| hypoxia [hi-P3K-se-å] {hipoxia} | Deficient amount of oxygen
in tissue.
|
 |
|
|
| hysterectomy [h7s-t6r-1K-to-me] {histerectomía} | Removal of the uterus.
|
|
|
|
| hysterosalpingography [H2S-t6r-o-sål-p7ng-G3G-rå-f6] | X-ray of the uterus and uterine tubes
after a contrast medium has been injected.
|
|
|
|
| hysteroscopy [h7s-t6r-3S-ko-pe] {histeroscopia} | Examination
of the uterus using a hysteroscope.
|
|
|
|
| icterus [2K-t6r-9s] {icterus} | Jaundice.
|
|
|
|
| ileitis [2L-e-I-t7s] {ileitis} | Inflammation of the ileum.
|
|
|
|
| ileostomy [2L-e-3S-to-me] {ileostomía} | Creation of an opening
into the ileum.
|
|
|
|
| ileum [2L-e-9m] {íleon} | Bottom part of the small intestine that
connects to the large intestine.
|
|
|
|
| ileus [2L-e-9s] {íleo} | Intestinal blockage.
|
|
|
|
| iliac [2L-e-åk] | regions Left and right regions of the body near
the upper portion of the hip bone.
|
|
|
|
| ilium [2L-e-9m] {ileum} | Wide portion of the hip bone.
|
|
|
|
| imaging [2M-å-j7ng] | Production of a visual output using x-rays,
sound waves, or magnetic fields.
|
|
|
|
| immunity [7-MYU-n7-te] {inmunidad} | Resistance to particular
pathogens.
|
|
|
|
| immunization [2M-yu-ni-ZA-sh9n] | Vaccination.
|
|
|
|
| immunoglobulin [2M-yu-no-GL3B-yu-l7n] {inmunoglobina} | Antibody.
|
|
|
|
| immunosuppressive [2M-yu-no-s9-PR1S-7v] | Disease that flourishes because of lowered immune response.
|
|
|
|
| impetigo [7m-p6-TI-go] {impétigo} | A type of pyoderma.
implant 1. To attach to the lining of the uterus in the first
stage of pregnancy. 2. Artificial replacement tooth that has
an extension set into bone.
|
|
|
|
| impotence [2M-po-t6ns] {impotencia} | Inability to maintain an
erection for ejaculation.
|
|
|
|
| in utero [7n YU-t6r-o] | Within the uterus; unborn.
|
|
|
|
| incisional [7n-S2ZH-sh9n-l] | Removal of a part of a tumor for examination.
|
|
|
|
| incisor [7n-SI-zhur] | First and second tooth next to the median
of the jawline.
incomplete fracture Fracture that does not go entirely
through a bone.
|
|
|
|
| incontinence [7n-K3N-t7-n6ns] {incontinencia} | Inability to
prevent excretion of urine or feces.
|
|
|
|
| incus [2N-k9s] {incus} | One of the three auditory ossicles; the anvil.
|
|
|
|
| indwelling [2N-dw6-l7ng] | Of a type of catheter inserted into
the body.
|
|
|
|
| infarct [2N-fårkt] {infarto} | Area of necrosis caused by a sudden
drop in the supply of arterial or venous blood.
|
|
|
|
| infarction [7n-F0RK-sh9n] {infarto} | Sudden drop in the supply
of arterial or venous blood, often due to an embolus or
thrombus.
|
|
|
|
| infectious mononucleosis [M3N-o-nu-kle-O-s7s] | Acute
infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.
|
|
|
|
| inferior [7n-FER-e-or] | Below another body structure.
|
|
|
|
| inferior lobe [7n-FE-re-or lob] | Bottom lobe of the lung.
|
|
|
|
| inferior vena cava [VE-nå K0-vå, KA-vå] | Large vein that draws
blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium.
|
|
|
|
| infertility [7n-f6r-T2L-7-te] {infertilidad} | Inability to fertilize ova.
|
|
|
|
| inflammatory [7n-FL0M-å-tor-e] | Having an inflamed
appearance (red and swollen).
|
|
|
|
| infusion [7n-FYU-zh9n] | Administration of a fluid through an
intravenous tube at a slow and steady rate.
|
|
|
|
| inguinal [2N-gw7-nål] | regions Left and right regions of the
body near the upper portion of the hip bone.
|
|
|
|
| inhalation [7n-hå-LA-sh9n] {inhalación} | 1. Breathing in.
2. Taking in of drugs in a fine spray of droplets.
|
|
|
|
| insertion {inserción} | Point at which a muscle attaches to a
movable bone.
|
|
|
|
| inspiration [7n-sp7-RA-sh9n] {inspiración} | Inhalation.
|
|
|
|
| insulin [2N-su-l7n] {insulina} | Substance released by the pancreas
to lower blood sugar.
|
|
|
|
| insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) | See Type I
diabetes.
|
|
|
|
| integument [7n-T1G-yu-m6nt] {integumento} | Skin and all the
elements that are contained within and arise from it.
|
|
|
|
| integumentary [7n-t6g-yu-M1N-tå-re] | Body system that includes skin, hair, and nails.
|
|
|
|
| intercostal muscles [7n-t6r-K3S-tål M4S-6lz] | Muscles
between the ribs.
|
|
|
|
| interferon [7n-t6r-FER-8n] | Protein produced by T cells and
other cells; destroys disease-causing cells with its antiviral
properties.
|
|
|
|
| interleukin [7n-t6r-LU-k7n] {interleucina} | Protein produced by
T cells; helps regulate immune system.
|
|
|
|
| intermittent claudication | Attacks of limping, particularly in the legs, due to ischemia of the muscles.
|
|
|
|
| interneuron [2N-t6r-NU-r8n] {interneurona} | Neuron that
carries and processes sensory information.
|
|
|
|
| interstitial [7n-t6r-ST2SH-ål] | Brachytherapy in which the radioactive substance is placed within the tissue or tumor.
|
|
|
|
| intervertebral [7n-t6r-V1R-t6-brål] | disk See cartilaginous disk.
|
|
|
|
| intra-arterial [2N-trå-år-TE-re-ål] | Injected directly into an artery.
|
|
|
|
| intracardiac [2N-trå-K0R-de-åk] | Injected directly into heart
muscle.
|
|
|
|
| intracardiac [7n-trå-K0R-de-åk] | A tumor within one of the heart chambers.
|
|
|
|
| intracavitary [2N-trå-C0V-7-tår-e] | Brachytherapy in which the radioactive substance is placed in a cavity near a cancerous lesion.
|
|
|
|
| intracorporeal electrohydraulic lithotripsy [2N-trå-kor-PO-re-ål e-L1K-tro-hi-DR3-l7k L2TH-o-tr7p-se] | Use of an endoscope to break up stones.
|
|
|
|
| intracutaneous [2N-trå-kyu-TA-ne-9s] | Injected just beneath
the outer layer of skin.
|
|
|
|
| intradermal [2N-trå-D1R-mål] {intradérmico} | From within the skin, particularly from the dermis; See intracutaneous.
|
|
|
|
| intradermal [2N-trå-D1R-mål] | Test that injects antigen or protein between layers of skin.
|
|
|
|
| intramuscular [2N-trå-M4S-kyu-lår] | Injected deep into
muscle tissue.
|
|
|
|
| intraosseus [2N-trå-3S-e-9s] | Injected directly into bone.
|
|
|
|
| intraspinal [2N-trå-SPI-nål] | Injected directly into spinal spaces.
|
|
|
|
| intrathecal [2N-trå-THE-kål] | See intraspinal.
