| pericarditis [P1R-7-kår-DI-t7s] {pericarditis} | Inflammation of the pericardium.
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| pericardium [p6r-7-K0R-de-9m] {pericardio} | Protective covering of the heart.
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| perilymph [P1R-7-l7mf] | Liquid secreted by the walls of the osseus labyrinth.
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| perimenopause [p6r-7-M1N-o-påws] | Three- to five-year period of decreasing estrogen levels prior to menopause.
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| perimetrium [p6r-7-ME-tre-9m] {perimetrio} | Outer layer of the uterus.
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| perineum [P1R-7-NE-9m] {perineo} | Space between the labia majora and the anus; area between the penis and the anus.
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| periodontist [P1R-e-o-D3N-t7st] | Dentist who specializes in the treatment of gum disease.
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| periosteum [p6r-e-3S-te-9m] {periostio} | Fibrous membrane covering the surface of bone.
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| peripheral vascular disease | Vascular disease in the lower extremities, usually due to blockages in the arteries of the groin or legs.
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| peristalsis [p6r-7-ST0L-s7s] {peristaltismo} | Coordinated, rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle that force food through the digestive tract.
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| peritoneal [P1R-7-to-NE-ål] dialysis | Type of dialysis in which liquid that extracts substances from blood is inserted into the peritoneal cavity and emptied outside the body.
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| peritoneoscopy [P1R-7-to-ne-3S-ko-pe] {peritoneoscopia} | Examination of the abdominal cavity using a peritoneoscope.
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| peritonitis [P1R-7-to-NI-t7s] {peritonitis} | Inflammation of the peritoneum.
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| permanent teeth | Second set of teeth that erupt at regular intervals starting at around age six.
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| pertussis [p6r-T4S-7s] {pertussis} | Severe infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by bacteria; whooping cough.
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| PET (positron emission tomography) scan [P3Z-7-tr8n e-M2-sh9n to-M3G-rå-fe] {TEP} | Imaging of the brain using radioactive isotopes and tomography; a series of images that shows the distribution of substances through tissue.
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| petechia (pl., petechiae) [p6-TE-ke-å, p6-T1K-e-å (p6-TE-kee,e,p6-T1K-e-e)] {petequia} | A tiny hemorrhage beneath the surface of the skin; minute hemorrhages in the skin.
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| petit mal [P1-te måhl] seizure | See absence seizure.
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| Peyronie's [på-RON-ez] disease | Abnormal curvature of the penis caused by hardening in the interior of the penis.
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| pH | Measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution such
as urine.
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| phacoemulsification [FA-ko-e-m9ls-7-f7-KA-sh9n] | Use of ultrasound to break up and remove cataracts.
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| phagocytosis [F0G-o-si-TO-s7s] {fagocitosis} | Ingestion of foreign substances by specialized cells.
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| phalanges (sing., phalanx) [få-L0N-jez (F0-långks)] {falange} | Long bones of the fingers and toes.
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| phantom limb, phantom pain | Pain felt in a paralyzed or amputated limb.
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| pharmacist [F0R-må-s7st] | Person licensed to dispense medications.
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| pharmacodynamics [F0R-må-ko-di-N0M-7ks] | Study of how drugs affect the body.
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| pharmacokinetics [F0R-må-ko-k7-N1T-7ks] | Study of how the body absorbs, metabolizes, and excretes drugs.
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| pharmacology [får-må-K3L-o-je] {farmacología} | Science that studies, develops, and tests new drugs.
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| pharyngeal tonsils [få-R2N-je-ål T3N-s7lz] | Adenoids.
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| pharyngitis [får-7n-JI-t7s] {faringitis} | Inflammation of the pharynx.
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| pharynx [F0R-7ngks] {faringe} | Passageway at back of mouth for air and food; throat; tube through which food passes to the esophagus.
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| phenylketones [FEN-7l-KE-tons] | Substances that, if accumulated in the urine of infants, indicate phenylketonuria (PKU), a disease treated by diet.
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| phimosis [f7-MO-s7s] {fimosis} | Abnormal narrowing of the opening of the foreskin.
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| phlebitis [fl6-BI-t7s] {flebitis} | Inflammation of a vein.
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| phlebography [fl6-B3G-rå-fe] {flebografía} | Viewing of a vein by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium.
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| phlebotomy [fl6-B3T-o-me] {flebotomía} | Drawing blood from a vein via a small incision; See venipuncture.
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| phobia [FO-be-å] | Irrational or obsessive fear of something.
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| phosphorus [F3S-for-9s] {fósforo} | Mineral important to the formation of bone.
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| photophobia [fo-to-FO-be-å] {fotofobia} | Extreme sensitivity to light.
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| physical therapy | Movement therapy to restore use of damaged areas of the body.
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| pia mater [PI-å, PE-å MA-t6r, M0H-t6r)] {piamadre} | Innermost layer of meninges.
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| pica [P2-kå] | Eating disorder in which the patient compulsively eats nonnutritive substances, such as clay and paint.
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| pilonidal [pi-lo-NI-dål] cyst | Cyst containing hair, usually found at the lower end of the spinal column.
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| pineal [P2N-e-ål] gland | Gland located above pituitary gland; secretes melatonin.
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| pinkeye | Conjunctivitis.
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| pinna [P2N-å] | Auricle.
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| pituitary [p7-TU-7-tår-e] gland | Major endocrine gland; secretes hormones essential to metabolic functions.
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| placenta [plå-S1N-tå] {placenta} | Nutrient-rich organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy; supplies nutrients to the fetus.
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| placenta previa [plå-S1N-tå PRE-ve-å] | Placement of the placenta so it blocks the birth canal.
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| plantar [PL0N-tår] wart | Wart on the sole of the foot.
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| plaque [plåk] {placa} | Microorganisms that grow on the crowns along the roots of teeth causing decay of teeth and breakdown of gums; see patch; buildup of solid material, such as a fatty deposit, on the lining of an artery.
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| plasma [PL0Z-må] | Liquid portion of unclotted blood.
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| plasma [PL0Z-må] {plasma} cell | Specialized lymphocyte that produces immunoglobulins.
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| plasmapheresis [PL0Z-må-fo-RE-s7s] {plasmaféresis} | plasmaféresis} Process of removing blood from a person, centrifuging it, and returning only red blood cells to that person.
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| plastic surgery | Repair or reconstruction (as of the skin) by
means of surgery.
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| platelet [PLAT-l6t] {plaqueta} | Thrombocyte; part of a megakaryocyte that initiates clotting.
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| platelet count (PLT) | Measurement of number of platelets in a blood sample.
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| play therapy | Revealing of feelings through play with a trained
therapist.
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| pleomorphic [ple-o-MOR-f7k] | Having many types of cells.
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| pleura (pl., pleurae) [PLUR-å (PLUR-e)] {pleura} | Double layer of membrane making up the outside of the lungs.
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| pleural cavity [PLUR-ål K0V-7-te] | Space between the two
pleura.
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| pleural effusion [PLUR-ål 6-FYU-zh9n] | Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity.
