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1
The first researcher to sequence a genome, in 1977, was
A)Todd Golub.
B)Frederick Sanger.
C)Craig Venter.
D)Stephen Fodor.
E)Gregor Mendel.
2
The correct order of events for sequencing DNA is
A)amplify DNA fragment of unknown sequence; gel electrophoresis; heat; add four different chain-terminating chemical tags; mix with primer; computer analysis.
B)amplify DNA fragment of unknown sequence; heat; gel electrophoresis; mix with primer; computer analysis; add four different chain-terminating chemical tags.
C)amplify DNA fragment of unknown sequence; mix with primer; add four different chain-terminating chemical tags; heat; gel electrophoresis; computer analysis.
D)amplify DNA fragment of unknown sequence; add four different chain-terminating chemical tags; gel electrophoresis; heat; mix with primer; computer analysis.
E)amplify DNA fragment of unknown sequence; add four different chain-terminating chemical tags; heat; mix with primer; computer analysis; gel electrophoresis.
3
How is it possible that there are four times as many kinds of mRNA as there are genes in the human genome?
A)Genes are distributed evenly over the genome and not all are used.
B)Human genes are fragmented and use alternative splicing.
C)The human genome contains special introns that code for proteins.
D)The human genome contains bacterial genes that are not accounted for.
E)None of these is correct.
4
Genes for typical single-character Mendelian traits are called
A)segmental duplications.
B)multigene families.
C)tandem clusters.
D)single-copy genes.
E)introns.
5
The genes encoding rRNA are examples of
A)single-copy genes.
B)segmental duplications.
C)tandem clusters of genes.
D)multigene families.
E)noncoding DNA.
6
What type of noncoding DNA tends to be localized around the centromere?
A)Constitutive heterochromatin
B)Structural DNA
C)Repeated sequences
D)Transposable elements
E)Both 1 and 2 are correct.
7
What percentage of the human genome is comprised of structural DNA?
A)1%
B)10%
C)24%
D)20%
E)45%
8
What percentage of the human genome is made up of repeated sequences?
A)0%
B)1%
C)3%
D)20%
E)45%
9
How much of the human genome is actual protein-encoding genes?
A)1%
B)3%
C)95%
D)20%
E)45%
10
When comparing the genomes of a variety of organisms, what is most surprising?
A)How similar living organisms are to each other at the genetic level
B)How unrelated most genera really are
C)The striking number of differences between species
D)Traditional taxonomy has accurately reflected the number of differences between organisms.
E)None of these is correct.
11
The field of study involving the sequencing of the genomes of organisms is
A)proteomics.
B)molecular genetics.
C)bioinformatics.
D)genomics.
E)taxonomy
12
Microarray gene chips will eventually be used to
A)screen for mutations leading to cancer.
B)identify carriers of genetic diseases.
C)identify probable behavioral traits.
D)Both 1 and 2 are correct.
E)1, 2, and 3 are correct.
13
The new area of science that seeks to catalog and analyze every protein in the human body in order to help understand the human genome is called
A)bioinformatics.
B)proteomics.
C)molecular genetics.
D)genomics.
E)None of these is correct.
14
Why was the first genome sequence considered a milestone?
A)It proved that viruses contained nucleic acids.
B)It proved that DNA could be isolated from a virus.
C)It showed the coding sequences for all the proteins produced by a virus.
D)It proved that the coding sequences within a genome could be located and identified.
15
In the method of sequencing DNA described in the text, how does the researcher differentiate between the four nucleotide bases?
A)Four different chemical tags have the ability to bind to the four different DNA bases.
B)Each nucleotide base is fluorescently colored and a spectrophotometer reads the results.
C)Computers read the results of the gel electrophoresis.
D)Time-consuming chemical assays distinguish one nucleotide base from another.
16
How many genes constitute the human genome?
A)More than 1 million
B)4 Mb
C)20,000 to 25,000
D)46
17
Which of these is not a type of noncoding human DNA?
A)Structural DNA
B)Repeated sequences
C)Constitutive heterochromatin
D)None of these. All are types of noncoding DNA.
18
Genomes of more closely related organisms are more alike than those of more distantly related organisms.
A)True
B)False
19
A collection of gene fragments on a stamp-sized chip is called a
A)reference sequence.
B)SNP profile.
C)gene microarray.
D)semiconductor.
20
In comparing mouse and human genomes, there are more similarities between the (start_quotes) junk (end_quotes) DNA than between protein-encoding genes.
A)True
B)False





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