|
|
|
|
| intrauterine [2N-trå-YU-t6r-7n] | Contraceptive device consisting of a coil placed in the uterus to block implantation of a fertilized ovum.
|
|
|
|
| intravascular stent | Stent placed within a blood vessel to allow blood to flow freely.
|
|
|
|
| intravenous (IV) [2N-trå-VE-n9s] {intravenoso (IV)} | Administered through a tube into a vein.
|
|
|
|
| introitus [7n-TRO-i-t9s] {introito} | External opening or entrance
to a hollow organ, such as a vagina.
|
|
|
|
| intussusception [2N-t9s-s9-S1P-sh9n] | Prolapse or collapse of
an intestinal part into a neighboring part. One section
collapses into another like a telescope.
|
|
|
|
| invasive [7n-VA-s7v] | Infiltrating other organs; spreading.
|
|
|
|
| iodine [I-o-din] | Substance used in radiopharmaceuticals for
contrast medium and radiation therapy.
|
|
|
|
| ion [I-8n] | Positively charged particle used to ionize tissue.
|
|
|
|
| ionize [I-on-iz] | To destroy cells by changing neutral particles
to ions using x-rays.
|
|
|
|
| iridectomy [7r-7-D1K-to-me] {iridectomía} | Removal of part of
the iris.
|
|
|
|
| iridotomy [7r-7-D3T-o-me] | Incision into the iris to relieve pressure.
|
|
|
|
| iris [I-r7s] {iris} | Colored part of the eye; contains muscles that
expand and contract in response to light.
|
|
|
|
| iritis [i-RI-t7s] {iritis} | Inflammation of the iris.
|
|
|
|
| irradiated [7-RA-de-at-6d] | Treated with radiation.
|
|
|
|
| ischemia [7s-KE-me-å] {isquemia} | Localized blood insufficiency
caused by an obstruction.
|
|
|
|
| ischium [2S-ke-9m] {isquión} | One of three fused bones that
form the pelvic girdle.
|
|
|
|
| islets of Langerhans [L0N-g6r-hånz] | Specialized cells in the
pancreas that release insulin and glucagon.
|
|
|
|
| isthmus [2S-m9s] {istmo} | Narrow region at the bottom of the
uterus opening into the cervix; narrow band of tissue
connecting the two lobes of the thyroid gland.
|
|
|
|
| jaundice [J0WN-d7s] {ictericia} | Excessive bilirubin in the
blood causing yellowing of the skin.
|
|
|
|
| jejunum [j6-JU-n9m] {yeyuno} | Middle section of the small
intestine.
|
|
|
|
| joint [j8ynt] {empalme} | Place of joining between two or more
bones.
|
|
|
|
| Kaposi's sarcoma [K0-po-sez sår-KO-må] | Skin cancer associated with AIDS.
|
|
|
|
| Kegel [KE-g6l] | Exercises to strengthen pubic muscles.
|
|
|
|
| keloid [KE-l8yd] {queloide} | Thick scarring of the skin that
forms after an injury or surgery.
|
|
|
|
| keratin [K1R-å-t7n] {queratina} | Hard, horny protein that
forms nails and hair.
|
|
|
|
| keratitis [k6r-å-TI-t7s] {queratitis} | Inflammation of the cornea.
|
|
|
|
| keratolytic [K1R-å-to-L2T-7k] | Agent that aids in the removal
of warts and corns.
|
|
|
|
| keratoplasty [K1R-å-to-plås-te] {queratoplastia} | Corneal
transplant.
|
|
|
|
| keratosis [k6r-å-TO-s7s] {queratosis} | Lesion on the epidermis
containing keratin.
|
|
|
|
| ketoacidosis [KE-to-å-s7-DO-s7s] {cetoacidosis} | Condition of
high acid levels caused by the abnormal release of ketones
in the body.
|
|
|
|
| ketone [KE-ton] {cetona} | Substance that results from the
breakdown of fat; indicates diabetes or starvation when
present in the urine.
|
|
|
|
| ketonuria [ke-to-NU-re-å] {cetonuria} | Increased urinary excretion
of ketones, usually indicative of diabetes or starvation.
|
|
|
|
| ketosis [ke-TO-s7s] {cetosis} | Condition caused by the abnormal
release of ketones in the body.
|
|
|
|
| kidney [K2D-ne] {riñón} | Organ that forms urine and reabsorbs essential substances back into the bloodstream.
|
|
|
|
| kyphosis [ki-FO-s7s] {cifosis} | Abnormal posterior spine
curvature.
|
|
|
|
| labia majora [LA-be-å må-JOR-å] | Two folds of skin that form
the borders of the vulva.
|
|
|
|
| labia minora [mi-NOR-å] | Two folds of skin between the labia
majora.
|
|
|
|
| labor [LA-bor] | Process of expelling the fetus and placenta
from the uterus.
|
|
|
|
| labyrinthitis [L0B-7-r7n-THI-t7s] {laberintitis} | Inflammation
of the labyrinth.
|
|
|
|
| lacrimal [L0K-r7-mål] | Thin, flat bone of the face.
|
|
|
|
| lacrimal [L0K-r7-mål] glands | Glands that secrete liquid to moisten the eyes and produce tears.
|
|
|
|
| lacrimation [låk-r7-MA-sh9n] {lagrimeo} | Secretion of tears, usually excessively.
|
|
|
|
| lactation [låk-TA-sh9n] {lactación} | Production of milk from the breasts following delivery.
|
|
|
|
| lactiferous [låk-T2F-6r-9s] {lactifero} | Producing milk.
|
|
|
|
| lamina (pl., laminae) [L0M-7-nå (L0M-7-ne)] {lámina} | Thin, flat part of either side of the arch of a vertebra.
|
|
|
|
| laminectomy [L0M-7-N1K-to-me] | Removal of part of an intervertebral disk.
|
|
|
|
| laparoscopy [låp-å-R3S-ko-pe] {laparoscopia} | Use of a lighted tubular instrument inserted through a woman's navel to perform a tubal ligation or to examine the fallopian tubes.
|
|
|
|
| large intestine | Passageway in the intestinal tract for waste received from the small intestine to be excreted through the anus; also, the place where water reabsorption takes place.
|
|
|
|
| laryngectomy [L0R-7n-J1K-to-me] | Removal of the larynx.
|
|
|
|
| laryngitis [lår-7n-JI-t7s] {laringitis} | Inflammation of the larynx.
|
|
|
|
| laryngocentesis [lå-r7ng-go-s6n-TE-s7s] | Surgical puncture of the larynx.
|
|
|
|
| laryngopharynx [lå-R2NG-go-får-7nks] | Part of the pharynx below and behind the larynx.
|
|
|
|
| laryngoplasty [lå-R2NG-go-plås-te] {laringoplastia} | Repair of the larynx.
|
|
|
|
| laryngoscopy [L0R-7ng-G3S-ko-p6] {laringoscopia} | Visual examination of the mouth and larynx using an endoscope.
|
|
|
|
| laryngospasm [lå-R2NG-go-spåsm] | Sudden contraction of the larynx, which may cause coughing and may restrict breathing.
|
|
|
|
| laryngostomy [L0R-7ng-G3S-to-me] {laringostomía} | Creation of an artificial opening in the larynx.
|
|
|
|
| laryngotracheobronchitis [lå-R2NG-go-TRA-ke-o-br8ng-KI-t7s] | Inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi.
|
|
|
|
| laryngotracheotomy [lå-R2NG-go-tra-ke-3T-o-me] | Incision into the larynx and trachea.
|
|
|
|
| larynx [L0R-7ngks] {laringe} | Organ of voice production in the respiratory tract, between the pharynx and the trachea; voice box.
|
|
|
|
| lateral [L0T-6r-ål] | To the side.