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| pleuritis, pleurisy [plu-RI-t7s, PLUR-7-se] {pleuritis} | Inflammation of the pleura.
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| pleurocentesis [PLUR-o-s6n-TE-s7s] | Surgical puncture of pleural space.
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| pleuropexy [PLUR-o-P1K-se] | Fixing in place of the pleura surgically, usually in case of injury or deterioration.
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| pneumobronchotomy [NU-mo-br8ng-K3T-o-me] | Incision of the lung and bronchus.
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| pneumoconiosis [NU-mo-ko-ne-O-s7s] {neumoconiosis} | Lung condition caused by inhaling dust.
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| pneumonectomy [NU-mo-N1K-to-me] {neumonectomía} | Removal of a lung.
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| pneumonia [nu-MO-ne-å] {neumonía} | Acute infection of the alveoli.
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| pneumonitis [nu-mo-NI-t7s] {neumonitis} | Inflammation of the lung.
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| pneumothorax [nu-mo-THOR-åks] {neumotórax} | Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity.
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| podagra [po-DAG-rå] {podagra} | Pain in the big toe, often associated with gout.
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| podiatrist [po-DI-å-tr7st] {podiatra} | Medical specialist who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the foot.
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| poikilocytosis [P3Y-k7-lo-si-TO-s7s] {poiquilocitosis} | Disorder with irregularly shaped red blood cells.
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| polarization [po-lår-i-ZA-sh9n] {polarización} | Resting state of the myocardial tissue in the conduction system of the heart.
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| polycystic [p8l-e-S2S-t7k] kidney disease | Condition with many cysts on and within the kidneys.
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| polycythemia [P3L-e-si-THE-me-å] {policetemia} | Disorder with an abnormal increase in red blood cells and hemoglobin.
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| polydipsia [p8l-e-D2P-se-å] {polydipsa} | Excessive thirst.
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| polyp [P3L-7p] {pólipo} | Bulging mass of tissue that projects outward from the skin surface.
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| polypectomy [p8l-7-P1K-to-me] {polipectomía} | Removal of polyps.
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| polypoid [P3L-7-p8yd] | Containing polyps.
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| polyposis [P3L-7-PO-s7s] {poliposis} | Condition with polyps, as in the intestines.
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| polysomnography (PSG) [P3L-e-s8m-N3G-rå-fe] | Recording of electrical and movement patterns during sleep.
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| polyuria [p8l-e-YU-re-å] {poliuria} | Excessive urination; excessive amount of water in the urine.
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| pons [p8nz] {pons} | Part of the brainstem that controls certain respiratory functions.
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| popliteal [p8p-L2T-e-ål] artery | An artery that supplies blood to the cells of the area behind the knee.
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| pore {poro} | Opening or hole, particularly in the skin.
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| positron emission tomography [to-M3G-rå-fe] (PET) scan | Type of nuclear image that measures movement of areas of
the heart.
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| posterior | At or toward the back side (of the body).
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| postprandial [post-PR0N-de-ål] blood sugar | Test for glucose in blood, usually about two hours after a meal.
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| post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | Condition of extreme traumatic stress that may occur and last for years after a traumatic time or incident.
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| PPD | Purified protein derivative of tuberculin.
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| preeclampsia [pre-6-KL0MP-se-å] | Toxic infection during pregnancy.
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| premature [PRE-må-chur] | Born before 37 weeks gestation.
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| premature atrial contractions (PACs) | Atrial contractions that occur before the normal impulse; can be the cause of palpitations.
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| premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) | Ventricular contractions that occur before the normal impulse; can be the cause of palpitations.
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| premolar [pre-MO-lår] | Molar in primary teeth.
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| presbyacusis [pr6z-be-å-KU-s7s] {presbiacusia} | Age-related hearing loss.
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| presbyopia [pr6z-be-O-pe-å] {presbiopía} | Age-related diminished ability to focus or accommodate.
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|
| prescription [pre-SKR2P-sh9n] {prescripción} | Order given by a doctor for medication dosage, route, and timing of administration.
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| pressure sore | See decubitus ulcer.
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| preventative [pre-V1N-tå-t7ve] | Designed to stop or prevent disease.
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| preventive medicine | Medical specialty concerned with preventing disease.
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| priapism [PRI-å-p7zm] {priapismo} | Persistent, painful erection of the penis.
|
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| primary teeth | First set of teeth that erupt at regular intervals between six months and age four.
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| probe | Sharp device for exploring body cavities or clearing
blockages.
|
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| process [PR3-s6s, PR3S-6s] | Bony outgrowth or projection.
|
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|
| proctitis [pr8k-TI-t7s] {proctitis} | Inflammation of the rectum and anus.
|
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|
| proctoplasty [PR3K-to-plås-te] | Repair of the rectum and anus.
|
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|
| proctoscopy [pr8k-T3S-ko-pe] {proctoscopia} | Examination of the rectum and anus using a proctoscope.
|
|
|
|
| progesterone [pro-J1S-t6r-8n] {progesterona} | One of the primary female hormones.
|
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|
| prone | Lying on the stomach with the face down.
|
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| proprietary [pr8-PRI-6-tår-e] name | See trade name.
|
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| prostate [PR3S-tat] {próstata} gland | Gland surrounding the urethra that emits a fluid to help the sperm move and contracts its muscular tissue during ejaculation to help the sperm exit the body.
|
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|
|
| prostatectomy [pr8s-tå-T1K-to-me] {prostatectomía} | Removal of the prostate.
|
|
|
|
| prostate-specific antigen [0N-t7-j6n] (PSA) test | Blood test for prostate cancer.
|
|
|
|
| prostatitis [pr8s-tå-TI-t7s] {prostatitis} | Inflammation of the prostate.
|
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|
| prosthetic [pr8s-TH1T-7k] device | Artificial device used as a substitute for a missing or diseased body part.
|
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|
| proteinuria [pro-te-NU-re-å] | Abnormal presence of protein in the urine.
|
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|
| prothrombin [pro-THR3M-b7n] {protrombina} | Type of plasma protein that aids in clotting.
|
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|
| prothrombin time (PT) | Test for ability of blood to coagulate.
|
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| protocol [PRO-to-kol] | Course of treatment.
|
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|
| proximal [PR3K-s7-mål] | At or near the point of attachment to the trunk.
|
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|
| pruritus [pru-RI-t7s] {prurito} | Itching.
|
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|
| pseudophakia [su-do-FA-ke-å] {seudofaquia} | Eye with an implanted lens after cataract surgery.
|
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|
| psoriasis [so-RI-å-s7s] {psoriasis} | Chronic skin condition accompanied by scaly lesions with extreme pruritus.
|
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|
| psychiatry [si-KI-å-tre] | Medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders.
|
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|
| psychoanalysis [si-ko-å-N0L-7-s7s] | Therapy that attempts to have patients bring unconscious emotions to the surface to deal with them.
|
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|
|
| psychology [si-K3L-o-je] | Profession that studies human behavior and treats mental disorders.
