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| 1 | |
Negative feedback mechanisms maintain deviations from a set point for different internal variables. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 2 | |
Osmoregulation is the regulation of the body's water content. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 3 | |
Paramecia and sponges employ ___________ for the removal of metabolic wastes. |
| | A) | Malpighian tubules |
| | B) | contractile vacuoles |
| | C) | flame cells |
| | D) | kidneys |
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| 4 | |
All vertebrates can produce urine that is more concentrated than their blood. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 5 | |
The kidney is a complex organ made up of a million repeating units called a |
| | A) | collecting duct. |
| | B) | glomerulus. |
| | C) | nephron. |
| | D) | flame cell. |
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| 6 | |
Freshwater fish solve the problem of swelling up with water from their environment by |
| | A) | drinking water. |
| | B) | not drinking water. |
| | C) | excreting a dilute urine. |
| | D) | excreting concentrated urine. |
| | E) | Both 2 and 3 |
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| 7 | |
No vertebrate animal is able to drink seawater and survive. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 8 | |
The kangaroo rat never has to drink water. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 9 | |
The pathway of urine from where it is produced to where it leaves the body is |
| | A) | urethra, urinary bladder, ureters, kidneys |
| | B) | kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra |
| | C) | kidneys, urethra, urinary bladder, ureters |
| | D) | ureters, urethra, kidneys, urinary bladder |
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| 10 | |
A single nephron consists of a |
| | A) | filter. |
| | B) | tube. |
| | C) | duct. |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 11 | |
Which of the following is(are) not filtered at the kidney? |
| | A) | Red blood cells |
| | B) | White blood cells |
| | C) | Proteins |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 12 | |
The pathway through the nephron from the glomerulus is which of the following? |
| | A) | Bowman's capsule, Loop of Henle, collecting duct, proximal tubule, distal tubule |
| | B) | Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, distal tubule, Loop of Henle, collecting duct |
| | C) | Loop of Henle, Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, distal tubule, collecting duct |
| | D) | Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, Loop of Henle, distal tubule, collecting duct |
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| 13 | |
All water and solutes that pass through the kidneys end up in the urine and are excreted from the body. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 14 | |
The metabolic breakdown of amino acids and nucleic acids leads to the production of _______________ in the liver. |
| | A) | carbon dioxide |
| | B) | ammonia |
| | C) | salt |
| | D) | water |
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| 15 | |
Mammals eliminate nitrogen containing wastes from the degradation of amino acids in the form of _______________, as ammonia is too toxic to excrete. |
| | A) | urea |
| | B) | ammonia |
| | C) | uric acid |
| | D) | guano |
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| 16 | |
Sharks, rays, and skates keep their blood the same concentration as seawater by absorbing _______________ from their nephron tubules. |
| | A) | water |
| | B) | sodium |
| | C) | urea |
| | D) | chlorine |
| | E) | Both 2 and 4 |
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| 17 | |
In the Loop of Henle, water is reabsorbed in both the descending and ascending portion. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 18 | |
________________ is defined as the dynamic constancy of the internal environment. |
| | A) | Negative feedback |
| | B) | Homeostasis |
| | C) | An integrating center |
| | D) | Osmoregulation |
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| 19 | |
The _______________________ is the component of a negative feedback loop that causes changes to compensate for a deviation from homeostasis. |
| | A) | stimulus |
| | B) | sensor |
| | C) | effector |
| | D) | response |
| | E) | integrating center |
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| 20 | |
Considering human body temperature, sweat glands correspond to the ___________ component of a negative feedback loop. |
| | A) | stimulus |
| | B) | sensor |
| | C) | response |
| | D) | effector |
| | E) | integrating center |
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