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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1

Which of the following elements is NOT one of the six that make up 98% of most organisms' body weight?
A)hydrogen
B)nitrogen
C)carbon
D)iron
2

All atoms of a certain element have the same number of protons.
A)True
B)False
3

All matter is composed of certain basic substances called elements.
A)True
B)False
4

The three isotopes of carbon 12C, 13C and 14C have different numbers of _______?
A)electrons
B)protons
C)neutrons
5

Protons have a __________ electrical charge.
A)positive
B)negative
C)neutral
6

Electrons always have the same amount of potential energy.
A)True
B)False
7

The atomic number of an atom is the same as __________.
A)the atom's mass
B)the number of protons the atom has
C)the number of neutrons the atom has
8

If an atom has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35, the number of neutrons in its nucleus equals _____.
A)17
B)18 35
C)52
9

Electrons with the least amount of potential energy are located in the __________ shell.
A)L
B)K
C)M
10

If an atom with an atomic number of 9 and an atomic mass of 19 is electrically neutral, it has __________ electrons.
A)9
B)10
C)19
D)28
11

Radioactive isotopes are used to __________.
A)determine the age of fossils
B)trace chemicals during biochemical reactions
C)detect thyroid abnormalities
D)all of the above
12

Electrons that are farther from the nucleus have more potential energy than electrons closer to the nucleus.
A)True
B)False
13

The subatomic particle with an atomic mass of one and a neutral charge is a(n) __________.
A)proton
B)electron
C)neutron
14

The nucleus contains ________.
A)protons
B)electrons
C)neutrons
D)A and C
15

Electron shells, other than the first one, can contain up to eight electrons.
A)True
B)False
16

An electrically neutral atom with an atomic number of 7 will have _____ electron shell(s).
A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
17

Electrically neutral magnesium (atomic number 12) is an example of an inert (non reactive) atom.
A)True
B)False
18

An atom of hydrogen (atomic number = 1; atomic mass = 1) has one proton and no neutrons.
A)True
B)False
19

Which of the following is an inert (non-reactive) atom?
A)hydrogen; atomic number = 1
B)oxygen; atomic number = 8
C)neon; atomic number = 10
D)chlorine; atomic number = 17
20

The sodium ion (Na+) has 12 protons (atomic number of Na = 11).
A)True
B)False
21

Which bond is most easily broken?
A)a hydrogen bond
B)a triple covalent bond
C)a single covalent bond
22

What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons?
A)ionic
B)covalent
C)hydrogen
23

Chlorine (atomic number = 17) needs _____ electron(s) to fill its outermost electron shell.
A)no
B)one
C)seven
D)eight
24

Electrically neutral atoms are called ions.
A)True
B)False
25

In a __________ covalent bond, two atoms share two pairs of electrons.
A)single
B)double
C)triple
26

An equal sharing of electrons creates a __________ bond.
A)polar covalent
B)ionic
C)hydrogen
D)non-polar covalent
27

Which of the following is most likely to form an ionic bond with Cl-?
A)F-
B)Na+
C)He
D)O2
28

Which of the following is an example of a compound?
A)O2
B)Na+
C)CO2
D)Ne
29

What type of bond will form between 2 atoms of nitrogen (atomic number = 7) to form the gas N2?
A)ionic
B)triple covalent
C)single covalent
D)none
30

An atom with one electron in its outermost shell tends to be an electron donor.
A)True
B)False
31

A dashed line between atoms represents a(n) _____ bond.
A)hydrogen
B)single covalent bond
C)ionic
D)polar covalent bond
32

The chlorine ion (Cl-) has 17 protons and 18 electrons.
A)True
B)False
33

The three dimensional shape of a molecule affects its ability to function.
A)True
B)False
34

Hydrogen bonds form when ___________.
A)atoms share electrons
B)a slightly negative atom is attracted to a slightly positive atom
C)atoms gain electrons
D)atoms lose protons
35

Energy is __________.
A)required for a bond to form
B)released when a bond is broken
C)A and B
36

An attraction between oppositely charged atoms forms a _____ bond.
A)polar covalent
B)triple covalent
C)hydrogen
D)ionic
37

The atom with greater electronegativity will have a slight positive charge in a polar covalent bond.
A)True
B)False
38

Water is a polar molecule.
A)True
B)False
39

A negative ion _____.
A)has accepted an electron from another atom
B)is radioactive and can be used to determine the age of fossils
C)will form a polar covalent bond with another atom
D)all of the above
40

The calcium ion (Ca2+) _____.
A)has accepted two protons
B)has given away two electrons
C)will form a covalent bond with the chlorine ion (Cl-)
D)all of the above
41

Water molecules are _____.
A)polar
B)hydrogen bonded to one another
C)cohesive
D)all of the above
42

Internal body fluids are kept at a near neutral pH by buffers.
A)True
B)False
43

A pH of 7 is _____.
A)acidic
B)basic
C)neutral
44

Which of the following has a basic pH?
A)lemon juice
B)milk of magnesia
C)tomatoes
D)hydrochloric acid
45

Hydrogen bonding ___________.
A)causes water molecules to cling to each other
B)allows water to absorb a lot of heat without a huge change in temperature
C)must be broken to convert water to steam
D)all of the above
46

All living things are _____ water.
A)less than 10%
B)10-30%
C)40-60%
D)70-90%
47

Which property of water is attributed to its polarity?
A)It resists changes in temperature.
B)It has a high surface tension.
C)It is the universal solvent.
D)It is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
48

Which property of water is responsible for facilitating the flow of water upwards in a tree?
A)It resists changes of state (from liquid to ice or liquid to steam).
B)It is cohesive and adhesive.
C)It is the universal solvent.
D)It is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
49

Molecules that attract water are described as hydrophilic.
A)True
B)False
50

Aquatic living things are able to survive the winter thanks to which property of water?
A)It is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
B)It is cohesive and adhesive.
C)It is the universal solvent
D)It resists changes of state (from liquid to ice or liquid to steam).
51

Which of the following is best described as hydrophobic?
A)water
B)oil
C)sugar
D)salt
52

Water would still freeze at 0°C and boil at 100°C without hydrogen bonding.
A)True
B)False
53

A solution with a pH of 5 has 10 times more hydrogen ions (H+) than a solution with a pH of 6.
A)True
B)False
54

Any pH below _____ is acidic.
A)one
B)five
C)seven
D)twelve
55

Acid rain is a problem because ___________.
A)it adversely affects fish living in lakes
B)it weakens trees by leaching away nutrients
C)it damages marble and limestone buildings and monuments
D)all of the above
56

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides combine with atmospheric water to produce sulfuric acid and nitric acid which falls to earth as acid rain.
A)True
B)False
57

Which of the following is an example of an acid?
A)HCl
B)NaCl
C)NaOH
D)CO2
58

The unifying theory of biology is the _____ theory.
A)cell
B)biogenesis
C)evolution
D)all of the above
59

Water is less dense at 4°C than at 0°C which is why water freezes from the bottom upwards.
A)True
B)False





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