|
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|
| psychopharmacology [si-ko-F0R-må-K3L-o-j6] | Science that deals with medications that affect the emotions.
|
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|
| psychosis [si-KO-s7s] | Extreme disordered thinking.
|
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|
| psychotherapy [si-ko-TH0R-å-pe] | Treatment of mental disorders with verbal and nonverbal communication.
|
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|
| puberty [PYU-b6r-te] {pubertad} | Pre-teen or early teen period when secondary sex characteristics develop and menstruation begins.
|
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|
| pubes [PYU-b7s] {pubis} | Anteroinferior portion of the hip bone.
|
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|
| pubic symphysis [PYU-b7k S2M-få-s7s] | Joint between the two pubic bones.
|
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|
| pulmonary abscess [P4L-mo-når-e 0B-s7s] | Large collection of pus in the lungs.
|
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|
|
| pulmonary [PUL-mo-når-e] artery {arteria pulmunar} | One of two arteries that carry blood that is low in oxygen from the heart to the lungs.
|
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|
| pulmonary artery stenosis | Narrowing of the pulmonary artery, preventing the lungs from receiving enough blood from the heart to oxygenate.
|
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|
| pulmonary edema | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs.
|
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|
|
| pulmonary edema [P4L-mo-når-e 6-DE-må] | Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs.
|
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|
| pulmonary function tests | Tests that measure the mechanics of breathing.
|
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|
| pulmonary valve | Valve that controls the blood flow between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries.
|
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|
| pulmonary vein | One of four veins that bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
|
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|
| pulp [p9lp] | Connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves that
fill the pulp cavity.
|
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|
| pulp cavity | Center portion of a tooth.
|
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|
| pulse [p9ls] {pulso} | Rhythmic expansion and contraction of a blood vessel, usually an artery.
|
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|
| pupil [PYU-p7l] {pupila} | Black circular center of the eye; opens and closes when muscles in the iris expand and contract in response to light.
|
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|
| purpura [P4R-pu-rå] {púrpura} | Skin condition with extensive hemorrhages underneath the skin covering a wide area.
|
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|
| pustule [P4S-tul] {pústula} | Small elevation on the skin containing pus.
|
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|
|
| pyelitis [pi-6-LI-t7s] {pielitis} | Inflammation of the renal pelvis.
|
|
|
|
| pyeloplasty [PI-6-lo-PL0S-te] | Surgical repair of the renal pelvis.
|
|
|
|
| pyelotomy [pi-6-L3T-o-me] | Incision into the renal pelvis.
|
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|
|
| pylorus [pi-LOR-9s] {píloro} | Narrowed bottom part of the stomach.
|
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|
|
| pyoderma [pi-o-D1R-må] {pioderma} | Any inflammation of the skin that produces pus.
|
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|
|
| pyrogenic [pi-ro-J1N-7k] meningitis | Meningitis caused by bacteria; can be fatal; bacterial meningitis.
|
|
|
|
| pyuria [pi-YU-re-å] {piuria} | Pus in the urine.
|
|
|
|
| rad [råd] (radiation absorbed dose) | Unit of radioactive substance that can be absorbed in a particular period of time.
|
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|
|
| radiation [RA-de-A-sh9n] | Bombarding of tumors with rays that damage the DNA of cells.
|
|
|
|
| radiation [RA-de-A-sh9n] | Energy carried by a stream of particles from a substance.
|
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|
|
| radiation therapy | Treatment of cancer that uses ionizing radiation to destroy malignant cells.
|
|
|
|
| radiculitis [rå-d7k-yu-LI-t7s] {radiculitis} | Inflammation of the spinal nerve roots.
|
|
|
|
| radioactive immunoassay (RIA) | Test for measuring hormone levels in plasma; taken after radioactive solution is ingested
|
|
|
|
| radioactive iodine therapy | Use of radioactive iodine to eliminate thyroid tumors.
|
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|
|
| radioactive iodine uptake | Test for how quickly the thyroid gland pulls in ingested iodine.
|
|
|
|
| radiography [R0-de-3G-rå-fe] | Production of diagnostic images.
|
|
|
|
| radioimmunoassay (RIA) [RA-de-o-2M-u-no-0S-sa] | In vitro test to determine the amount of drugs or medication left in the body.
|
|
|
|
| radiology [RA-de-3L-o-je] | Medical specialty in diagnostic imaging and radiation treatment.
|
|
|
|
| radiolucent [RA-de-o-LU-s6nt] | Able to be easily penetrated by x-rays.
|
|
|
|
| radionuclide [RA-de-o-NU-klid] | Radioactive substance.
|
|
|
|
| radiopaque [RA-de-o-PAK] | Not able to be easily penetrated by x-rays.
|
|
|
|
| radiopharmaceutical [RA-de-o-får-må-SU-t7-kål] | Chemical substance containing radioactive material.
|
|
|
|
| radioresistant [RA-de-o-re-Z2S-tånt] | Not greatly affected by radiation.
|
|
|
|
| radiosensitive [RA-de-o-S1N-s7-t7v] | Easily affected by radiation.
|
|
|
|
| radius [RA-de-9s] | Shorter bone of the forearm.
|
|
|
|
| rales [rahlz] {rales} | See crackles.
|
|
|
|
| Raynaud's phenomenon [ra-NOZ] | Spasm in the arteries of the fingers causing numbness or pain.
|
|
|
|
| reabsorption [re-åb-S3RB-shun] | Process of returning essential elements to the bloodstream after filtration.
|
|
|
|
| receptor [re-S1P-tor] {receptor} | Tissue or organ that receives nerve impulses; part of a target cell with properties compatible with a particular substance (hormone).
|
|
|
|
| reconstructive [r6-c8n-STR4C-t7v] | Designed to restore a body part to its original state or appearance.
|
|
|
|
| rectum [R1K-t9m] {recto} | Bottom portion of large intestine; connected to anal canal.
|
|
|
|
| red blood cell | One of the solid parts of blood formed from stem cells and having hemoglobin within; erythrocyte.
|
|
|
|
| red blood cell count | Measurement of red blood cells in a cubic millimeter of blood.
|
|
|
|
| red blood cell morphology | Observation of shape of red blood cells.
|
|
|
|
| reduction {reducción} | Return of a part to its normal position.
|
|
|
|
| reflex [RE-fl6ks] {reflejo} | Involuntary muscular contraction in response to a stimulus.
|
|
|
|
| reflux [RE-fl9ks] {reflujo} | See regurgitation.
|
|
|
|
| refraction [re-FR0K-sh9n] {refracción} | Process of bending light rays.
|
|
|
|
| regurgitation [re-G4R-j7-TA-sh9n] {regurgitación} | Backward flow from the normal direction.
|
|
|
|
| reiki [RE-ki] | Therapy that uses touch from a healer.
|
|
|
|
| relapse [RE-låps] | Recurrence of a disease.
|
|
|
|
| releasing factor | Substance in a hormone that allows secretion of other hormones.
|
|
|
|
| remission [r6-M2SH-9n] | Disappearance of a disease for a time.
