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1
Prior to the publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species, most people believed that species were created and unchanging over time.
A)True
B)False
2
Darwin was one of many scientists who proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution.
A)True
B)False
3
The relationship between pistol shrimp and coral is an example of
A)parasitism.
B)commensalism.
C)mutualism.
D)competition.
4
When two organisms attempt to utilize the same resource, the result is
A)parasitism.
B)competition.
C)commensalism.
D)mutualism.
5
The writings of Charles Lyell had a great influence on Darwin because Lyell
A)wrote about natural selection as the mechanism of evolution in great detail.
B)believed species changed when God brought forth a great disaster and created new forms of life on the renewed Earth.
C)described a world where species were constantly becoming extinct while new species evolved.
D)described several species of finches in which different types of beaks allowed them to occupy different niches.
E)felt that humans had no influence on the evolution of other species.
6
Which of the following helped convince Darwin in the evolution of species?
A)The fossil record
B)Patterns of life he observed on the voyage of the Beagle
C)Biblical writings
D)All of the above helped to convince Darwin in the evolution of species.
E)Only 1 and 2 helped to convince Darwin in the evolution of species.
7
What was especially profound about the different beak types Darwin observed in his "finches" was that
A)they allowed each bird to successfully utilize many types of food items.
B)each beak type was seen on only one island.
C)the beak type changed over the lifetime of each bird.
D)this incredible diversity occurred in a related group of birds.
E)no other life form Darwin found on his journey showed such striking resemblance to mainland organisms.
8
The beak shape of Darwin's finches was influenced by the
A)number of offspring produced in a given year.
B)carrying capacity of the environment.
C)nature of the food supply.
D)effects of artificial selection by the island's inhabitants.
E)predators preying on a particular species of bird.
9
When clusters of species change from a common ancestor as they occupy different habitats, the phenomenon is called
A)adaptive radiation.
B)diverse radiation.
C)ecological selection.
D)artificial selection.
E)niche selection.
10
A niche is described as
A)the space an organism occupies.
B)the food an organism consumes.
C)an organism's moisture requirements.
D)the temperature at which an organism can survive.
E)All of the above
11
Which of the following provides an example of commensalism?
A)A tapeworm living in the gut of its host
B)A bird feeding on insects on the back of a large herbivore
C)A brightly colored poisonous frog
D)Ants feeding on a plant
E)All of the above are examples of commensalisms.
12
Darwin developed his theories on evolution by natural selection after observing
A)the feeding adaptations of the Galapagos finches.
B)fossils of extinct and living armadillos in South America.
C)similarities and differences in the Galapagos organisms and South American organisms.
D)differences in the characteristics of similar species from place to place.
E)All of the above
13
Evolution
A)has occurred only in the past 150 million years.
B)involves a progression of changes that took place over long periods of time.
C)occurs more often in plant species than in animals.
D)is no longer possible.
E)always results in species adapted for the current environment.
14
Darwin found that plant and animal species living on oceanic islands were most similar to species found
A)at the same latitude anywhere else in the world.
B)at the same elevation anywhere else in the world.
C)anywhere in the world having a similar climate.
D)on the nearest mainland.
E)on neighboring islands.
15
Raw materials such as carbon and nitrogen
A)can only be used by plants in their raw forms.
B)move through the food chain in a similar manner to energy.
C)are so plentiful that recycling is not necessary.
D)are more plentiful in some biomes than in others.
E)cycle between organisms and the physical environment.
16
As the number of individuals of the prey species increases, the predator population
A)decreases.
B)increases.
C)stabilizes.
D)evolves.
E)None of the above
17
The study of how organisms live in their environment is called
A)geology.
B)ecology.
C)biology.
D)astronomy.
18
Charles Darwin served as a naturalist on a five-year navigational mapping expedition around the world. During this trip his primary observations were of
A)a wide variety of plants and animals on the coasts and coastal islands of South America.
B)the wildlife on the Great Plains of the United States.
C)the coastal wildlife of China and India.
D)the marine life of the Bering Straits off the coast of Alaska.
19
Which of the following is not a type of symbiotic relationship?
A)Predation
B)Commensalism
C)Mutualism
D)Parasitism
E)None of the above-they are all types of symbiosis
20
Peter and Rosemary Grant and generations of their students have studied the medium ground finch on a tiny island in the center of the Galapagos Islands called Daphne Major. They discovered that birds with stout beaks have an advantage during
A)wet weather when small seeds are plentiful.
B)dry weather when only large seeds are available.
C)wet weather when only large seeds are available.
D)dry weather when seeds are plentiful.





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