|
|
|
|
| lateral incisor | Second tooth from the median of the jawline.
|
|
|
|
| lateral plane | Imaginary line that divides the body perpendicularly to the medial plane.
|
|
|
|
| laxative [L0X-å-t7v] | Agent that induces bowels to move in order to relieve constipation.
|
|
|
|
| left atrium | Upper left heart chamber.
|
|
|
|
| left lower quadrant | Quadrant on the lower left anterior side of the patient's body.
|
|
|
|
| left upper quadrant | Quadrant on the upper left anterior side of the patient's body.
|
|
|
|
| left ventricle | Lower left heart chamber.
|
|
|
|
| leiomyoma [LI-o-mi-O-må] | Benign tumor of smooth muscle.
|
|
|
|
| leiomyosarcoma [LI-o-MI-o-sår-KO-må] | Malignant tumor of smooth muscle.
|
|
|
|
| lens [l6nz] {lens, lente} | Colorless, flexible transparent body behind the iris.
|
|
|
|
| lesion [LE-zh9n] {lesión} | Wound, damage, or injury to the skin.
|
|
|
|
| leukemia [lu-KE-me-å] | General term for a number of disorders with excessive white blood cells in the bloodstream and bone marrow.
|
|
|
|
| leukocyte [LU-ko-sit] | Mature white blood cell.
|
|
|
|
| leukoderma [lu-ko-D1R-må] {leucoderma} | Absence of pigment in the skin or in an area of the skin.
|
|
|
|
| leukoplakia [lu-ko-PLA-ke-å] {leucoplaquia} | White patch of mucous membrane on the tongue or cheek.
|
|
|
|
| leukorrhea [lu-ko-RE-å] {leucorrea} | Abnormal vaginal discharge; usually whitish.
|
|
|
|
| ligament [L2G-å-m6nt] {ligamento} | Sheet of fibrous tissue connecting and supporting bones; attaches bone to bone.
|
|
|
|
| lingual tonsils [L2NG-gwål T3N-s7ls] | Two mounds of lymph tissue at the back of the tongue.
|
|
|
|
| lipase [L2P-as] {lipasa} | Enzyme contained in pancreatic juice.
|
|
|
|
| lipid [L2P-7d] profile | Laboratory test that provides the levels of lipids, triglycerides, and other substances in the blood.
|
|
|
|
| lipid-lowering | Helpful in lowering cholesterol levels.
|
|
|
|
| lips {labio} | Two muscular folds formed around the outside boundary of the mouth.
|
|
|
|
| lithotomy [l7-TH3T-o-me] | Surgical removal of bladder stones.
|
|
|
|
| liver [L2V-6r] {hígado} | Organ important in digestive and metabolic functions; secretes bile.
|
|
|
|
| liver biopsy | Removal of a small amount of liver tissue to examine for disease.
|
|
|
|
| lobectomy [lo-B1K-to-me] {lobectomía} | 1. Removal of one of the lobes of a lung. 2. Removal of a portion of the brain to treat certain disorders.
|
|
|
|
| lobotomy [lo-B3T-o-me] {lobotomía} | Incision into the frontal lobe of the brain.
|
|
|
|
| long bone | Any bone of the extremities with a shaft.
|
|
|
|
| lordosis [lor-DO-s7s] {lordosis} | Abnormal anterior spine curvature resulting in a sway back.
|
|
|
|
| Lou Gehrig's disease | See amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
|
|
|
|
| low blood pressure {presión arterial baja} | See hypotension.
|
|
|
|
| lumbar [L4M-bår] (spinal) puncture | Withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid from between two lumbar vertebrae.
|
|
|
|
| lumbar [L4M-bår] regions | Left and right regions of the body near the abdomen.
|
|
|
|
| lumbar [L4M-bår] vertebrae | Five vertebrae of the lower back.
|
|
|
|
| lumen [LU-m6n] {lumen} | Channel inside an artery through which blood flows.
|
|
|
|
| lumpectomy [l9m-P1K-to-me] {nodulectomía} | Surgical removal of a localized breast tumor.
|
|
|
|
| lung [l9ng] {pulmón} | One of two organs of respiration (left lung and right lung) in the thoracic cavity where oxygenation of blood takes place.
|
|
|
|
| lunula (pl., lunulae) [LU-nu-lå (LU-nu-le)] {lúnula} | Half-moon shaped area at the base of the nail plate.
|
|
|
|
| luteinizing [LU-te-7n-IZ-7ng] hormone (LH) | Hormone essential to ovulation; hormone released to aid in maturation of ova and ovulation.
|
|
|
|
| lymph [l7mf] {linfa} | Fluid that contains white blood cells and other substances and flows in the lymphatic vessels.
|
|
|
|
| lymphadenectomy [l7m-få-d8-N1K-to-me] {linfadenectomía} | Removal of a lymph node.
|
|
|
|
| lymphadenopathy [l7m-fåd-6-N3P-å-the] {linfadenopatía} | Swollen lymph nodes.
|
|
|
|
| lymphadenotomy [l7m-få-d6-N3-to-me] | Incision into a lymph node.
|
|
|
|
| lymphatic [l7m-F0T-7k] and immune [7-MYUN] system | Body system that includes the lymph, glands of the lymphatic
system, lymphatic vessels, and the specific and nonspecific
defenses of the immune system.
|
|
|
|
| lymph node | Specialized organ that produces lymphocytes and filters harmful substances from the tissues and assists in the
immune response.
|
|
|
|
| lymph node dissection | Removal of a cancerous node for microscopic examination.
|
|
|
|
| lymphocyte [L2M-fo-sit] {linfocito} | Type of agranulocyte; white blood cells made in the bone marrow that are crucial to the body's defense against disease and infection.
|
|
|
|
| lymphocytic [l7m-fo-S2T-7k] lymphoma | Lymphoma with malignant cells that resemble large lymphocytes.
|
|
|
|
| lymphoma [l7m-FO-må] {linfoma} | Cancer of the lymph nodes.
|
|
|
|
| macrocytosis [M0K-ro-si-TO-s7s] {macrocitosis} | Disorder with abnormally large red blood cells.
|
|
|
|
| macrophage [M0K-ro-faj] {macrófago} | Special cell that devours foreign substances.
|
|
|
|
| macula [M0K-yu-lå] {mácula} | Inner ear structure containing hairlike sensors that move to maintain equilibrium.
|
|
|
|
| macula lutea [lu-TE-å] | Small, yellowish area located in the center of the retina, which has a depression called the fovea centralis.
|
|
|
|
| macular [M0K-yu-lår] degeneration | Gradual loss of vision caused by degeneration of tissue in the macula.
|
|
|
|
| macule [M0K-yul] | Small, flat, noticeably colored spot on the skin.
|
|
|
|
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | Imaging produced by tracking the magnetic properties in the nuclei of various cells.
|
|
|
|
| malaise [må-LAZ] | General feeling of illness.
|
|
|
|
| malignant [må-L2G-nånt] | Growing uncontrollably.
|
|
|
|
| malignant melanoma [m6l-å-NO-må] | Virulent skin cancer originating in the melanocytes, usually caused by overexposure to the sun.
|
|
|
|
| malleolus (pl., malleoli) [må-LE-o-l9s (må-LE-o-li)] | Rounded protrusion of the tibia or fibula on either side of the ankle.
|
|
|
|
| malleus [M0L-e-9s] {malleus} | One of the three auditory ossicles; the hammer.
|
|
|
|
| malocclusions [mål-o-KLU-zh9ns] | Abnormal closures of the top teeth in relation to the bottom teeth.
|
|
|
|
| mammary [M0M-å-re] glands | Glandular tissue that forms the breasts, which respond to cycles of menstruation and birth.