|
|
|
|
| renal pelvis | Collecting area for urine in the center of the kidney.
|
|
|
|
| renin [R1-n7n] {renina} | Enzyme produced in the kidneys to regulate the filtration rate of blood by increasing blood pressure as necessary.
|
|
|
|
| renogram [RE-no-gråm] {renograma} | Radioactive imaging of kidney function after introduction of a substance that is filtered through the kidney while it is observed.
|
|
|
|
| repolarization [re-po-lår-i-ZA-sh9n] {repolarización} | Recharging state; transition from contraction to resting that occurs in the conduction system of the heart.
|
|
|
|
| reproductive [RE-pro-D4K-t7v] system | Either the male or female body system that controls reproduction.
|
|
|
|
| resectioning [re-S1K-sh9n-7ng] | Removal of a tumor and a large amount of surrounding tissue.
|
|
|
|
| resectoscope [re-S1K-to-skop] {resectoscopio} | Type of endoscope for removal of lesions.
|
|
|
|
| respiratory [R1S-p7-ra-tor-e, r6-SPIR-å-tor-e] system | Body system that includes the lungs and airways and performs breathing; body's system for breathing.
|
|
|
|
| respiratory [R1S-p7-rå-tor-e, r6-SPIR-å-tor-e] tract | Passageways through which air moves into and out of the lungs.
|
|
|
|
| reticular [r6-T2K-u-lår] layer | Bottom sublayer of the dermis containing reticula (network of structures with connective tissue between).
|
|
|
|
| reticulocytosis [r6-T2K-yu-lo-si-TO-s7s] {reticulocitosis} | Disorder with an abnormal number of immature erythrocytes.
|
|
|
|
| retina [R1T-7-nå] {retina} | Oval, light-sensitive membrane in the interior layer of the eye; decodes light waves and transmits information to the brain.
|
|
|
|
| retinitis [r6t-7-NI-t7s] {retinitis} | Inflammation of the retina.
|
|
|
|
| retinitis pigmentosa [p7g-m6n-TO-så] | Progressive, inherited disease with a pigmented spot on the retina and poor night vision.
|
|
|
|
| retractor [re-TR0K-tor] | An instrument used to hold back edges of tissue and organs to expose other tissues or body parts; especially used in surgery.
|
|
|
|
| retroflexion [r6-tro-FL1K-sh9n] {retroflexión} | Bending backward of the uterus.
|
|
|
|
| retrograde pyelogram [R1T-ro-grad PI-6l-o-gråm] (RP) | X-ray of the bladder and ureters after a contrast medium is
injected into the bladder.
|
|
|
|
| retroperitoneal [R1-tro-P1R-7-to-ne-ål] {retroperitoneal} | Posterior to the peritoneum.
|
|
|
|
| retroversion [re-tro-V1R-sh9n] {retroversión} | Backward turn of the uterus.
|
|
|
|
| retrovirus [re-tro-VI-r9s] {retrovirus} | Type of virus that spreads by using DNA in the body to help it replicate its RNA.
|
|
|
|
| Rh factor | Type of antigen in blood that can cause a transfusion
reaction.
|
|
|
|
| rhabdomyoma [R0B-do-mi-O-må] {rabdomioma} | Benign tumor in striated muscle.
|
|
|
|
| rhabdomyosarcoma [R0B-do-mi-o-sår-KO-må] {rabdomiosarcoma} | Malignant tumor in striated muscle.
|
|
|
|
| rheumatic heart disease | Heart valve and/or muscle damage caused by an untreated streptococcal infection.
|
|
|
|
| rheumatoid [RU-må-t8yd] arthritis | Autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue.
|
|
|
|
| rheumatoid factor test | Test used to detect rheumatoid arthritis.
|
|
|
|
| rheumatologist [ru-må-T3L-o-j7st] {reumatólogo} | Physician who examines, diagnoses, and treats disorders of the joints and musculoskeletal system.
|
|
|
|
| rhinitis [ri-NI-t7s] {rinitis} | Nasal inflammation.
|
|
|
|
| rhinoplasty [RI-no-plås-te] {rinoplastia} | Surgical repair of the nose.
|
|
|
|
| rhinorrhea [ri-no-RE-å] {rinorrea} | Nasal discharge.
|
|
|
|
| Rh-negative | Lacking Rh factor on surface of blood cells.
|
|
|
|
| rhonchi [R3NG-ki] {ronquidos} | See wheezes.
|
|
|
|
| Rh-positive | Having Rh factor on surface of blood cells.
|
|
|
|
| rib {costilla} | One of twenty-four bones that form the chest wall.
|
|
|
|
| rickets [R2K-6ts] {raquitismo} | Disease of the skeletal system, usually caused by vitamin D deficiency.
|
|
|
|
| right atrium | Upper right chamber of the heart.
|
|
|
|
| right lower quadrant | Quadrant on the lower right anterior side of the patient's body.
|
|
|
|
| right upper quadrant | Quadrant on the upper right anterior side of the patient's body.
|
|
|
|
| right ventricle | Lower right chamber of the heart.
|
|
|
|
| rigidity {rigidez} | Stiffness.
|
|
|
|
| rigor [R2G-or] {rigor} | Stiffening.
|
|
|
|
| ringworm {tiña} | Fungal infection; tinea.
|
|
|
|
| risk factor | Any of various factors considered to increase the
probability that a disease will occur; for example, high
blood pressure and smoking are considered risk factors for
heart disease.
|
|
|
|
| rods [r8dz] {bastoncillos} | Specialized receptor cells in the retina that perceive black to white shades.
|
|
|
|
| roentgenology [R1NT-g6n-3L-o-je] | Radiology.
|
|
|
|
| root [rut] | Portion of the tooth that lies below the jawline.
|
|
|
|
| root canal | Tubular structure holding blood vessels and nerves between the pulp cavity and the jawline.
|
|
|
|
| rosacea [ro-ZA-she-å] {rosácea} | Vascular disease that causes blotchy, red patches on the skin, particularly on the nose and cheeks.
|
|
|
|
| roseola [ro-ZE-o-lå] | Skin eruption of small, rosy patches, usually caused by a virus.
|
|
|
|
| rub {roce} | Frictional sound heard between heartbeats, usually
indicating a pericardial murmur.
|
|
|
|
| rubella [ru-B1L-å] {rubéola} | Disease that causes a viral skin rash; German measles.
|
|
|
|
| rubeola [ru-BE-o-lå] {rubéola} | Disease that causes a viral skin rash; measles.
|
|
|
|
| rugae [RU-ge] {rugae} | Folds in stomach lining.
|
|
|
|
| sacrum [SA-kr9m] {sacro} | Next-to-last spinal vertebra made up of five fused bones; vertebra that forms part of the pelvis.
|
|
|
|
| sagittal [S0J-7-tål] plane | Imaginary line that divides the body into right and left portions.
|
|
|
|
| saliva [så-LI-vå] {saliva} | Fluid secreted by salivary glands; contains amylase.
|
|
|
|
| salivary [S0L-7-vår-e] glands | Glands in the mouth that secrete fluids that aid in breaking down food.
