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  1. Historical Overview
    1. The "calamitous" fourteenth century
    2. Breakup of the unique culture of the High Middle Ages

  2. Hard Times Come to Europe
    1. Ordeal by plague, famine, and war
      1. The plague
          2. a)     Its pattern and the death toll
          b)     Types of plague
          c)     Impact on culture
      2. Famine
          3. a)     Patterns
          b)     Impact on society
      3. War
          4. a)     Patterns
          b)     Impact on society and economics
    2. Depopulation, rebellion, and industrialization
      1. Depopulation
          2. a)     Reasons
          b)     Impact on society and economics
      2. Rebellion
          3. a)     Patterns
          b)     Impact on society
      3. Industrialization
          4. a)     Textiles
          b)     New industries
    3. The secular monarchies
      1. France
          2. a)     Wars with England and Burgundy
          b)     Rise of modern France
      2. England
          3. a)     Wars with France
          b)     The emergence of a strong Parliament
          c)     The Tudor dynasty
      3. The spread of the French-English ruling style
    4. The papal monarchy
      1. An age of decline
          2. a)     Dislocation
            (1)     The Avignon papacy
            (2)     Impact on the church
          b)     Schism
            (1)     The Great Schism
            (2)     Impact on the church
            (3)     How settled
          c)     The conciliar movement
      2. Restoration of papal power in about 1450
    5. Technology
      1. The rise of industries
      2. The printing press

  3. The Cultural Flowering of the Late Middle Ages
    1. Breakdown of the medieval synthesis
    2. Religion
      1. Absence of monastic reform
      2. Lay piety
          3. a)     The devotio moderna
          b)     The flagellants
      3. Heresies
          4. a)     John Wycliffe
          b)     Jan Hus
      4. The Inquisition
      5. Witchcraft
    3. Theology and philosophy
      1. The via antiqua versus the via moderna
      2. Duns Scotus and William of Ockham
    4. Science
      1. Robert Grosseteste
      2. Roger Bacon
      3. Nicholas Oresme
    5. Literature
      1. Forces transforming literature
          2. a)     Rising literacy and shift to vernacular
          b)     The invention of movable type
      2. Northern Italian literature: Petrarch and Boccaccio
          3. a)     Italian city-states in transition
          b)     Francesco Petrarch
            (1)     A dedicated Classicist
            (2)     Secretum (My Secret)    
          c)     Giovanni Boccaccio
            (1)     A representative of the new secular age
            (2)     Decameron
      3. English literature: Geoffrey Chaucer
          4. a)     Evolution of common language
          b)     William Langland, The Vision of Piers Plowman
          c)     Geoffrey Chaucer
            (1)     Representative of the new secular age
            (2)     Canterbury Tales
      4. French literature: Christine de Pizan
    6. Art and architecture
      1. Characteristics of the Late Gothic style
      2. Late Gothic architecture
          3. a)     The Flamboyant style on the continent
          b)     The Perpendicular style in England
          c)     The Italian Gothic
      3. Late Gothic sculpture
          4. a)     Italy
            (1)     Foreshadowing of the Renaissance
            (2)     Giovanni Pisano
          b)     Burgundy
            (1)     The Burgundian setting
            (2)     Claus Sluter
      4. Late Gothic painting and the rise of new trends
          5. a)     Radical changes
          b)     Illuminated manuscripts
            (1)     Secular influences
            (2)     The Limbourg brothers
          c)     The print
            (1)     Geographic setting
            (2)     Varieties: woodcut print, engraving, drypoint
            (3)     Housebook Master
          d)     New trends in Italy: Giotto
          e)     Flemish painting: Jan Van Eyck and Hans Memling
            (1)     The Burgundian setting
            (2)     Characteristics
    7. Music
      1. Rise of secular music
      2. Machaut
          3. a)     Ars nova
          b)     Notre Dame Mass

  4. The Legacy of the Late Middle Ages






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