|
|
|
|
| mammography [må-M3G-rå-fe]{mamografía} | X-ray imaging of the breast as a cancer screening method.
|
|
|
|
| mammoplasty [M0M-o-plås-te] {mamoplastia} | Plastic surgery to reconstruct the breast, particularly after a mastectomy.
|
|
|
|
| mandible [M0N-d7-bl] {mandíbula} | U-shaped bone of the lower jaw.
|
|
|
|
| mandibular [mån-D2B-yu-lår] bone | Mandible.
|
|
|
|
| manic [M0N-7k] | Having a dangerously elevated mood.
|
|
|
|
| manic-depressive [M0N-7k de-PR1-s7v] disorder | See bipolar disorder.
|
|
|
|
| manipulative [må-N2P-u-la-t7v] | Done without an incision, as in the reduction of a fracture.
|
|
|
|
| manipulative therapy | Therapy that uses manipulation of the body to treat patients.
|
|
|
|
| Mantoux [mån-TU] test | Test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of tuberculin is injected intradermally with a syringe.
|
|
|
|
| marrow [M0R-o] {médula} | Connective tissue filling the medullary cavity, often rich in nutrients.
|
|
|
|
| mastectomy [mås-T1K-to-me] {mastectomía} | Removal of a breast.
|
|
|
|
| mastication [mås-t7-KA-sh9n] {masticación} | Chewing.
|
|
|
|
| mastitis [mås-TI-t7s] {mastitis} | Inflammation of the breast.
|
|
|
|
| mastoid [M0S-t8yd] process | Protrusion of the temporal bone that sits behind the ear.
|
|
|
|
| mastoiditis [mås-t8y-DI-t7s] | Inflammation of the mastoid process.
|
|
|
|
| mastopexy [M0S-to-p6k-se] | Surgical procedure to attach sagging breasts in a more normal position.
|
|
|
|
| maxillary [M0K-s7-lår-e] bone | Bone of the upper jaw.
|
|
|
|
| maxillary sinus | Sinus on either side of the nasal cavity below the eyes.
|
|
|
|
| meatotomy [me-å-T3T-o-me] | Surgical enlargement of the meatus.
|
|
|
|
| meatus [me-0-t9s] {meato} | External opening of a canal, such as the urethra.
|
|
|
|
| medial [ME-de-ål] | At or near the middle (of the body).
|
|
|
|
| medial plane | Imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves.
|
|
|
|
| mediastinoscopy [ME-de-ås-t7-N3S-ko-pe] | Visual examination of the mediastinum and all the organs within it using an endoscope.
|
|
|
|
| mediastinum [ME-de-ås-TI-n9m] {mediastino} | Median portion of the thoracic cavity; septum between two areas of an organ or cavity.
|
|
|
|
| medication, medicine [m6d-7-KA-sh9n, M1D-7-s7n] {medicación,medecina} | Drug that serves a therapeutic purpose.
|
|
|
|
| medulla [m6-DUL-å] {médula} | Soft, central portion of the kidney.
|
|
|
|
| medulla oblongata [m6-DUL-å 8b-l8ng-G0-tå] | Part of the brain stem that regulates heart and lung functions, swallowing, vomiting, coughing, and sneezing.
|
|
|
|
| medullary [M1D-u-lår-e] | Large and fleshy.
|
|
|
|
| medullary [M1D-u-lår-e] cavity | Soft center cavity in bone that often holds marrow.
|
|
|
|
| megakaryocyte [m6g-å-K0R-e-o-sit] {megacariocito} | Large cell in red bone marrow that forms platelets.
|
|
|
|
| melanin [M1L-å-n7n] {melanina} | Pigment produced by melanocytes that determines skin, hair, and eye color.
|
|
|
|
| melanocyte [M1L-å-no-sit] {melanocito} | Cell in the epidermis that produces melanin.
|
|
|
|
| melanocyte-stimulating [m6-L0N-o-sit, M1L-å-no-sit] hormone (MSH) | Hormone released by the pituitary gland.
|
|
|
|
| melatonin [m6l-å-TON-7n] | Hormone released by the pineal gland; affects sexual function and sleep patterns.
|
|
|
|
| melena [m6-LE-nå] {melena} | Old blood in the stool.
|
|
|
|
| membranous labyrinth | One of the two tubes that make up the semicircular canals.
|
|
|
|
| menarche [m6-N0R-ke] {menarca} | First menstruation.
|
|
|
|
| Meniere's [m6n-Y1RZ] disease | Elevated pressure within the cochlea.
|
|
|
|
| meninges (sing., meninx) [m6-N2N-jez (M1-n7nks)] {meninges} | Three layers of membranes that cover and protect the
brain and spinal cord.
|
|
|
|
| meningioma [m6-N2N-je-O-må] {meningioma} | Tumor that arises from the meninges.
|
|
|
|
| meningitis [m6n-7n-JI-t7s] {meningitis} | Inflammation of the meninges.
|
|
|
|
| meningocele [m6-N2NG-o-sel] {meningocele} | In spina bifida cystica, protrusion of the spinal meninges above the surface of the skin.
|
|
|
|
| meningomyelocele [m6-n7n-jo-MI-6-lo-sel] {meningomielocele} | In spina bifida cystica, protrusion of the meninges and spinal
cord above the surface of the skin.
|
|
|
|
| menometrorrhagia [M1N-o-m6-tro-RA-je-å] | Irregular or excessive bleeding between or during menstruation.
|
|
|
|
| menopause [M1N-o-påwz] {menopausia} | Time when menstruation ceases; usually between ages 45 and 55.
|
|
|
|
| menorrhagia [m6n-o-RA-je-å] {menorragia} | Excessive menstrual bleeding.
|
|
|
|
| menstruation [m6n-stru-A-sh9n] {menstruación} | Cyclical release of uterine lining through the vagina; usually every 28 days.
|
|
|
|
| mental retardation | Condition with below average intellectual functioning.
|
|
|
|
| mesentery [M1S-6n-t6r-e, M1Z-6n-t6r-e] {mesenterio} | Membranous tissue that attaches small and large intestines to the muscular wall at the dorsal part of the abdomen.
|
|
|
|
| mesothelioma [M1Z-o-the-le-O-må] {mesotelioma} | Rare cancer of the lungs associated with asbestosis.
|
|
|
|
| metabolism [m6-T0B-o-l7zm] | The chemical changes in cells that provide energy or vital processes and activities and through which new material is assimilated.
|
|
|
|
| metabolize [m6-T0B-o-liz] | To change chemically or physically so as to make useful.
|
|
|
|
| metacarpal [M1T-å-K0R-pål] {metacarpiano} | One of five bones of the hand between the wrist and the fingers.
|
|
|
|
| metaphysis [m6-T0F-7-s7s] {metáfisis} | Section of a long bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis.
|
|
|
|
| metastasis [m6-T0S-tå-s7s] {metastasis} | Spread of malignant cells to other parts of the body; spread of a cancer from a localized area.
|
|
|
|
| metatarsal [M1T-å-tår-sål] bones | Bones of the foot between the instep (arch) and the toes.
|
|
|
|
| metrorrhagia [m6-tro-RA-je-å] {metrorragia} | Uterine bleeding between menstrual periods.
|
|
|
|
| microcytosis [MIK-ro-si-TO-s7s] {microcitosis} | Disorder with abnormally small red blood cells.
|
|
|
|
| microglia [mi-KROG-le-å] {microglia} | A type of neuroglia that removes debris.
|
|
|
|
| microphage [MIK-ro-faj] {micrófago} | Small phagocytic cell that devours foreign substances.