|
|
|
|
| salpingectomy [sål-p7n-J1K-to-me] {salpingectomía} | Removal of a fallopian tube.
|
|
|
|
| salpingitis [sål-p7n-JI-t7s] {salpingitis} | Inflammation of the fallopian tubes.
|
|
|
|
| salpingotomy [sål-p7ng-G3T-o-me] | Incision into the fallopian tubes.
|
|
|
|
| saphenous [så-FE-n9s] vein | Any of a group of veins that transport deoxygenated blood from the legs.
|
|
|
|
| sarcoidosis [sår-k8y-DO-s7s] {sarcoidosis} | Inflammatory condition with lesions on the lymph nodes and other organs.
|
|
|
|
| sarcoma [sår-KO-må] | Relatively rare tumor that originates in muscle, connective tissue, and lymph.
|
|
|
|
| scabies [SKA-bez] {sarna} | Skin eruption caused by a mite burrowing into the skin.
|
|
|
|
| scale {escala, costra} | Small plate of hard skin that falls off.
|
|
|
|
| scalpel [SK0L-pl] | Knife used in surgery or dissection.
|
|
|
|
| scan | Image obtained from the interior of the body.
|
|
|
|
| scapula [SK0P-yu-lå] {escápula} | Large flat bone that forms the shoulder blade.
|
|
|
|
| Schick [sh7k] test | Test for diphtheria.
|
|
|
|
| schizophrenia [sk7z-o-FRE-ne-å] | Condition with recurring psychosis, often with hallucinations.
|
|
|
|
| sciatica [si-0T-7-kå] {ciática} | 1. Pain in the lower back, usually radiating down the leg, from a herniated disk or other injury or condition. 2. Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
|
|
|
|
| scirrhous [SK2R-9s] | Hard, densely packed.
|
|
|
|
| sclera (pl., sclerae) [SKLER-å (SKLER-e)] {esclerótica} | Thick, tough membrane in the outer eye layer; supports
eyeball structure.
|
|
|
|
| scleritis [skl6-RI-t7s] {escleritis} | Inflammation of the sclera.
|
|
|
|
| scleroderma [skl6r-o-D1R-må] {esclerodermia} | Thickening of the skin caused by an increase in collagen formation.
|
|
|
|
| scoliosis [sko-le-O-s7s] {escolisis} | Abnormal lateral curvature of the spinal column.
|
|
|
|
| scotoma [sko-TO-må] {escotoma} | Blind spot in vision.
|
|
|
|
| scratch test | Test for allergic sensitivity in which a small amount of antigen is scratched onto the surface of the skin.
|
|
|
|
| scrotum [SKRO-t9m] {escroto} | Sac outside the body containing the testicles.
|
|
|
|
| sebaceous [s6-BA-sh9s] cyst | Cyst containing yellow sebum.
|
|
|
|
| sebaceous [s6-BA-sh9s] glands | Glands in the dermis that open to hair follicles and secrete sebum.
|
|
|
|
| seborrhea [s6b-o-RE-å] {seborrea} | Overproduction of sebum by the sebaceous glands.
|
|
|
|
| sebum [SE-b9m] {sebo} | Oily substance, usually secreted into the hair follicle.
|
|
|
|
| second bicuspid | Fifth tooth from the median of the jawline.
|
|
|
|
| second molar | Second to last tooth at the back of the mouth.
|
|
|
|
| secondary hypertension | Hypertension having a known cause, such as kidney disease.
|
|
|
|
| secondary teeth | Permanent teeth.
|
|
|
|
| second-degree burn | Moderately severe burn that affects the epidermis and dermis; usually involves blistering.
|
|
|
|
| sedative [S1D-å-t7v] | Agent that relieves feelings of agitation.
|
|
|
|
| sedimentation rate (SR) | See erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
|
|
|
|
| sella turcica [S1L-å T4R-s7-kå] {silla turcica} | Bony depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located.
|
|
|
|
| semen [SE-m6n] {semen} | Thick, whitish fluid containing spermatozoa and secretions from the seminal vesicles, Cowper's glands, and prostate; ejaculated from the penis.
|
|
|
|
| semen analysis | Observation of semen for viability of sperm.
|
|
|
|
| semicircular canals | Structures in the inner ear important to equilibrium.
|
|
|
|
| semilunar [s6m-e-LU-når] valve | One of the two valves that prevent the backflow of blood flowing out of the heart into the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
|
|
|
|
| seminoma [s6m-7-NO-må] | Malignant tumor of the testicle.
|
|
|
|
| sensory receptors | Specialized tissue containing cells that can
receive stimuli.
|
|
|
|
| sensory [S1N-so-re] system | Body system that includes the eyes and ears and those parts of other systems involved in the reactions of the five senses; organs or tissue that perceive and receive stimuli from outside or within the body.
|
|
|
|
| septal defect | Congenital abnormality consisting of an opening
in the septum between the atria or ventricles.
|
|
|
|
| septoplasty [S1P-to-plås-te] {septoplastia} | Surgical repair of the nasal septum.
|
|
|
|
| septostomy [s6p-T3S-to-me] {septostomía} | Creation of an opening in the nasal septum.
|
|
|
|
| septum (pl., septa) [S1P-t9m (S1P-tå)] {tabique} | 1. Partition between the left and right chambers of the heart.
2. Cartilaginous division, as in the nose or mediastinum.
|
|
|
|
| sequestrum [s6-KW1S-tr9m] {secuestro} | Piece of dead tissue or bone separated from the surrounding area.
|
|
|
|
| serum [SER-9m] {suero} | The liquid left after blood has clotted. serum calcium Test for calcium in the blood.
|
|
|
|
| serum creatine phosphokinase [KRE-å-ten f8s-fo-KI-nås] | Enzyme active in muscle contraction; usually phosphokinase
is elevated after a myocardial infarction and in the presence
of other degenerative muscle diseases.
|
|
|
|
| serum enzyme tests | Laboratory tests performed to detect enzymes present during or after a myocardial infarction; cardiac enzyme studies.
|
|
|
|
| serum phosphorus [F3S-for-9s] | Test for phosphorus in the blood.
|
|
|
|
| sesamoid [S1S-å-m8yd] bone | Bone formed in a tendon over a joint.
|
|
|
|
| sessile [S1S-il] polyp | Polyp that projects upward from a broad base.
|
|
|
|
| shin [sh7n] {espinilla} | Anterior ridge of the tibia.
|
|
|
|
| shingles [SH2N-glz] {culebrilla} | Viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves and caused by herpes zoster.
|
|
|
|
| short bones | Square-shaped bones with approximately equal
dimensions on all sides.
|
|
|
|
| sialoadenitis [SI-å-lo-åd-6-NI-t7s] | Inflammation of the salivary glands.
|
|
|
|
| sight {vista} | Ability to see.
|
|
|
|
| sigmoid [S2G-m8yd] colon | S-shaped part of large intestine connecting at the bottom to the rectum.
