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| 1 | |
External cardiac defibrillators are used for |
| | A) | high blood pressure |
| | B) | myocardial infarction |
| | C) | sudden cardiac arrest |
| | D) | high cholesterol |
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| 2 | |
The visceral pericardium is also known as the |
| | A) | epicardium |
| | B) | myocardium |
| | C) | endocardium |
| | D) | fibrous pericardium |
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| 3 | |
The uppermost or most superior part of the heart is the |
| | A) | septum |
| | B) | apex |
| | C) | base |
| | D) | great vessels |
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| 4 | |
The thickest part of the wall of the heart is the |
| | A) | myocardium |
| | B) | epicardium |
| | C) | interventricular septum |
| | D) | endocardium |
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| 5 | |
Purkinje fibers are located in the |
| | A) | epicardium |
| | B) | myocardium |
| | C) | endocardium |
| | D) | parietal pericardium |
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| 6 | |
The tricuspid valve is located |
| | A) | between the left atrium and left ventricle |
| | B) | between the right atrium and right ventricle |
| | C) | between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
| | D) | between the left ventricle and the aorta |
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| 7 | |
The right atrium receives blood from the |
| | A) | inferior and superior vena cava |
| | B) | pulmonary veins |
| | C) | pulmonary artery |
| | D) | aorta |
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| 8 | |
The valve between the chambers of the left side of the heart is the |
| | A) | semilunar valve |
| | B) | mitral (bicuspid valve) |
| | C) | aortic valve |
| | D) | tricuspid valve |
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| 9 | |
Cardiac pain is due to |
| | A) | prolonged contraction of cardiac muscle |
| | B) | interruption of blood supply to cardiac muscle |
| | C) | damaged heart valves |
| | D) | inflammation of heart muscle and valves |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following correctly describes the events of the cardiac cycle? |
| | A) | the right atrium and ventricle contract and relax , then the left atrium and ventricles contract and relax |
| | B) | contraction of the chambers of the left side of the heart, contraction of the chambers of the right, relaxation of the left, relaxation of the right |
| | C) | both atria contract and both ventricles relax; then both ventricles contract and both atria relax |
| | D) | both atria contract and both ventricles contract; then both atria contract and both atria relax |
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| 11 | |
During a normal cardiac cycle |
| | A) | the ventricles receive 70% of the blood from the atria passively during ventricular diastole |
| | B) | as the ventricles fill, the pressure in them rises, the pressure in the atria falls until the pressure difference forces the AV valves to close |
| | C) | both |
| | D) | neither |
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| 12 | |
The two major heart sounds are a result of |
| | A) | blood entering the atria in large volumes |
| | B) | opening and closing of heart valves |
| | C) | contraction of the myocardium |
| | D) | changes in the blood flow rate through the chambers of the heart |
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| 13 | |
A mass of merged cells that function as a unit is called |
| | A) | smooth muscle |
| | B) | a functional syncytium |
| | C) | the sinoatrial node |
| | D) | the cardiac conduction system |
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| 14 | |
The cells that initiate the stimulus for contraction of the heart muscle are located in the |
| | A) | sinoatrial node |
| | B) | atrioventricular node |
| | C) | Purkinje fibers |
| | D) | Bundle of His |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following sequences correctly describes the conduction pathway of cardiac impulses? |
| | A) | SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers, Bundle of His |
| | B) | AV node, SA node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers |
| | C) | Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers, AV node, SA node |
| | D) | SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers |
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| 16 | |
The P wave on an ECG represents |
| | A) | atrial depolarization |
| | B) | atrial contraction |
| | C) | atrial repolarization |
| | D) | impulse transmission at the AV node |
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| 17 | |
A straight line on a ECG represents |
| | A) | repolarization |
| | B) | loss of a pacemaker |
| | C) | lack of electrical activity |
| | D) | impulse conduction |
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| 18 | |
Ventricular repolarization is represented by the |
| | A) | PR interval |
| | B) | S wave |
| | C) | R wave |
| | D) | T wave |
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| 19 | |
Concentrations of which of the following electrolytes have a direct effect on the myocardium? |
| | A) | calcium and potassium |
| | B) | potassium and bicarbonate |
| | C) | calcium and chloride |
| | D) | sodium and chloride |
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| 20 | |
The middle layer of arterial walls is composed of |
| | A) | endothelial tissue |
| | B) | cardiac muscle |
| | C) | smooth muscle |
| | D) | fibrous connective tissue |
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| 21 | |
The vessel that participates directly in the exchange of substances between the cell and the blood is the |
| | A) | arteriole |
| | B) | artery |
| | C) | capillary |
| | D) | venule |
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| 22 | |
The amount of blood that flows into capillaries is regulated by |
| | A) | constriction and dilation of capillaries |
| | B) | arterioles |
| | C) | the amount of extracellular tissue |
| | D) | precapillary sphincters |
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| 23 | |
Deposits of fatty materials on the inside of arterial walls are called |
| | A) | scars |
| | B) | plaques |
| | C) | lipomas |
| | D) | tumors |
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| 24 | |
Plasma proteins help retain water in the blood by maintaining |
| | A) | osmotic pressure |
| | B) | hydrostatic pressure |
| | C) | a vacuum |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 25 | |
The middle layer of the walls of veins differs from arteries in that |
| | A) | it contains more connective tissue |
| | B) | it contains less smooth muscle |
| | C) | this layer is thicker in the vein |
| | D) | it contains some striated muscle |
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| 26 | |
The maximum pressure in the artery, occurring during ventricular contraction is |
| | A) | diastolic pressure |
| | B) | systolic pressure |
| | C) | mean arterial pressure |
| | D) | pulse pressure |
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| 27 | |
The factors that maintain blood pressure include |
| | A) | cardiac output |
| | B) | blood volume |
| | C) | peripheral resistance |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 28 | |
The Frank Starling law is related to which of the following cardiac structures? |
| | A) | interventricular septum |
| | B) | conduction system |
| | C) | muscle fibers |
| | D) | heart valves |
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| 29 | |
Tissues depend on an intact circulatory system to supply nutrients and oxygen and to remove accumulated wastes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 30 | |
The pericardial cavity contains fluid that reduces the friction produced by the motion of the heart as it contracts. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 31 | |
The ventricles are the upper chambers of the heart; the atria are the lower chambers. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 32 | |
When the papillary muscles contract, they pull the leaves of the mitral and tricuspid valves down into the ventricles. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 33 | |
The wall of the right ventricle is thicker than that of the left ventricle. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 34 | |
The skeleton of the heart is composed of dense, fibrous, connective tissue which provides places of attachment for heart valves and muscle fibers. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 35 | |
Blood is supplied to the myocardium by the coronary arteries, the first branches of the aorta. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 36 | |
Most of the blood from the atria enters the ventricles during atrial contraction. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 37 | |
The pressure increases during ventricular contraction, closing the AV valves when intraventricular pressure exceeds intraatrial pressure. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 38 | |
The AV node is the pacemaker of the heart under normal conditions. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 39 | |
Atrial repolarization is not seen as a separate wave on the ECG. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 40 | |
Increasing temperature slows the heart rate. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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