|
|
|
|
| midbrain {cerebro medio} | Part of the brainstem involved with visual reflexes.
|
|
|
|
| middle lobe | Middle section of the right lung.
|
|
|
|
| midsagittal [m7d-S0J-7-tål] plane | plane See medial plane.
|
|
|
|
| mind-body intervention | Therapy that uses the power of the mind to affect the body.
|
|
|
|
| mineralocorticoid [M2N-6r-ål-o-KOR-t7-k8yd] | Steroid secreted by adrenal cortex.
|
|
|
|
| minimally invasive | Done with the smallest incision possible, such as the clearing of arterial blockages with tiny probes that use lasers.
|
|
|
|
| miotic [mi-3T-7k] | Agent that causes the pupil to contract.
|
|
|
|
| miscarriage [m7s-K0R-7j] {aborto espontáneo} | Spontaneous, premature ending of a pregnancy.
|
|
|
|
| mitosis [mi-TO-s7s] | Cell division.
|
|
|
|
| mitral [MI-trål] insufficiency or reflux | Backward flow of blood due to a damaged mitral valve.
|
|
|
|
| mitral stenosis | Abnormal narrowing at the opening of the mitral valve.
|
|
|
|
| mitral [MI-trål] valve | See bicuspid valve.
|
|
|
|
| mitral valve prolapse | Backward flow of blood into the left atrium due to protrusion of one or both mitral cusps into the left atrium during contractions.
|
|
|
|
| mixed-episode disorder | See bipolar disorder.
|
|
|
|
| modality [mo-D0L-7-te] | Method of treatment.
|
|
|
|
| Moh's [moz] surgery | 1. Removal of thin layers of malignant tissue until nonmalignant tissue is found. 2. Removal of a carcinoma after mapping with a chemical to establish the narrowest possible margin of affected tissue.
|
|
|
|
| molar [MO-lår] | Any of the three teeth at the back of the mouth furthest from the median of the jawline.
|
|
|
|
| monocyte [M3N-o-sit] {monocito} | Type of agranulocyte.
|
|
|
|
| mons pubis [m8nz pyu-B2S] | Mound of soft tissue in the external genitalia covered by pubic hair after puberty.
|
|
|
|
| morning-after pill | See abortifacient.
|
|
|
|
| mouth {boca} | Cavity in the face in which food and water are ingested.
|
|
|
|
| multiple-gated acquisition (MUGA) angiography | Radioactive scan showing heart function.
|
|
|
|
| multiple myeloma [mi-6-LO-må] | Malignant tumor of the bone marrow.
|
|
|
|
| multiple sclerosis [M4L-t7-p9l skl6-RO-s7s] (MS) | Degenerative disease with loss of myelin, resulting in muscle weakness, extreme fatigue, and some paralysis.
|
|
|
|
| murmur {soplo} | Soft heart humming sound heard between normal beats.
|
|
|
|
| muscle [M4S-6l] {músculo} | Contractile tissue that plays a major role in body movement.
|
|
|
|
| muscle relaxant | Agent that relieves muscle stiffness.
|
|
|
|
| muscle [M4S-6l] tissue | Tissue that is able to contract and relax.
|
|
|
|
| muscular dystrophy [M4S-kyu-lår D2S-tro-fe] {distrofia muscular} | Progressive degenerative disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system and, later, other organs.
|
|
|
|
| musculoskeletal [M4S-kyu-lo-SK1L-6-tål] system {musculoesquelético} | Body system that includes muscles, bones, and cartilage.
|
|
|
|
| mutation [myu-TA-sh9n] | Alteration in DNA to produce defective cells.
|
|
|
|
| myalgia [mi-0L-je-å] {mialgia} | Muscle pain.
|
|
|
|
| myasthenia gravis [mi-ås-THE-ne-å GR0V-7s] | Disease involving overproduction of antibodies that block certain neurotransmitters; causes muscle weakness.
|
|
|
|
| mydriatic [m7-dre-0T-7k] | Agent that causes the pupil to dilate.
|
|
|
|
| myelin sheath [MI-6-l7n sheth] | Fatty tissue that covers axons. myelitis [mi-6-LI-t7s] Inflammation of the spinal cord.
|
|
|
|
| myeloblast [MI-6-lo-blåst] {mieloblasto} | Immature granulocytes.
|
|
|
|
| myelogram [MI-6-lo-gråm] {mielograma} | X-ray of the spinal cord after a contrast medium has been injected.
|
|
|
|
| myelography [MI-6-L3G-rå-fe] {mielografía} | Radiographic imaging of the spinal cord.
|
|
|
|
| myeloma [mi-6-LO-må] {mieloma} | Bone marrow tumor.
|
|
|
|
| myocardial infarction | Sudden drop in the supply of blood to an area of the heart muscle, usually due to a blockage in a coronary artery.
|
|
|
|
| myocarditis [MI-o-kår-DI-t7s] {miocarditis} | Inflammation of the myocardium.
|
|
|
|
| myocardium [mi-o-K0R-de-9m] {miocardio} | Muscular layer of heart tissue between the epicardium and the endocardium.
|
|
|
|
| myodynia [MI-o-din-e-å] {miodinia} | Muscle pain.
|
|
|
|
| myoma [mi-O-må] {mioma} | Benign muscle tumor.
|
|
|
|
| myomectomy [mi-o-M1K-to-me] {miomectomía} | Removal of fibroids from the uterus.
|
|
|
|
| myometrium [MI-o-ME-tre-9m] {miometrio} | Middle layer of muscle tissue of the uterus.
|
|
|
|
| myopia [mi-O-pe-å] {miopía} | Focusing in front of the retina causing vision distortion; nearsightedness.
|
|
|
|
| myoplasty [MI-o-plås-te] | Surgical repair of muscle tissue.
|
|
|
|
| myositis [mi-o-SI-t7s] {miositis} | Inflammation of a muscle.
|
|
|
|
| myringitis [m7r-7n-JI-t7s] {myringitis} | Inflammation of the eardrum.
|
|
|
|
| myringotomy [m7r-7ng-G3T-o-me] | Insertion of a small tube to help drain fluid from the ears (particularly of children).
|
|
|
|
| myxedema [m7k-s6-DE-må] {mixedema} | Advanced adult hypothyroidism.
|
|
|
|
| nail {uña} | Thin layer of keratin that covers the distal portion of fingers and toes.
|
|
|
|
| narcolepsy [N0R-ko-l6p-se] {narcolepsia} | Nervous system disorder that causes uncontrollable, sudden lapses into deep sleep.
|
|
|
|
| narcotic [når-K3T-7k] | Agent that relieves pain by inducing a stuporous or euphoric state.
|
|
|
|
| nasal bones | Bones that form the bridge of the nose.
|
|
|
|
| nasal cavity | 1. Cavity on either side of the nasal septum.