|
|
|
|
| sigmoidoscopy [S2G-m8y-D3S-ko-pe] {sigmoidoscopia} | Examination of the sigmoid colon using a sigmoidoscope.
|
|
|
|
| silicosis [s7l-7-KO-s7s] | Lung condition caused by silica dust from grinding rocks or glass or other materials used in manufacturing.
|
|
|
|
| simple fracture | Fracture with no open skin wound.
|
|
|
|
| singultus [s7ng-G4L-t9s] {singulto} | Hiccuping.
|
|
|
|
| sinoatrial [si-no-A-tre-ål] (SA) node | Region of the right atrium containing specialized tissue that sends electrical impulses to the heart muscle, causing it to contract.
|
|
|
|
| sinus [SI-n9s] {seno} | 1. Hollow cavity, especially either of two cavities on the sides of the nose. 2. Space between the lactiferous ducts and the nipple.
|
|
|
|
| sinusitis [si-nu-SI-t7s] {sinusitis} | Inflammation of the sinuses.
|
|
|
|
| sinusotomy [sin-u-S3T-o-me] {sinusotomía} | Incision of a sinus.
|
|
|
|
| sinus rhythm | Normal heart rhythm.
|
|
|
|
| skeleton [SK1L-6-t8n] {esqueleto} | Bony framework of the body.
|
|
|
|
| skin graft | Placement of fresh skin over a damaged area.
|
|
|
|
| SMA (sequential multiple analyzer) | Original blood chemistry machine; now a synonym for blood chemistry.
|
|
|
|
| small intestine | Twenty-foot long tube that continues the process of digestion started in the stomach; place where most absorption takes place.
|
|
|
|
| smell {olfacción, oler} | Ability to perceive odors.
|
|
|
|
| smooth muscle | Fibrous muscle of internal organs that acts involuntarily
|
|
|
|
| social worker | Nonmedical professional who is trained as
an advocate for people (such as the elderly or children)
and may also be trained in the treatment of mental
disorders.
|
|
|
|
| sociopathy [SO-se-8-påth-e] | Extreme callous disregard for
others.
|
|
|
|
| socket | Space in the jawline out of which teeth erupt above
the jawline.
|
|
|
|
| soft palate [P0L-åt] | Soft posterior part of the palate in the mouth; flexible muscular sheet that separates the nasopharynx from the rest of the pharynx.
|
|
|
|
| solid tumor | Carcinoma; most common type of tumor.
|
|
|
|
| somatic [so-M0T-7k] nervous system | Part of the peripheral nervous system that receives and processes sensory input from various parts of the body.
|
|
|
|
| somatoform [SO-må-to-f8rm] disorders | Mental disorders including physical symptoms that have a psychological base.
|
|
|
|
| somatotrophic [SO-må-to-TROF-7k] hormone (STH) | Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland; important in growth and development.
|
|
|
|
| somnambulism [s8m-N0M-byu-l7zm] {sonambulismo} | Sleepwalking.
|
|
|
|
| somnolence [S3M-no-l6ns] {somnolencia} | Extreme sleepiness caused by a neurological disorder.
|
|
|
|
| sonogram [S3N-o-gråm] | Ultrasound image.
|
|
|
|
| sonography [s8-N3G-rå-fe] {sonografía} | Production of images based on the echoes of sound waves against structures.
|
|
|
|
| spasm [spåzm] {espasmo} | Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction.
|
|
|
|
| spastic [SP0S-t7k] | Tending to have spasms.
|
|
|
|
| specific gravity | Measurement of the concentration of wastes, minerals, and solids in urine.
|
|
|
|
| SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) brain scan | Brain image produced by the use of radioactive
isotopes.
|
|
|
|
| sperm [sp6rm] {esperma} | Male sex cell that contains chromosomes.
|
|
|
|
| spermatogenesis [SP1R-må-to-J1N-6-s7s] | Production of sperm.
|
|
|
|
| spermatozoon(pl., spermatozoa) [SP1R-må-to-ZO-8n (SP1Rmå-to-ZO-å)] {espermatozoo} | See sperm.
|
|
|
|
| spermicide [SP1R-m7-sid] {espermicida} | Contraceptive chemical that destroys sperm; usually in cream or jelly form.
|
|
|
|
| sphenoid [SF1-n8yd] bone | Bone that forms the base of the skull.
|
|
|
|
| sphenoid sinus | Sinus above and behind the nose.
|
|
|
|
| sphygmomanometer [SF2G-mo-må-N3M-6-t6r] {esfigmomanómetro} | Device for measuring blood pressure.
|
|
|
|
| spina bifida [SPI-nå B2F-7-då] {espina bífida} | Congenital defect with deformity of the spinal column.
|
|
|
|
| spinal [SPI-nål] cavity | Body space that contains the spinal cord.
|
|
|
|
| spinal column | Column of vertebrae at the posterior of the body, from the neck to the coccyx.
|
|
|
|
| spinal cord | Ropelike tissue that sits inside the vertebral column
and from which spinal nerves extend.
|
|
|
|
| spinal curvature | Abnormal curvature of the spine.
|
|
|
|
| spinal nerves | Any of 31 pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the spinal cord and the torso and extremities.
|
|
|
|
| spinous [SPI-n9s] process | Protrusion from the center of the vertebral arch.
|
|
|
|
| spirometer [spi-R3M-6-t6r] {espirómetro} | Testing machine that measures the lungs' volume and capacity.
|
|
|
|
| spleen [splen] {bazo} | Organ of lymph system that filters, stores, and removes blood, and activates lymphocytes.
|
|
|
|
| splenectomy [spl6-N1K-to-me] {esplenectomía} | Removal of the spleen.
|
|
|
|
| splenomegaly [spl6n-o-M1G-å-le] | Enlarged spleen.
|
|
|
|
| splinting {ferulización} | Applying a splint to immobilize a body part.
|
|
|
|
| spondylolisthesis [SP3N-d7-lo-l7s-TH1-s7s] {espondilolistesis} | Degenerative condition in which one vertebra misaligns
with the one below it; slipped disk.
|
|
|
|
| spondylolysis [sp8n-d7-L3L-7-s7s] {espodilolisis} | Degenerative condition of the moving part of a vertebra.
|
|
|
|
| spondylosyndesis [SP3N-d7-lo-s7n-DE-s7s] {espondilosindesis} | Fusion of two or more spinal vertebrae.
|
|
|
|
| sponge {esponja} | Polyurethane contraceptive device filled with spermicide and placed in vagina near cervix.
|
|
|
|
| spongy bone | Bone with an open latticework filled with connective tissue or marrow.
|
|
|
|
| sprain [spran] | Injury to a joint without dislocation or fracture.
|
|
|
|
| spur [sp9r] | Bony projection growing out of a bone; calcar.
|
|
|
|
| sputum [SPU-t9m] sample or culture | Culture of material that is expectorated (or brought back up as mucus).
|
|
|
|
| squamous cell carcinoma [SKW0-m9s s6l kår-s7n-NO-må] | Cancer of the squamous epithelium.
|
|
|
|
| squamous epithelium [SKW0-m9s 6p-7-THE-le-9m] | Flat, scaly layer of cells that makes up the epidermis.
