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| 1 | |
An electrically neutral atom bears what trait? |
| | A) | It contains protons in its nucleus. |
| | B) | It contains the same number of protons and neutrons. |
| | C) | It contains the same number of electrons and protons. |
| | D) | It contains electrons in its electron shells. |
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| 2 | |
Isotopes of the same element vary in the number of _______________ they contain. |
| | A) | protons |
| | B) | neutrons |
| | C) | electrons |
| | D) | radioactive particles |
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| 3 | |
Radioactive isotopes emit energy or particles until they reach a stable form. Which type of radiation emitted by a radioactive isotope can be the most penetrating, and thus the most damaging, to living things? |
| | A) | alpha radiation |
| | B) | beta radiation |
| | C) | gamma radiation |
| | D) | atomic radiation |
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| 4 | |
Ionic bonds tend to form between ____________________. |
| | A) | atoms that have become electrically, and oppositely, charged |
| | B) | atoms that share a single pair of electrons |
| | C) | atoms that share two pairs of electrons |
| | D) | hydrogen and oxygen atoms that bear weak but opposite charges |
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| 5 | |
Which of these molecular formulas represents a compound? |
| | A) | H2 |
| | B) | O2 |
| | C) | N2 |
| | D) | C6H12O6 |
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| 6 | |
Chemical reactions occur as bonds are formed or broken between molecules. The molecules that are changed by a reaction are called _______________. |
| | A) | products |
| | B) | ions |
| | C) | reactants |
| | D) | acids |
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| 7 | |
The reaction NaCl → Na+ + Cl-, as written, represents what type of reaction? |
| | A) | synthesis reaction |
| | B) | decomposition reaction |
| | C) | exchange reaction |
| | D) | reversible reaction |
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| 8 | |
Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions (H+) in water are called ________________. |
| | A) | acids |
| | B) | bases |
| | C) | salts |
| | D) | electrically neutral |
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| 9 | |
A substance with a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.000001 g/L has a pH of ___________. |
| | A) | 2 |
| | B) | 5 |
| | C) | 6 |
| | D) | 7 |
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| 10 | |
Animal polysaccharides or _______________, consists of branched chains of sugar units and functions to store energy. |
| | A) | glycogen |
| | B) | steroids |
| | C) | dextrose |
| | D) | cellulose |
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| 11 | |
A fatty acid in which the carbon atoms are all linked by single carbon- carbon bonds is said to be _________________. |
| | A) | polyunsaturated |
| | B) | monounsaturated |
| | C) | linked |
| | D) | saturated |
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| 12 | |
Choose the correct statement about proteins and their structure. |
| | A) | Hydrogen bonding rarely occurs in proteins. |
| | B) | Most proteins are made from a short chain of amino acids. |
| | C) | A denatured protein is equally effective as the protein in its original shape. |
| | D) | A protein's conformation determines its function. |
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| 13 | |
Myoglobin, hemoglobin, and many enzymes are ________________ proteins. |
| | A) | globular |
| | B) | fibrous |
| | C) | linear |
| | D) | pleated sheer |
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| 14 | |
DNA contains each of the following components, except ______________. |
| | A) | 5-carbon sugar |
| | B) | a single polynucleotide chain |
| | C) | phosphate group |
| | D) | organic base |
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| 15 | |
The smallest complete unit of an element is the _____. |
| | A) | atom |
| | B) | molecule |
| | C) | element |
| | D) | electron |
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| 16 | |
Which of the following does not belong with the others? |
| | A) | proton |
| | B) | neutron |
| | C) | electron |
| | D) | nucleus |
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| 17 | |
What is the sum of the neutrons plus protons equal to? |
| | A) | atomic number |
| | B) | bulk number |
| | C) | atomic symbol |
| | D) | mass number |
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| 18 | |
Which of the following is not nearly as abundant as the others in living cells? |
| | A) | Na |
| | B) | Mn |
| | C) | P |
| | D) | N |
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| 19 | |
Which element has the nuclear configuration of 12/6? |
| | A) | carbon |
| | B) | oxygen |
| | C) | N |
| | D) | K |
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| 20 | |
The symbol Na+ is used to describe a sodium _____. |
| | A) | atom |
| | B) | free radical |
| | C) | ion |
| | D) | molecule |
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| 21 | |
Of the following, which represents an organic compound? |
| | A) | H2O |
| | B) | O2 |
| | C) | nitrous oxide |
| | D) | C6H12O6 |
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| 22 | |
Whenever a partially charged hydrogen comes near a partially charged oxygen on another atom, a _____ bond is formed. |
| | A) | covalent |
| | B) | hydrogen |
| | C) | ionic |
| | D) | polar covalent |
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| 23 | |
Water tends to dissociate, forming ions; which pH value indicates that the [H+] equals the [OH-]? |
| | A) | 6 |
| | B) | 0 |
| | C) | 7 |
| | D) | 14 |
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| 24 | |
Which of these is the correct formula for a base? |
| | A) | HCl |
| | B) | NaOH |
| | C) | H2SO4 |
| | D) | H2O |
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| 25 | |
At what pH is a solution completely acidic? ____ |
| | A) | 0 |
| | B) | 7 |
| | C) | 14 |
| | D) | 7.4 |
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