2. Opening in the external nose where air enters the body.
|
|
|
|
| nasal septum [S1P-t9m] | Cartilaginous division of the external nose.
|
|
|
|
| nasopharyngitis [NA-zo-få-r7n-JI-t7s] | Inflammation of the nose and pharynx.
|
|
|
|
| nasopharyngoscopy [NA-zo-få-r7ng-G3S-ko-pe] | Examination of the nasal passages and the pharynx using an
endoscope.
|
|
|
|
| nasopharynx [NA-zo-F0R-7ngks] {nasofaringe} | Portion of the throat above the soft palate.
|
|
|
|
| natural immunity | Inherent resistance to disease found in a species, race, family group, or certain individuals.
|
|
|
|
| naturopathic medicine | Therapy that uses the body's own healing powers to maintain and restore health.
|
|
|
|
| nausea [N0W-zhe-å] {náusea} | Sick feeling in the stomach.
|
|
|
|
| nearsightedness {miopía} | Myopia.
|
|
|
|
| nebulizers [N1B-yu-liz-6rz] | Devices that deliver medication through the nose or mouth in a fine spray to the respiratory tract.
|
|
|
|
| necrosis [n6-KRO-s7s] {necrosis} | Death of tissue or an organ or part due to irreversible damage; usually a result of oxygen deprivation.
|
|
|
|
| necrotic [n6-KR3T-7k] | Containing dead tissue.
|
|
|
|
| needle biopsy | Removal of cells for examination by aspirating them with a needle.
|
|
|
|
| needle holder | Surgical forceps used to hold and pass a suturing needle through tissue.
|
|
|
|
| neonate [NE-o-nat] | Infant under four weeks old.
|
|
|
|
| neonatology [NE-o-na-T3L-o-je] | Medical specialty that diagnoses and treats disorders of neonates.
|
|
|
|
| neoplasm [NE-o-plåzm] {neoplasma} | Abnormal tissue growth; tumor; new growth.
|
|
|
|
| nephrectomy [n6-FR1K-to-me] {nefrectomía} | Removal of a kidney.
|
|
|
|
| nephritis [n6-FRI-t7s] {nefritis} | Inflammation of the kidneys.
|
|
|
|
| nephroblastoma [N1F-ro-blås-TO-må] {nefroblastoma} | See Wilms' tumor.
|
|
|
|
| nephrolithotomy [N1F-ro-l7-TH3T-o-me] | Surgical removal of a kidney stone.
|
|
|
|
| nephrolysis [n6-FR3L-7-s7s] | Removal of kidney adhesions.
|
|
|
|
| nephroma [n6-FRO-må] | Any renal tumor.
|
|
|
|
| nephron [N1F-r8n] | Functional unit of a kidney.
|
|
|
|
| nephropexy [N1F-ro-p6k-se] | Surgical fixing of a kidney to the abdominal wall.
|
|
|
|
| nephrorrhaphy [n6f-ROR-å-fe] | Suturing of a damaged kidney.
|
|
|
|
| nephrosis [n6-FRO-s7s] | Disorder caused by loss of protein in the urine.
|
|
|
|
| nephrostomy [n6-FR3S-to-me] | Establishment of an opening from the renal pelvis to the outside of the body.
|
|
|
|
| nerve [n6rv] {nervio} | Bundle of neurons that bear electrical messages to the organs and muscles of the body.
|
|
|
|
| nerve cell | Basic cell of the nervous system having three parts:
cell body, dendrite, and axon; neuron.
|
|
|
|
| nerve conduction velocity | Timing of the conductivity of an electrical shock administered to peripheral nerves.
|
|
|
|
| nerve impulse | Released energy that is received or transmitted by tissue or organs and that usually provokes a response.
|
|
|
|
| nervous [N1R-v9s] system | Body system that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and controls most body functions by sending and receiving messages.
|
|
|
|
| nervous tissue | Specialized tissue that forms nerve cells and is capable of transmitting messages.
|
|
|
|
| neural [NUR-ål] canal | Space through which the spinal cord passes.
|
|
|
|
| neurectomy [nu-R1K-to-me] {neurectomía} | Surgical removal of a nerve.
|
|
|
|
| neurilemma [nur-7-L1M-å] {neurilema} | Membranous covering that protects the myelin sheath.
|
|
|
|
| neuritis [nu-RI-t7s] {neuritis} | Inflammation of the nerves.
|
|
|
|
| neuroglia [nu-R3G-le-å], neuroglial [nu-R3G-le-ål] cell | Cell of the nervous system that does not transmit impulses.
|
|
|
|
| neurohypophysis [NUR-o-hi-P3F-7-s7s] | Posterior lobe of pituitary gland.
|
|
|
|
| neuron [NUR-8n] {neurona} | Basic cell of the nervous system having three parts; nerve cell.
|
|
|
|
| neuroplasty [NUR-o-PL0S-te] | Surgical repair of a nerve.
|
|
|
|
| neuroretina [nur-o-R1T-7-nå] | Thick layer of nervous tissue in the retina.
|
|
|
|
| neurorrhaphy [nur-OR-å-fe] | Suturing of a severed nerve.
|
|
|
|
| neurosis (pl., neuroses) [nu-RO-s7s (nu-RO-sez)] | Behavior condition usually involving anxiety that a patient can cope with that does not rise to the level of psychosis.
|
|
|
|
| neurosurgeon [nur-o-S1R-j9n] {neurocirujano} | Medical specialist who performs surgery on the brain and spinal cord.
|
|
|
|
| neurotomy [nu-R3T-o-me] | Dissection of a nerve.
|
|
|
|
| neurotransmitters [NUR-o-tråns-M2T-6rz] {neurotramisor} | Various substances located in tiny sacs at the end of
the axon.
|
|
|
|
| neutrophil [NU-tro-f7l] {neutrófilo} | Type of leukocyte; granulocyte.
|
|
|
|
| nevus (pl., nevi) [NE-v9s (NE-vi)] {nevo} | Birthmark.
|
|
|
|
| nipple [N2P-l] {pezón} | Projection at the apex of the breast through which milk flows during lactation.
|
|
|
|
| nitrate [NI-trat] | Any of several medications that dilate the veins, arteries, or coronary arteries; used to control angina.
|
|
|
|
| nitrous oxide [NI-tr9s 3K-sid] | An anesthetic gas inhaled by the patient.
|
|
|
|
| nocturia [n8k-TU-re-å] {nocturia} | Nighttime urination.
|
|
|
|
| nodular [N3D-yu-lår] | Formed in tight clusters.
|
|
|
|
| nodule [N3D-yul] {nódulo} | Small knob of tissue.
|
|
|
|
| non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | Cancer of the lymph nodes with some cells resembling healthy cells and spreading in a diffuse pattern.
|
|
|
|
| noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) | See Type II diabetes.
|
|
|
|
| nonsteroidal [n8n-ST1R-8y-dål] anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) {agentes de antiiflamatorios no esteroideos, AINE} | Agent or drug that reduces inflammation without the use of steroids.
|
|
|
|
| norepinephrine [NOR-6p-7-N1F-r7n] {norepinefrina} | Hormone secreted by adrenal medulla.
|
|
|
|
| nose [noz] {nariz} | External structure supported by nasal bones and containing nasal cavity.
|
|
|
|
| nosebleed {epistaxis} | See epistaxis.
|
|
|
|
| nostrils [N3S-tr7ls] {naris} | External openings at the base of the nose; also called external nares.
|
|
|
|
| Novocaine [NO-vå-kan] | an anesthetic injected near the site being treated.
|
|
|
|
| nuclear medicine | Medical specialty for treating diseases with radioactive substances.
|
|
|
|
| nucleus pulposus [NU-kle-9s p9l-PO-s9s] | Fibrous mass in the center portion of the intervertebral disk.
|
|
|
|
| nyctalopia [n7k-tå-LO-pe-å] {nictalopía} | Night blindness.
|
|
|
|
| nystagmus [n7s-ST0G-m9s] {nistagmo} | Excessive involuntary eyeball movement.
|
|
|
|
| obesity [o-BES-7-te] {obesidad} | Abnormal accumulation of fat in the body.
|
|
|
|
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | Condition with obsessive compulsive feelings.
|
|
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| obstetrician [8b-st6-TR2SH-9n] {obstetra} | Physician who specializes in pregnancy and childbirth care.
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| obstetrics [8b-ST1T-r7ks] | Medical specialty that guides women throughout fertilization, pregnancy, and birth.
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| occipital [8k-S2P-7-tål] bone | Bone that forms the lower back portion of the skull.