|
|
|
|
| stage | Degree of tumor spread.
|
|
|
|
| standard precautions | Guidelines issued by the Centers for Disease Control for preventing the spread of disease.
|
|
|
|
| stapedectomy [sta-p6-D1K-to-m6] | Removal of the stapes to cure otosclerosis.
|
|
|
|
| stapes (pl., stapes, stapedes) [STA-pez (STA-p6-dez)] {estribo} | One of the three auditory ossicles; the stirrup.
|
|
|
|
| staples | Metal devices used to suture surgical incisions.
|
|
|
|
| statins [ST0-t7nz] | A class of lipid-lowering agents that are the most frequently used today.
|
|
|
|
| steatorrhea [STE-å-to-RE-å] {esteatorrea} | Fat in the blood.
|
|
|
|
| stem cell | Immature cell formed in bone marrow that becomes
differentiated into either a red or a white blood cell.
|
|
|
|
| stenosis [st6-NO-s7s] {estenosis} | Narrowing, particularly of blood vessels or of the cardiac valves.
|
|
|
|
| stent [st6nt] | Surgically implanted device used to hold something (as a blood vessel) open.
|
|
|
|
| stereotactic [STER-e-o-T0K-t7k] frame | Headgear worn by patients needing pinpoint accuracy in the treatment of brain anomalies.
|
|
|
|
| stereotaxy [STER-e-o-T0K-se], stereotactic [STER-e-o-T0K t7k] surgery | Destruction of deep-seated brain structures using
three-dimensional coordinates to locate the structures.
|
|
|
|
| sternum [ST1R-n9m] {esternón} | Long, flat bone that forms the midline of the anterior of the thorax.
|
|
|
|
| steroid [STER-8yd, ST1R-8yd] | A hormone or chemical substance released by several endocrine glands or manufactured in various medications.
|
|
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| stimulus (pl., stimuli) [ST2M-yu-l9s (ST2M-yu-li)] {estimulo} | Anything that arouses a response.
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| stomach [ST3M-åk] {estómago} | Large sac between the esophagus and small intestine; place where food is broken down.
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| stool [stul] {heces} | Feces.
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| strabismus [strå-B2Z-m9s] {estrabismo} | Eye misalignment.
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| strain [stran] {distender} | Injury to a muscle as a result of improper use or overuse.
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| stratified squamous epithelium | Layers of epithelial cells that make up the strata of epithelium of the epidermis.
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| stratum (pl., strata)[STR0T-9m (STR0-tå)] {estrato} | Layer of tissue, especially a layer of the skin.
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| stratum corneum [KOR-ne-9m] | Top sublayer of the epidermis.
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| stratum germinativum [j6r-m7-N0T-7-v9m] | Bottom sublayer of the epidermis.
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| stress test | Test that measures heart rate, blood pressure, and
other body functions while the patient is exercising on
a treadmill.
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| striae [STRI-e] {estrías} | Stretch marks made in the collagen fibers of the dermis layer.
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| striated [stri-AT-6d] muscle | Muscle with a ribbed appearance that is controlled at will.
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| stridor [STRI-dor] {estridor} | High-pitched crowing sound heard in certain respiratory conditions.
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| stroke [strok] {accidente cerebrovascular} | See cerebrovascular accident (CVA).
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| sty, stye [sti] {orzuelo} | Hordeolum.
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| styloid [STI-l8yd] process | Peg-shaped protrusion from a bone.
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| subcutaneous [s9b-kyu-TA-ne-9s] | Injected into the fatty layer of tissue beneath the outer layer of skin.
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| subcutaneous [s9b-kyu-TA-ne-9s] layer | Bottom layer of the skin containing fatty tissue.
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| subdural [s9b-DUR-ål] space | Area between the dura mater and the pia mater across which the arachnoid runs.
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| sublingually [s9b-L2NG-gwå-le] | Under the tongue.
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| subluxation [s9b-l9k-SA-sh9n] {subluxación} | Partial dislocation, as between joint surfaces.
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| sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | Death of an infant, usually while sleeping, of unknown cause.
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| sulcus (pl., sulci) [S4L-k9s (S4L-si)] {surco} | Groove or furrow in the surface of bone; see fissure.
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| superficial [su-p6r-F2SH-ål] | At or near the surface (of the body).
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| superior [su-PER-e-or] | Above another body structure.
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| superior lobe | Topmost lobe of each lung.
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| superior vena cava | Large vein that transports blood collected from the upper part of the body to the heart.
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| supine [su-PIN] | Lying on the spine facing upward.
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| suppository [su-P3Z-7-tor-e] {supositorio} | Drug mixed with a semi-solid melting substance meant for administration by insertion into the vagina, rectum, or urethra.
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| suppressor [su-PR1S-or] cell | T cell that suppresses B cells and other immune cells.
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| suprarenal [SU-prå-RE-nål] gland | Adrenal gland.
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| surgery [S1R-j6r-e] | Removal, transplant, or manipulation of tissue.
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| surgical scissors | Scissors used for cutting and dissecting tissue during surgery
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| suture [SU-chur] {sutura} | Joining of two bone parts with a fibrous membrane.
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| suture [SU-chur] needles | Needles used in closing surgical wounds by sewing.
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| sweat glands | Coiled glands of the skin that secrete perspiration
to regulate body temperature and excrete waste
products.
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| sweat test | Test for cystic fibrosis that measures the amount of
salt in sweat.
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| sympathetic [s7m-på-TH1T-7k] nervous system | Part of the autonomic nervous system that operates when the body is under stress.
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| sympathomimetic [S2M-på-tho-m7-M1T-7k] {simpatomimético} | Mimicking functions of the sympathetic nervous system.
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| symphysis [S2M-f7-s7s] {sinfisis} | Type of cartilaginous joint uniting two bones.
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| synapse [S2N-åps] {sinapsis} | Space over which nerve impulses jump from one neuron to another.
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| synarthrosis [S2N-år-THRO-s7s] {sinartrosis} | Fibrous joint with no movement.
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| syncope [S2N-ko-pe] {síncope} | Loss of consciousness due to a sudden lack of oxygen in the brain.
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| syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) | Excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone.
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| synovectomy [s7n-o-V1K-to-me] {sinovectomía} | Removal of part or all of a joint's synovial membrane.
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| synovial [s7-NO-ve-ål] fluid | Fluid that serves to lubricate joints.
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| synovial joint | A joint that moves.
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| synovial membrane | Connective tissue lining the cavity of joints and producing the synovial fluid.
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| syphilis [S2F-7-l7s] {sífilis} | Sexually transmitted infection.
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| syringe [s7-R2NJ] {jeringa} | Instrument used for injection or withdrawal of fluids.
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| system [S2S-t6m] | Any group of organs and ancillary parts that work together to perform a major body function.
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| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | Most severe form of lupus, involving internal organs.
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| systole [S2S-to-le] {systole} | Contraction phase of the heartbeat.
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| tachycardia [T0K-7-K0R-de-å] {taquicardia} | Heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute.
