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| 1 | |
Which of the following is NOT associated with the view of schools as tools to reconstruct society? |
| | A) | social action curriculum |
| | B) | service credit |
| | C) | Paulo Freire's The Pedagogy of the Oppressed |
| | D) | acculturation |
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| 2 | |
John Goodlad surveyed parents, teachers, and students about the goals of schools. He found that |
| | A) | parents, teachers, and students hold sharply differing views on school goals. |
| | B) | most parents feel social and civic goals should have top priority, whereas teachers overwhelmingly favor academic goals. |
| | C) | parents, teachers, and students rank four main goals (academic, social/civic, vocational, and personal) as "very important." |
| | D) | parents and teachers rate all but personal goals as "very important." |
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| 3 | |
In the mid- and late-1980s, experts such as Theodore Sizer, John Goodlad, and Ernest Boyer pushed for school reform that |
| | A) | called for stronger administrators to guide school reform. |
| | B) | had "higher standards" as its rallying cry. |
| | C) | advocated "full service schools." |
| | D) | called for teachers to have a greater role in educational reform. |
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| 4 | |
A Nation at Risk charged that the United States |
| | A) | had been committing "unilateral educational disarmament." |
| | B) | had failed to develop a social action curriculum to fit the times. |
| | C) | needed to have a more child-centered educational policy. |
| | D) | should direct more educational resources to the underprivileged. |
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| 5 | |
Researchers studying schools initially identified five relevant factors linked to school effectiveness. Which of the following is NOT part of the five-factor theory of effective schools? |
| | A) | School leaders articulate a clear school mission. |
| | B) | Student progress is carefully monitored. |
| | C) | School personnel hold high expectations for students. |
| | D) | Principals maintain a low profile and let teachers and students find their own educational paths. |
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| 6 | |
Recent research on factors shaping effective schools reveals that |
| | A) | for every $1 invested in technology, schools save $6 on remedial instruction. |
| | B) | students in large schools offering many options learn more and are less prone to resort to violence. |
| | C) | investments in teacher training show positive effects on student achievement. |
| | D) | students in large classes perform as well as students in smaller classes, at least when a teacher's aide is present. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following is most closely associated with the goal of desegregating schools? |
| | A) | charter schools |
| | B) | vouchers |
| | C) | magnet schools |
| | D) | for-profit schools |
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| 8 | |
In the 1950s, Milton Friedman began advocating freedom of choice in education. He believed |
| | A) | students should have ultimate flexibility in determining class schedules. |
| | B) | teachers should choose their curricula from within broad district guidelines. |
| | C) | parents should be able to choose where to send their children to school. |
| | D) | students should be able to choose between an academic and vocational track. |
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| 9 | |
Vouchers can now be used for private religious education because of |
| | A) | the rise of open enrollment policies. |
| | B) | the desire for change brought on by the report A Nation at Risk. |
| | C) | the Supreme Court decision in Zelman v. Simmons-Harris. |
| | D) | the Supreme Court decision in Lemon v. Kurtzman. |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT true of virtual schools? |
| | A) | Some virtual schools have been organized as full-time charter high schools. |
| | B) | They offer asynchronous education to students across the country. |
| | C) | Virtual schools have no central office, parent conferences, or health services like regular schools. |
| | D) | Students learning online report that they find the classes more personal and individualized than regular high-school classes. |
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| 11 | |
The consulting firm McKenzie and Company reached what conclusion after examining four distinct achievement gaps in U.S. education? |
| | A) | There is no real achievement gap between the U.S. and other industrialized nations. |
| | B) | There are no real differences in achievement between similar students in different regions. |
| | C) | College education more than makes up for early deficiencies in schooling, putting U.S. students on par with other nations in financial achievement. |
| | D) | The U.S. GDP would be higher if these achievement gaps did not exist. |
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| 12 | |
In Jonathan Kozol's writings and in his stand against vouchers, he rails against |
| | A) | lax educational standards that threaten our nation's economic future. |
| | B) | inequalities in our educational system. |
| | C) | the social action curriculum that diminishes academic standards. |
| | D) | slavish devotion to a wrong-headed idea of student-centered education. |
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| 13 | |
The Edison Schools |
| | A) | lengthened the school day and the school term, adding about two more years of study before graduation. |
| | B) | were found to be doing a better job at educating students by a number of high-profile studies. |
| | C) | chose to operate as a public company after establishing financial success. |
| | D) | emphasized more English-language instruction and a focus on the arts. |
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| 14 | |
Teacher merit pay |
| | A) | has historically shown consistent improved teacher performance when applied. |
| | B) | has never been consistently applied, and caused over-emphasis on test scores. |
| | C) | has led to high teacher resignations where applied. |
| | D) | has been consistently supported by teachers unions. |
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| 15 | |
Evidence on home-schooling shows that |
| | A) | home-schooled children outperform conventionally-schooled children on standardized tests, but fall well short of them on tests of social skills. |
| | B) | home-schooled children outperform conventionally-schooled children both on standardized tests and on tests of social skills. |
| | C) | home-schooled children and conventionally-schooled children have no significant differences in performance on academic or social tests. |
| | D) | home-schooled children perform poorly on standardized tests compared to conventionally-schooled children. |
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