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| occipital lobe [8k-S2P-7-tål lob] | One of the four parts of each hemisphere of the cerebrum.
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| occlusion [8-KLU-zh9n] {oclusión} | Blocking of a blood vessel; the closing of a blood vessel.
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| odontalgia [o-d8n-T0L-je-å] | Tooth pain.
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| olecranon [o-L1K-rå-n8n] {olécranon} | Curved end of the ulna to which tendons of the arm muscles attach; bony prominence of the elbow.
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| olfactory [ol-F0K-to-re] organs | Organs at the top of the nasal cavity containing olfactory receptors.
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| oligodendroglia [3L-7-go-d6n-DR3G-le-å] {oligodendroglia} | A type of neuroglia that produces myelin and helps to
support neurons.
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| oligodendroglioma [3L-7-go-D1N-dro-gle-O-må] {oligodendroglioma} | Type of glioma formed from oligodendroglia.
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| oligomenorrhea [3L-7-go-m6n-o-RE-å] {oligomenorrea} | Scanty menstrual period.
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| oligo-ovulation [3L-7-go-3V-yu-LA-sh9n] | Irregular ovulation.
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| oligospermia [8l-7-go-SP1R-me-å] {oligospermia} | Scanty production of sperm.
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| oliguria [8l-7-GU-re-å] {oliguria} | Scanty urine production.
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| oncogene [3NG-ko-j6n] | DNA fragment that causes malignancies.
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| onychia, onychitis [o-N2K-e-å, 8n-7-KI-t7s] {oniquia} | Inflammation of the nail.
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| onychopathy [8n-7-K3P-å-the] {onicopatia} | Disease of the nail.
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| oocyte [O-o-sit] {oocito} | Immature ovum produced in the gonads.
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| oophorectomy [o-8f-or-1K-to-me] {ooforectomía} | Removal of an ovary.
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| open fracture | Fracture with an open skin wound; compound fracture.
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| operation | Any surgical procedure, such as the removal, transplant, or manipulation of tissue.
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| ophthalmologist [8f-thål-M3L-o-j7st] {oftalmólogo} | Medical specialist who diagnoses and treats eye disorders.
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| ophthalmoscopy [8f-thål-M3S-ko-pe] {oftalmoscopia} | Visual examination of the interior of the eye.
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| opportunistic [8p-por-tu-N2S-t7k] infection | Infection that takes hold because of lowered immune response.
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| optic nerve | Nerve that transmits nerve impulses from the eye
to the brain.
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| optician [8p-T2SH-9n] | Technician who makes and fits corrective lenses.
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| optometrist [8p-T3M-6-tr7st] {optometrista} | Nonmedical specialist who examines the eyes and prescribes lenses.
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| oral administration | Swallowing of pills or liquids via the mouth.
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| orchidectomy [or-k7-D1K-to-me] {orquidectomía} | Removal of a testicle.
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| orchiectomy [or-ke-1K-to-me] {orquiectomía} | Removal of a testicle.
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| organ [OR-gån] | Group of specialized tissue that performs a specific function.
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| organ of Corti [KOR-ti] | Structure on the basilar membrane with hairlike receptors that receive and transmit sound waves.
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| origin {origen} | Point at which muscles attach to stationary bone.
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| oropharynx [OR-o-F0R-7ngks] {orofaringe} | Back portion of the mouth, a division of the pharynx.
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| orthodontics [or-tho-D3N-t7ks] | Dental specialty concerned with the correction and prevention of irregularities in the placement and appearance of teeth.
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| orthopedist [or-tho-PE-d7st] {ortopedista}, orthopedic [or-tho-PED-7k] surgeon | Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the musculoskeletal system.
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| orthopnea [or-th8p-NE-å, or-TH3P-ne-å] {ortopnea} | Difficulty in breathing, especially while lying down.
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| orthosis, orthotic [or-THO-s7s, or-TH3T-7k] {ortosis, ortótica} | External appliance used to immobilize or assist the movement of the spine or limbs.
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| osseous [3S-se-9s] tissue | Connective tissue into which calcium salts are deposited.
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| osseus [3S-se-9s] labyrinth | One of the two tubes that make up the semicircular canals.
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| ossification [3S-7-f7-KA-sh9n] {osificación} | Hardening into bone.
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| ostealgia [8s-te-0L-je-å] {ostealgia} | Bone pain.
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| osteoarthritis [3S-te-o-år-THRI-t7s] {osteoartritis} | Arthritis with loss of cartilage.
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| osteoblast [3S-te-o-blåst] {osteoblasto} | Cell that forms bone.
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| osteoclasis [3S-te-3K-la-s7s] {osteoclasia} | Breaking of a bone in order to repair or reposition it.
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| osteoclast [3S-te-o-klåst] {osteoclasto} | Large cell that reabsorbs and removes osseous tissue.
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| osteocyte [3S-te-o-sit] {osteocito} | Bone cell.
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| osteodynia [8s-te-o-DIN-e-å] {osteodinia} | Bone pain.
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| osteoma [8s-te-O-må] {osteoma} | Benign tumor, usually on the skull or mandible.
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| osteomyelitis [3S-te-o-mi-6-LI-t7s] {osteomielitis} | Inflammation of the bone marrow and surrounding bone.
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| osteopath [3S-te-o-påth] {osteópata} | Physician who combines manipulative treatment with conventional therapeutic measures.
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| osteoplasty [3S-te-o-plås-te] {osteoplastia} | Surgical replacement or repair of bone.
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| osteoporosis [3S-te-o-po-RO-s7s] {osteoporosis} | Degenerative thinning of bone.
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| osteosarcoma [3S-te-o-sår-KO-må] {osteosarcoma} | Malignant tumor of bone.
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| osteotomy [8s-te-3T-o-me] {osteotomía} | Cutting of bone.
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| otalgia [o-T0L-je-å] {otalgia} | Pain in the ear.
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| otitis externa [o-TI-t7s 6ks-T1R-nå] {otitis externa} | Fungal infection of the external ear canal.
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| otitis media [ME-de-å] {otitis media} | Inflammation of the middle ear.
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| otoliths [O-to-l7ths] {otolito} | Small calcifications in the inner ear that help to maintain balance.
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| otologist [o-T3L-o-j7st] {otólogo} | Medical specialist in ear disorders.
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| otoplasty [O-to-plås-te] {otoplastia} | Surgical repair of the outer ear.
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| otorhinolaryngologist [o-to-RI-no-lår-r7n-G3L-o-j7st] | Medical doctor who diagnoses and treats disorders of the ear, nose, and throat.
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| otorrhagia [o-to-RA-je-å] {otorragia} | Bleeding from the ear.
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| otorrhea [o-to-RE-å] {otorrea} | Purulent discharge from the ear.
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| otosclerosis [o-to-skl6-RO-s7s] {otosclerosis} | Hardening of bones of the ear.
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| otoscopy [o-T3S-ko-pe] {otoscopia} | Inspection of the ear using an otoscope.
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| ovary [O-vå-re] {ovario} | One of two glands that produce ova; one of two female reproductive glands that secrete hormones in the endocrine system.
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| overdose [O-v6r-dos] | Toxic dose of a substance.
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| over-the-counter (OTC) | Available for sale without a doctor's prescription.
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| ovulation [3V-yu-LA-sh9n] {ovulación} | Release of an ovum (or rarely, more than one ovum) as part of a monthly cycle that leads to fertilization or menstruation.
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| ovum (pl., ova) [O-v9m (O-vå)] {óvulo} | Mature female sex cell produced by the ovaries, which then travels to the uterus. If fertilized, it implants in the uterus; if not, it is released during menstruation to the outside of the body.
