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| 1 | |
Incoming visual and auditory information is initially processed in |
| | A) | sensory memory. |
| | B) | working memory. |
| | C) | short-term memory. |
| | D) | long-term memory. |
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| 2 | |
Melissa is attempting to remember a list of 22 items. Knowing the limitations of short-term memory, what would you suggest Melissa do? |
| | A) | Melissa should overlearn the material. |
| | B) | Melissa should engage in maintenance rehearsal. |
| | C) | Melissa should engage in chunking. |
| | D) | Melissa should rely on structural encoding. |
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| 3 | |
Marcus is attempting to remember a list of 20 words. When asked to recall the list of words, he is most successful in recalling items at the beginning and end of the list and not very successful at recalling those words in the middle of the list. Marcus's performance is best described by |
| | A) | The serial position effect |
| | B) | The effect of elaborative rehearsal |
| | C) | The misinformation effect |
| | D) | The concept of schema |
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| 4 | |
Dr. Davis is investigating the effects of elaborative rehearsal on recall of a list of words. He randomly assigns participants into 3 groups. Group 1 is asked count the letters of each word in the list. Group 2 is asked to count the number of syllables in each word. Group 3 is asked to rate the pleasantness of each word. Based on what you have learned, which group would you expect to recall the most words? |
| | A) | Group 3 |
| | B) | Group 2 |
| | C) | Group 1 |
| | D) | There likely will be no difference between the three groups. |
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| 5 | |
Dana is attempting to remember a list of items on a shopping list. She forms an image of her house and mentally places each item on the list in different locations throughout her house. Dana now associates each location in her house with different items on the list. Which of the following best describes this process? |
| | A) | Method of loci |
| | B) | Neural network theory |
| | C) | The development of a schema |
| | D) | Context-dependent memory |
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| 6 | |
Your memory for your high-school graduation is part of your |
| | A) | semantic memory. |
| | B) | implicit memory. |
| | C) | episodic memory. |
| | D) | procedural memory. |
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| 7 | |
Last week Julio had a cold and was taking cold medication every day prior to coming to his Biology class. He has an exam on Monday and no longer has a cold. Based on what you know about state-dependent memory, under what conditions will Julio's memory for what he learned last week be best? |
| | A) | His memory for the material will be best if he takes the exam in the same classroom where he learned the material. |
| | B) | His memory for the material will be best if he takes the exam at a time of day other than that during which he learned the material. |
| | C) | His memory for the material will be best if he takes the test under the influence of an equal amount of cold medication as when he learned the material. |
| | D) | His memory for the material will be best is if is in the same mood while taking the exam that he was in when he learned the material. |
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| 8 | |
Your memory for the name of the president of the United States is part of your |
| | A) | flashbulb memories. |
| | B) | semantic memory. |
| | C) | implicit memory. |
| | D) | episodic memory. |
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| 9 | |
Tammy was a witness to a crime and has been asked to testify in court. Her ability to recall the events of the crime depends mostly on _________ memory. |
| | A) | nondeclarative |
| | B) | semantic |
| | C) | implicit |
| | D) | explicit |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following statements concerning retrieval is NOT true? |
| | A) | Emotionally arousing events are better recalled than those that are not emotionally arousing. |
| | B) | Retrieval cues can trigger memories. |
| | C) | There is no difference in the clarity and vividness of our memories of distinctive events and those that are not distinctive. |
| | D) | Having multiple retrieval cues positively influences recall. |
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| 11 | |
Lauren was a witness to a bank robbery. Under which circumstances will her memory of the crime be best? |
| | A) | At the bank where the robbery took place |
| | B) | On the witness stand, where she knows she must be honest |
| | C) | The circumstances under which Lauren is asked questions is irrelevant. |
| | D) | In a place where Lauren is comfortable |
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| 12 | |
Michael is studying for two exams in the same night. He decides to study for his sociology exam first and then study for his psychology exam, because the sociology exam is being given first. When Michael arrives in class and begins to take the sociology exam, he is only able to recall psychology-related terms and concepts. Which of the following best explains what Michael is experiencing? |
| | A) | Proactive interference |
| | B) | Retroactive interference |
| | C) | Tip-of-the-tongue state |
| | D) | Repression |
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| 13 | |
Lucy's grandmother suffered a stroke and has a difficult time recalling events that took place prior to her stroke. Which of the following terms best describes what Lucy's grandmother is experiencing? |
| | A) | Proactive interference |
| | B) | Retrograde amnesia |
| | C) | Retroactive interference |
| | D) | Anterograde amnesia |
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| 14 | |
Lewis is 85 years old. For the past few years he has gradually begun to experience language problems, disorganized thinking, personality changes, and memory loss. What do Lewis's symptoms resemble? |
| | A) | Retrograde amnesia |
| | B) | Korsakoff's dementia |
| | C) | Anterograde amnesia |
| | D) | Alzheimer's disease |
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| 15 | |
Continued rehearsal past the point of initial learning that significantly improves the performance on memory tasks is called |
| | A) | overlearning. |
| | B) | the encoding specificity principle. |
| | C) | prospective memory. |
| | D) | long-term potentiation. |
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