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| tachypnea [tåk-7p-NE-å] {taquipnea} | Abnormally fast breathing.
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| talipes calcaneus [T0L-7-pez kål-KA-ne-9s] | Deformity of the heel resulting from weakened calf muscles.
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| talipes valgus [V0L-g9s] | Foot deformity characterized by eversion of the foot.
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| talipes varus [V0-r9s] | Foot deformity characterized by inversion of the foot.
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| target cell | Cell with receptors that are compatible with specific
hormones.
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| tarsus, tarsal [T0R-s9s, T0R-sål] bones | Seven bones of the instep (arch of the foot).
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| taste | Ability to perceive the qualities of ingested matter.
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| taste buds | Organs that sense the taste of food.
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| taste cells | Specialized receptor cells within the taste buds.
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| Tay-Sachs [TA-såks] disease | Hereditary disease that causes deterioration in the central nervous system and, eventually, death.
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| T cells | Specialized cells that develop in the thymus and are
responsible for cellular immunity, and assist with humoral
immunity.
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| tears [t6rz] {lágrimas} | Moisture secreted from the lacrimal glands.
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| telangiectasia [t6l-0N-je-6k-TA-zhe-å] | A permanent dilation of the small blood vessels.
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| temporal [T1M-po-rål] bone | Large bone forming the base and sides of the skull.
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| temporal lobe [T1M-po-rål lob] | One of the four parts of each hemisphere of the cerebrum.
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| temporomandibular [T1M-po-ro-mån-D2B-yu-lår] joint (TMJ) | Joint of the lower jaw between the temporal bone
and the mandible.
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| temporomandibular [T1M-po-ro-mån-D2B-yu-lår] joint (TMJ) dysfunction | Pain in the jawline due to dislocation of the joint.
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| tendinitis, tendonitis [t6n-d7n-IT-7s] {tendonitis} | Inflammation of a tendon.
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| tendon [T1N-d8n] {tendon} | Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone or other structures.
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| tenotomy [t6-N3T-o-me] {tenotomía} | Surgical cutting of a tendon.
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| teratoma [t6r-å-TO-må] | Growth containing several types of tissue and various types of cells.
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| terminal end fibers | Group of fibers at the end of an axon that passes the impulses leaving the neuron to the next neuron.
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| testicle [T1S-t7-kl] {testículo} | See testis.
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| testis (pl., testes) [T1S-t7s (T1S-tez)], testicle [TES-ti-kl] {testículo} | Male organ that produces sperm and is contained
in the scrotum; one of two male organs that secrete hormones in the endocrine system.
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| testosterone [t6s-T3S-t6-ron] {testosterona} | Primary male hormone.
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| tetany [T1T-å-ne] {tetania} | Painfully long muscle contraction. Muscle paralysis, usually due to decreased levels of ionized calcium in the blood.
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| tetralogy of Fallot [få-LO] | Set of four congenital heart abnormalities appearing together that cause deoxygenated blood to enter the systemic circulation: ventricular septal-defect, pulmonary stenosis, incorrect position of the aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy.
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| thalamus [TH0L-å-m9s] {tálamo} | One of the four parts of the diencephalon; serves as a sensory relay station.
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| thalassemia [thål-å-SE-me-å] {talasemia} | Hereditary disorder characterized by inability to produce sufficient hemoglobin.
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| therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) | Taking of regular blood or urine tests to track drug use and effectiveness of medication.
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| therapeutic massage | Stimulates the skin, muscles, and tissue to promote healing.
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| therapeutic touch | The laying on of hands to promote healing.
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| therapist [TH0R-å-p7st] | Nonmedical professional trained in the treatment of mental disorders through talk therapy.
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| third molar | Molar furthest from the median of the jawline.
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| third-degree burn | Most severe type of burn; involves complete
destruction of an area of skin.
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| thoracic [tho-R0S-7k] cavity | Body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.
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| thoracic [tho-R0S-7k] surgeon | Surgeon who specializes in surgery of the thorax.
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| thoracic [tho-R0S-7k] vertebrae | Twelve vertebrae of the chest area.
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| thoracocentesis [THOR-å-ko-s6n-TE-s7s] {toracocentesis} | Surgical puncture of the chest cavity.
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| thoracostomy [thor-å-K3S-to-me] {toracostomía} | Establishment of an opening in the chest cavity.
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| thoracotomy [thor-å-K3T-o-me] {toracotomía} | Incision into the chest cavity.
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| thorax [THO-råks] {tórax} | Part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen; chest; chest cavity.
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| throat [throwt] {garganta} | See pharynx.
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| throat culture | Test for streptococcal or other infections in which a swab taken on the surface of the throat is placed in a culture to see if certain bacteria grow.
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| thrombectomy [thr8m-B1K-to-me] {trombectomia} | Surgical removal of a thrombus.
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| thrombin [THR3MB-7n] {trombina} | Enzyme that helps in clot formation.
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| thrombocyte [THR3M-bo-sit] {trombocito} | Platelet; cell fragment that produces thrombin.
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| thrombocytopenia [THR3M-bo-si-to-PE-ne-å] | Bleeding condition with insufficient production of platelets.
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| thrombolytic [thr8m-bo-L2T-7k] | Agent that dissolves a thrombus; agent that dissolves blood clots.
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| thrombophlebitis [THR3M-bo-fl6-BI-tis] {tromboflebitis} | Inflammation of a vein with a thrombus.
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| thromboplastin [thr8m-bo-PL0S-t7n] | Protein that aids in forming a fibrin clot.
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| thrombosis [thr8m-BO-s7s] {trombosis} | Presence of a thrombus in a blood vessel.
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| thrombotic [thr8m-B3T-7k] stroke | Stroke caused by a thrombus.
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| thrombotic [thr8m-B3T-7k] occlusion | Narrowing caused by a thrombus.
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| thrombus [THR3M-b9s] {trombo} | Blood clot; stationary blood clot in the cardiovascular system, usually formed from matter found in the blood.
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| thymectomy [thi-M1K-to-me] {timectomía} | Removal of the thymus gland.
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| thymoma [thi-MO-må] {timoma} | Tumor of the thymus gland.
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| thymosin [THI-mo-s7n] {timosina} | Hormone secreted by the thymus gland that aids in distribution of thymocytes and lymphoctyes.
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| thymus [THI-m9s] gland | Soft gland with two lobes that is involved in immune responses; located in mediastinum; gland that is part of the immune system as well as part of the endocrine system; aids in the maturation of T and B cells.
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| thyroid [THI-r8yd] gland | Gland with two lobes located on either side of the trachea; helps control blood calcium levels and metabolic functions.
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| thyroid cartilage | See Adam's apple.
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| thyroid function test or study | Test for levels of TSH, T3, and T4 in blood plasma to determine thyroid function.
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| thyroid scan | Imaging test for thyroid abnormalities.
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| thyroidectomy [thi-r8y-D1K-to-me] {tiroidectomía} | Removal of the thyroid.
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| thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland; stimulates release of thyroid hormones.
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