 | Learning Outcomes
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- Describe the conditions on the primitive Earth.
- Give a sequence of events by which a protocell may have originated through chemical evolution.
- Explain how small organic molecules may have arisen.
- Explain the RNA-first and protein-first hypotheses.
- List the traits of a true cell.
- Explain the important aspects of biological evolution including common descent and adaptation.
- Describe how the fossil evidence supports evolution.
- List the other categories and explain the evidence for the evolutionary process.
- Understand why intelligent design is not considered science.
- List the three critical elements that outline the process of natural selection as developed by Darwin.
- Describe how humans are classified.
- Explain how DNA data helps us understand human evolution.
- Describe the characteristics of primates.
- Describe the line of descent that includes the first hominids and the early hominids.
- Trace the evolution (including relevant geography) of Australopithecines.
- Trace the evolution of humans from early Homo to modern humans.
- Explain how human "races" represent phenotypes of the same species and that molecular data do not support use of the term "race."
- Contrast the multiregional continuity hypothesis with the out-of-Africa hypothesis.
- Understand and use the bold-faced and italicized terms included in this chapter.
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