| A) | Comparisons of one culture with one or more other cultures.
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| B) | Sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development.
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| C) | Includes eight stages of human development; each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts individuals with a crisis that must be faced.
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| D) | Pattern of change that begins at conception and continues throughout the life span. Most development involves growth, although it also includes decline brought on by aging, which ends in death.
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| E) | Changes in a person's thought, intelligence, and language.
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| F) | Observation of behavior in real-world settings.
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| G) | Research strategy in which individuals of different ages are compared at one time.
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| H) | The perspective that development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual; it involves growth, maintenance, and regulation.
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| I) | The behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group that are passed on from generation to generation.
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| J) | Characteristic based on cultural heritage, nationality, race, religion, and language.
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| K) | Carefully regulated procedure in which one or more of the factors believed to influence the behavior being studied are manipulated while all other factors are held constant.
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| L) | Research strategy in which the same individuals are studied over a period of time, usually several years or more.
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| M) | In-depth look at a single individual.
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| N) | Describes development as primarily unconscious and heavily colored by emotion.
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| O) | Focuses on the extent to which development involves gradual, cumulative change (continuity) or distinct stages (discontinuity).
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| P) | Study of behavior as it is strongly influenced by biology, tied to evolution, and characterized by critical or sensitive periods.
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