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| 1 | |
What concepts can be explained using this diagram?
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| | A) | the movement of water between the oceans and the land |
| | B) | how precipitation ends up in rivers or groundwater |
| | C) | how weathering causes the seas to become saltier |
| | D) | all of these |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following is valid for how rocks weather? |
| | A) | quartz is very soluble during weathering at low temperatures |
| | B) | limestone weathers rapidly in wet climates but can form cliffs in dry ones |
| | C) | as a granite weathers, quartz rapidly decomposes into clay minerals |
| | D) | most minerals in granite weather at nearly the same rate and so granite has smooth surfaces |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is true about how weathering affects fractured rocks? |
| | A) | weathering affects rocks from the outside in, forming an outer weathered zone or rind |
| | B) | weathering attacks corners from three sides and so these are preferentially removed |
| | C) | preferential weathering along fractures can cause blocks to become rounded |
| | D) | all of these |
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| 4 | |
Soil that is reddish, intensely leached, and rich in iron and aluminum minerals most likely forms in: |
| | A) | tropical climate |
| | B) | temperate climate |
| | C) | arid climate |
| | D) | an area with only minor soil development |
| | E) | a short amount of time |
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| 5 | |
People reshape steep slopes, a practice called terracing, in order to:
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| | A) | help capture and retain rainfall |
| | B) | provide a level place on which to farm |
| | C) | promote soil formation |
| | D) | protect soil from erosion |
| | E) | all of these |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following are problems related to soil? |
| | A) | individual grains lose contact with one another as water squeezes between them |
| | B) | certain clay minerals increase in volume when they become wet |
| | C) | soils that do not compact uniformly because of varying amounts of clay |
| | D) | erosion due to loss of plant cover, such as from overgrazing |
| | E) | all of these |
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| 7 | |
How can weathering form a mineral deposit? |
| | A) | extreme leaching can leave behind elements, such as aluminum, that are valuable |
| | B) | weathering can dissolve copper from the top of a mineral deposit and reprecipitate it at depth |
| | C) | heavier materials, such as gold and diamond, accumulate near the base of river gravels |
| | D) | all of these |
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| 8 | |
Which of the following factors does NOT control the stability of a slope? |
| | A) | the angle of repose for intact bedrock |
| | B) | whether the slope is rock or soil |
| | C) | the amount of water in the soil |
| | D) | the orientation of fractures, cleavage, and bedding |
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| 9 | |
Which of the following is a way that slopes fail? |
| | A) | large blocks fall from cliffs |
| | B) | rocks, soil, sediment, and ice slides down steep hillsides |
| | C) | pieces of loose rock accumulate on talus slopes until the angle becomes too steep |
| | D) | soil and other loose material can flow rapidly down slopes, forming debris flows |
| | E) | all of these |
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| 10 | |
What factors lead to the Vaiont landslide disaster? |
| | A) | a volcanic eruption shook the ground |
| | B) | a major earthquake shook the ground |
| | C) | the sedimentary layers dipped downslope toward the reservoir |
| | D) | all of these |
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| 11 | |
The landslide that destroyed La Conchita, as shown in this photograph, is probably:
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| | A) | an example of creep |
| | B) | an earth flow |
| | C) | a rock fall |
| | D) | a rock avalanche |
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