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| oxytocin [8k-s7-TO-s7n] {oxitocina} | Hormone given to induce labor; hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland to aid in uterine contractions and lactation.
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| pacemaker {marcapaso} | Term for the sinoatrial (SA) node; also, an artificial device that regulates heart rhythm.
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| palatine [P0L-å-tin] bone | Bone that helps form the hard palate and nasal cavity; located behind the maxillary bones.
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| palatine tonsils [P0L-å-tin T3N-s7lz] | Lymphatic tissue that works as part of the immune system; mounds of lymphatic tissue on either side of the pharynx.
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| palpitations [pål-p7-TA-sh9nz] {palpitaciones} | Uncomfortable pulsations of the heart felt as a thumping in the chest.
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| palsy [P0WL-ze] {parálisis} | Partial or complete paralysis.
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| pancreas [P0N-kre-ås] {páncreas} | Digestive organ that secretes digestive fluids; endocrine gland that regulates blood sugar; gland of both the endocrine system (blood sugar control) and the digestive system (as an exocrine gland).
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| pancreatectomy [P0N-kre-å-T1K-to-me] {pancreatectomía} | Removal of the pancreas.
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| pancreatitis [P0N-kre-å-TI-t7s] {pancreatitis} | Inflammation of the pancreas.
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| pancytopenia [P0N-si-to-PE-ne-å] {pancitopenia} | Condition with a low number of blood components.
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| pansinusitis [pån-si-n9-SI-t7s] | Inflammation of all the sinuses.
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| Papanicolaou (Pap) [på-på-NE-ko-lu] smear | Gathering of cells from the cervix and vagina to observe for abnormalities.
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| papilla (pl., papillae) [på-P2L-å (på-P2L-e)] {papilas} | Tiny projection on the superior surface of the tongue that
contains taste buds.
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| papillary [P0P-7-lår-e] | Having papillae projecting from cells.
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| papillary [P0P-7-lår-e] layer | Thin sublayer of the dermis containing small papillae (nipple-like masses).
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| papule [P0P-yul] {pápula} | Small, solid elevation on the skin.
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| para [P0-rå] | Woman who as given birth to one or more viable infants.
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| paracentesis [P0R-å-s6n-TE-s7s] | Incision into the abdominal cavity to remove fluid or relieve pressure.
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| paracusis [P0R-å-KU-s7s] {paracusia} | Impaired hearing.
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| paranasal sinuses [pår-å-NA-sål SI-n9s-6z] | Area of the nasal cavity where external air is warmed by blood in the mucous membrane lining.
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| paranoia [pår-å-N3Y-å] | Extreme unfounded mistrust of others.
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| parasiticide [pår-å-S2T-7-sid] | Agent that kills or slows the growth of parasites.
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| parasympathetic [pår-å-s7m-på-TH1T-7k] nervous system | Part of the autonomic nervous system that operates when
the body is in a normal state.
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| parathormone [pår-å-THOR-mon] (PTH) {parathormona} | Parathyroid hormone.
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| parathyroid [pår-å-THI-r8yd] gland {paratiroide} | One of four glands located adjacent to the thyroid gland on its dorsal surface that help maintain levels of blood calcium.
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| parathyroid hormone (PTH) | Hormone released by parathyroid glands to help raise blood calcium levels.
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| parathyroidectomy [P0-rå-thi-r8y-D1K-to-me] | Removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands.
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| parenteral [på-R1N-t6r-ål] administration | Administration of a drug by injection.
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| paresthesia [pår-6s-THE-zhe-å] | Abnormal sensation, such as tingling.
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| parietal [på-RI-6-tål] bone | Flat, curved bone on either side of the upper part of the skull.
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| parietal lobe [på-RI-6-tål lob] | One of the four parts of each hemisphere of the cerebrum.
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| parietal pleura [på-RI-6-tål PLUR-å] | Outer layer of the pleura.
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| Parkinson's [P0R-k7n-s8nz] disease | Degeneration of nerves in the brain caused by lack of sufficient dopamine.
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| paronychia [pår-o-N2K-e-å] {paroniquia} | Inflammation, with pus, of the fold surrounding the nail plate.
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| parotitis, parotiditis [pår-o-TI-t7s, på-r8t-7-DI-t7s] | Inflammation of the parotid gland.
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| paroxysmal [pår-8k-S2Z-mål] {paroxístico} | Sudden, as a spasm or convulsion.
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| partial | One or more artificial replacement teeth.
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| partial thromboplastin time (PTT) | Test for ability of blood to coagulate.
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| parturition [pår-tur-2SH-9n] {parturición} | Birth.
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| patch {placa} | Small area of skin differing in color from the
surrounding area; plaque.
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| patch test | Test for allergic sensitivity in which a small dose of antigen is applied to the skin on a small piece of gauze.
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| patella [på-T1L-å] {rótula} | Large, sesamoid bone that forms the kneecap.
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| patent ductus arteriosus [P0-t6nt D4K-t9s år-ter-e-O-s7s] | A condition at birth in which the ductus arteriosus, a small
duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, remains
abnormally open.
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| pathogen [P0TH-o-j6n] {patógeno} | Disease-causing agent.
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| pathological fracture | Fracture occurring at the site of already damaged bone.
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| peak flow meter | Device for measuring breathing capacity.
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| pediatrics [PE-de-0T-r7ks] | Medical specialty that diagnoses and treats disorders in children from infancy through adolescence.
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| pediculated [p6-D2K-yu-la-t6d] polyp | Polyp that projects upward from a slender stalk.
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| pediculosis [p6-D2K-yu-lo-s7s] {pediculosis} | Lice infestation. pedodontist [pe-do-D3N-t7st] Dentist specializing in the treatment of children's teeth.
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| pelvic [P1L-v7k] cavity | Body space below the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs; cup-shaped cavity formed by the large bones of the pelvic girdle; contains female reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, bladder, and rectum.
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| pelvic girdle | Hip bones.
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| pelvimetry [p6l-V2M-6-tre] | Measurement of the pelvis during pregnancy.
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| pelvis [P1L-v7s] {pelvis} | Cup-shaped ring of bone and ligaments at the base of the trunk.
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| pemphigus [P1M-f7-g9s] {pénfigo} | Autoimmune disease that causes skin blistering.
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| penis [PE-n7s] {pene} | Male reproductive part that covers the urethra on the outside of the body.
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| pepsin [P1P-s7n] {pepsina} | Digestive enzyme of gastric juice.
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| peptic ulcer | Sore on the mucous membrane of the digestive system; stomach ulcer or gastric ulcer.
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| percussion [p6r-K4SH-9n] {percusión} | Tapping on the surface of the body to see if lungs are clear.
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| percutaneous transluminal [p6r-kyu-TA-ne-9s tråns-LU-m7n-ål] coronary angioplasty | See balloon catheter dilation.
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| perfusion deficit | Lack of flow through a blood vessel, usually caused by an occlusion.
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| impacted fracture | Fracture in which a fragment from one part of the fracture is driven into the tissue of another part.
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| inhibiting factor | Substance in a hormone that prevents the secretion of other hormones.
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| internal fixation device | Device, such as a pin, inserted in bone to hold it in place.
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| internal respiration | Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the cells.
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| involuntary muscle | Muscle not movable at will.
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| irregular bones | Any of a group of bones with a special shape to fit into certain areas of the skeleton, such as the skull.
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| kidney failure | Loss of kidney function.
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| kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) | X-ray of three parts of the urinary system.
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| myelitis [mi-6-LI-t7s] | Inflammation of the spinal cord.
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| pedodontist [pe-do-D3N-t7st] | Dentist specializing in the treatment of children's teeth.
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