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Multiple Choice
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1
Which of the following created the biggest challenge to the meritocratic structure of American schools?
A)the "cultural deprivation" studies
B)differentiated curricula
C)the GI Bill
D)All the answers are correct.
2
Both the Coleman Report and the studies done by Moynihan and Mosteller and published in the book On Equality of Educational Opportunity suggested that
A)economic success was likely the product of luck.
B)achievement problems were grounded in students and their backgrounds, not in the schools.
C)the meritocratic structure of the U.S. school system was partly to blame for student achievement issues.
D)money should be spent to make schools a more pleasant environment.
3
Race and ethnicity
A)are concepts that have a basis in science.
B)have historically been used to promote unity and understanding among peoples.
C)refer to socially constructed differences rather than biological differences.
D)are biologically-based terms that are unaffected by ideology.
4
The entrance exams for higher education, the SAT and the ACT,
A)are measures of intelligence.
B)measure acquisition of information and patterns of thought that are representative of the dominant culture.
C)have been re-tooled to eliminate disadvantages to those of lower socioeconomic classes.
D)All the answers are correct.
5
The Supreme Court case of Lau v. Nichols
A)was the basis for mandates of bilingual education.
B)established the unconstitutionality of the doctrine of "separate but equal."
C)was a class action suit brought by Hispanic-American students.
D)All the answers are correct.
6
Which of the following increasingly seems to be the most accurate determinant of whether a student will face impediments to future educational opportunities?
A)race
B)gender
C)socioeconomic class
D)ethnicity
7
Which of the following has been noted as a problem with the increased labeling of students as learning disabled?
A)the school districts' financial incentive to classify students as learning disabled.
B)the fact that students labeled as learning disabled are often not held to common standards of achievement or behavior.
C)the tendency to label difficult children as learning disabled so that their test scores will not be averaged into those of the school districts.
D)All the answers are correct.
8
Gender
A)is a societal construct that results in socialized roles.
B)is the biological characteristics that differentiate men from women.
C)roles are not created until a person reaches the age of maturity.
D)identity is influenced completely by internal factors within an individual.
9
Studies regarding sex roles in early education
A)demonstrate that girls who show "boy characteristics" such as assertiveness tend to get more teacher praise.
B)show that teacher behavior reinforces societal messages of how girls should or should not act.
C)confirm that girls are often asked the more difficult higher-order questions, while boys are asked more straight-forward questions.
D)All the answers are correct.
10
Which of the following is NOT a true statement about gender equity since the passage of Title IX in 1972?
A)The achievement gap between males and females, as measured by standardized tests, has continued to increase.
B)Female participation in athletics has largely increased.
C)There has been an increased awareness of gender inequality in the United States.
D)There is still a great deal of disparity between male and female participation in educational leadership positions.





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