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These objectives are expanded from the Focus Questions found in the margins of your textbook. When you have mastered the material in this chapter, you will be able to:
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5.1 Define the characteristics of consciousness. |
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5.2 Describe three ways scientists measure states of consciousness. |
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5.3 Contrast the psychodynamic and cognitive views of the mind, and contrast controlled and automatic processing. |
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5.4 Describe how visual agnosia, blindsight, and priming illustrate unconscious processing. |
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5.5 Describe how consciousness enhances our ability to adapt to our environment. |
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5.6 Describe how scientists identify brain pathways involved in conscious versus unconscious processing. |
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5.7 Describe the global workspace view of consciousness. |
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5.8 Identify and describe the brain structures involved in maintaining circadian rhythms. |
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5.9 Describe conditions associated with disrupted circadian rhythms and interventions used to treat associated problems. |
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5.10 Differentiate between patterns of brain waves associated with stages of slow wave and REM sleep. |
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5.11 Identify brain structures associated with sleep, and describe how environmental and cultural factors affect sleep. |
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5.12 Describe how sleep changes as we age. |
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5.13 Describe the types of sleep deprivation and their effects on functioning. |
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5.14 Describe the theories regarding the purposes of sleep, including the restoration model, the evolutionary/circadian model, and the memory consolidation model. |
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5.15 Identify the symptoms and potential causes of insomnia, narcolepsy, REM-sleep behavior disorder, sleepwalking, nightmares, night terrors, and sleep apnea. |
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5.16 Identify which stages of sleep are most closely associated with dreaming. |
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5.17 Outline research findings on the content of dreams. |
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5.18 Describe theories regarding the purposes of dreaming, including wish fulfillment, activation-synthesis theory, problem solving models, and cognitive-process theories. |
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5.19 Contrast daydreams with nighttime dreams. |
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5.20 Describe how agonist and antagonist drugs affect neurotransmitters. |
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5.21 Define tolerance and withdrawal, explain how they are influenced by classical conditioning, and explain how they are involved in the diagnosis of substance dependence. |
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5.22 Describe and be able to recognize examples of the effects of the major drug classes—including depressants, stimulants, opiates, hallucinogens, and marijuana—on the nervous system and behavior. |
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5.23 Describe the purpose, methods, and results of the study on driving and alcohol myopia conducted by MacDonald, Zanna, and Fong (1995). |
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5.24 Use the three levels of analysis to describe how the interaction of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors explains drug use and dependence. |
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5.25 Define hypnosis and hypnotic susceptibility. |
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5.26 Describe research findings on hypnosis with regards to involuntary behaviors, pain tolerance, hypnotic amnesia, and memory enhancement. |
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5.27 Contrast dissociation and social cognitive theories of hypnosis, and explain how proponents of each theory understand brain activity during hypnosis. |