. When you have mastered the material in this chapter, you will be able to:
|
|
|
3.1 Define evolution, and describe Darwin's principle of natural selection. |
|
|
|
3.2 Describe the importance of adaptations, including how bipedal locomotion and enhanced brain development were adaptive in human evolution. |
|
|
|
3.3 Outline behavioral adaptations that have been identified in human evolution. |
|
|
|
3.4 Describe how evolutionary psychologists use both remote and proximate factors to explain behavioral phenomena. |
|
|
|
3.5 Differentiate between genotype and phenotype. |
|
|
|
3.6 Explain how dominant, recessive, and polygenic characteristics are transmitted from parents to offspring. |
|
|
|
3.7 Describe research methods in behavioral genetics, including adoption and twin studies and recombinant DNA procedures. |
|
|
|
3.8 Define heritability, and explain why it is important to the field of behavioral genetics. |
|
|
|
3.9 Describe the structures and functions of neurons and glial cells. |
|
|
|
3.10 Describe how action potentials assist in synaptic transmission. |
|
|
|
3.11 Define myelin sheath, and describe how it affects neural communication. |
|
|
|
3.12 Describe the roles of neurotransmitters, synapses, and receptor sites in nervous system activity. |
|
|
|
3.13 Describe how neurotransmitters have excitatory or inhibitory effects on synaptic transmission. |
|
|
|
3.14 Describe the primary functions of acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, and endorphins and the disorders associated with having too much or too little of each. |
|
|
|
3.15 Differentiate between agonist drugs and antagonist drugs, and list examples of each. |
|
|
|
3.16 List and describe the three major types of neurons. |
|
|
|
3.17 Differentiate between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, and describe the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system and their functions. |
|
|
|
3.18 Name the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system, and describe their functions. |
|
|
|
3.19 Describe the two main structures of the central nervous system. |
|
|
|
3.20 Describe the role of the spinal cord in reflexes. |
|
|
|
3.21 Describe the methods used by scientists to study the brain. |
|
|
|
3.22 Name and describe the functions of the structures in the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain. |
|
|
|
3.23 Describe the various functions of the cerebral cortex, and identify the areas associated with each on a diagram of the brain. |
|
|
|
3.24 Describe the purpose, methods, and results of research on the role of frontal lobe functioning and violence by Stoddard, Raine, Bihrle, and Buchsbaum (1997). |
|
|
|
3.25 Describe the role of the corpus callosum in lateralization of the cerebral hemispheres. |
|
|
|
3.26 Describe the split-brain studies. |
|
|
|
3.27 Describe neural plasticity as it relates to brain development and recovery from brain damage. |
|
|
|
3.28 Describe how the brain interacts with the endocrine and immune systems. |