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American Ethnicity, 5/e
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Ethnicity and Ethnic Relations
Aguirre Cover Small

Chapter Outline


  1. Race and Ethnicity
    1. The relationship between race and ethnicity
    2. Ethnicity as the more generic term
    3. Ethnic groups as subpopulations

  2. Minority Groups
    1. Physical and cultural characteristics
    2. Singled out for differential and unequal treatment
      1. Problems with the definition of minority group

  3. Ethnic Discrimination
    1. Discrimination as the process of denying access to valued resources
      1. Reverse discrimination
    2. Types of discrimination
      1. Genocide
      2. Expulsion
      3. Segregation
      4. Exclusion
      5. Selective inclusion
    3. The institutionalization of discrimination
      1. Sanctioned by cultural values, beliefs, and norms
      2. Performed as a matter of policy within an organized structure
      3. Frequent and pervasive in the formal contact among people

  4. Ethnic Stratification
    1. Refers to several interrelated processes
      1. The amount, level, and type of resources (jobs, education, health, money, power, and prestige) an ethnic subpopulation receives
      2. The degree to which these allocated resources locate most members of an ethnic subpopulation in various social hierarchies
      3. The extent to which these allocated resources contribute to those distinctive behaviors, organizations, and cultural systems that provide justification to the dominant group for making them targets of discrimination

  5. Ethnic Prejudice
    1. Negative beliefs and stereotypes about a category of people
    2. The relationship between prejudice and discrimination
      1. Richard La Piere
        1. observed that prejudice and discrimination do not always go together
      2. Robert Merton
        1. defined four categories of people in analyzing the relationship between prejudice and discrimination
          1. all-weather liberals
          2. reluctant liberals
          3. timid bigots
          4. active bigots

  6. Adaptations to Prejudice and Discrimination
    1. Passive acceptance
    2. Marginal participation
    3. Assimilation
    4. Withdrawal and self-segregation
    5. Revolt and rebellion
    6. Organized protest

  7. Summary




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