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1 | |
The coastal zone includes which of the following environments? |
| | A) | deltas |
| | B) | estuaries |
| | C) | open coast |
| | D) | All of the above are included in the coastal zone. |
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2 | |
The zone that includes the area between the storm high water level and the limit of wave action is labeled the: |
| | A) | beach. |
| | B) | cove. |
| | C) | shore. |
| | D) | bay. |
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3 | |
Secondary coasts result from all but which of the following processes? |
| | A) | alteration by waves |
| | B) | alteration by marine plants and animals |
| | C) | volcanic activity |
| | D) | All of the above are correct. |
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4 | |
Primary coasts result from all but which of the following processes? |
| | A) | moraines |
| | B) | erosion of the land by rivers |
| | C) | deposition of sediments by waves |
| | D) | All of the above are correct. |
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5 | |
Which of the following relationships of landforms: process is not correct? |
| | A) | moraines: glaciers |
| | B) | deltas: rivers |
| | C) | dunes: wind action |
| | D) | ria valley: glaciers |
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6 | |
All of the following are examples of secondary coastal features except: |
| | A) | bars. |
| | B) | fault bays. |
| | C) | reefs. |
| | D) | salt marshes. |
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7 | |
Isolated offshore bars that grow until they break the surface may develop into: |
| | A) | barrier islands. |
| | B) | reefs. |
| | C) | sea stacks. |
| | D) | deltas. |
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8 | |
Which of the following statements does not accurately describe beach features? |
| | A) | The dry region of a beach is the backshore. |
| | B) | The beach scarp divides the foreshore from the backshore. |
| | C) | The offshore zone includes the region from the lowest tide to the beach scarp. |
| | D) | Bars and troughs are features seaward of the beach that change seasonally. |
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9 | |
Which of the following is not an example of a beach type? |
| | A) | spit |
| | B) | armored |
| | C) | tombolo |
| | D) | headlands |
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10 | |
Which statement about beach materials is not correct? |
| | A) | Shingles are wooden planks that cover beaches when ships break up on nearby rocks. |
| | B) | An armored beach is protected from further erosion by large lag deposits. |
| | C) | Terrigenous materials are carried along the coast by waves and currents. |
| | D) | The distinctive colors of some beaches result from specific mineral sources. |
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11 | |
The landward transport of sediments by waves is called ____________ transport. |
| | A) | longshore |
| | B) | dynamic |
| | C) | surfzone |
| | D) | onshore |
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12 | |
Beaches along a drift sector experience a large flux of sediments, but usually do not change appearance very easily. This is an example of: |
| | A) | accretion. |
| | B) | dynamic equilibrium. |
| | C) | cusping. |
| | D) | erosion. |
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13 | |
The assimilation of salt water into overriding fresh water is called: |
| | A) | saltation. |
| | B) | swashing. |
| | C) | dilution. |
| | D) | entrainment. |
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14 | |
Which of the following is not a National Marine Sanctuary? |
| | A) | Flow Garden Banks |
| | B) | Monterey Bay |
| | C) | Mississippi River Delta |
| | D) | Florida Keys |
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15 | |
Which of the following is not a type of estuary? |
| | A) | inverse |
| | B) | partially mixed |
| | C) | salt wedge |
| | D) | sand wedge |
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16 | |
Which of the following does not affect global sea level? |
| | A) | sediment accumulation in ocean basins |
| | B) | thermal expansion of seawater |
| | C) | isostatic forces |
| | D) | All the above effect sea level. |
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17 | |
High evaporation rates and relatively low fresh water inflow may result in which type of estuary? |
| | A) | inverse |
| | B) | partially mixed |
| | C) | salt wedge |
| | D) | well-mixed |
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18 | |
The amount of time required for an estuary to undergo an exchange of water is ____________ time. |
| | A) | geologic |
| | B) | half-life |
| | C) | overturn |
| | D) | flushing |
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19 | |
Which of the following statements on the history of San Francisco Bay is not accurate? |
| | A) | The bay was a sterile, unproductive environment until Europeans began to develop it. |
| | B) | Sediment from mining operations has led to a shallowing of parts of the bay. |
| | C) | Selenium from agricultural runoff has been detected in the bay's waterfowl. |
| | D) | Much of the bay's wetlands and deltas have been developed for farm housing. |
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20 | |
The Chesapeake Bay system has experienced which of the following? |
| | A) | Sewage entering the bay system has increased the growth of plants, which consume and lower oxygen levels when they die and decay. |
| | B) | Farm fertilizers in runoff are thought to promote the growth of toxic organisms. |
| | C) | The growing population and continued development around the bay is putting increased pressure on the bay system. |
| | D) | All of the above are accurate. |
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21 | |
Where is the largest marine sanctuary in the world located? |
| | A) | Hawaiian Islands |
| | B) | Monterey Bay, CA |
| | C) | Florida Keys, FL |
| | D) | Boston, MA |
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22 | |
Which of the following is not an example of a feature common to a primary coast? |
| | A) | delta |
| | B) | dunes |
| | C) | sea stack |
| | D) | fjord |
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23 | |
Which of the following best describes a secondary coast? |
| | A) | Coastline shaped primarily by marine processes. |
| | B) | Coastline shaped primarily by subaerial erosion. |
| | C) | Coastline shaped by sinking land. |
| | D) | Glaciated coastline. |
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24 | |
Put the following features in order from the sea to the inland area: |
| | A) | foreshore, offshore, backshore, upland |
| | B) | offshore, backshore, upland, foreshore |
| | C) | offshore, backshore, upland, foreshore |
| | D) | offshore, foreshore, backshore, upland |
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25 | |
Process moving sediment along the beach is known as: |
| | A) | onshore current. |
| | B) | longshore transport. |
| | C) | longshore current. |
| | D) | onshore transport. |
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26 | |
Which of the following areas has the most severe coastal erosion? |
| | A) | California |
| | B) | Florida |
| | C) | New Orleans, LA |
| | D) | Norfolk, VA |
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27 | |
Which type of estuary has a strong tidal influence but low river input? |
| | A) | salt wedge |
| | B) | well-mixed |
| | C) | partially mixed |
| | D) | fjord |
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2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education